1. THE MASS: Its Beginning Part IIb: The Last Supper-- the First Mass What Jesus did. 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 30 AD

2. The FIRST CUP is poured. Kadesh: the recitation of Kiddush--a prayer of blessing; Drink the entire cup of wine. Urchatz: wash hands. Karpas: eat a piece of non bitter vegetable dipped in salt-water. Yachatz: break the middle unleavened loaf. The SECOND CUP is poured and drunk. The unleavened bread is eaten A prayer of thanksgiving to God. Maggid: the recitation of the Haggada. CLOSE with the singing of the first part of Hallel (Ps. 112; 113:1-8)

3. Kadesh - the Benediction The Passover begins with the recitation of Kiddush, proclaiming the holiness of the holiday. This is done over a cup of wine, the first of the four cups drunk while reclining at the Meal. Blessed be You, O Lord our God, King of the universe, who have sanctified us by Your commandments, and have taken pleasure in us, and in love and favor have given us Your holy Sabbath as an inheritance, even the Sabbath of the remembrance of good; a memorial of the creation, the first of the holy convocations, in remembrance of the Exodus from Egypt, to make known that it is us whom You have chosen and us You have sanctified above all the peoples; and Your holy Sabbaths have You given us as an inheritance in love and favor. Blessed be You, O Lord, from the midst of the Sabbath, Who gives food to all flesh, [for] his mercy endures for ever. (Psalm 136:25). Blessed be You, O Lord our God, King of the universe, who brings forth bread from the earth. Amen.

4. Rachtzak: washing of the hands a second time. Motze: the recitation of the blessing. Jesus prays the Blessing CONSECRATION OF THE BREAD Matzak: the second loaf is broken eating the unleavened loaf Jesus passes the bread around Apostles eat the bread Morror: eating the bitter herbs. Korech: eating a sandwich of unleavened loaf; and bitter herbs. Shulchan Oruch: the Paschal Lamb is eaten; eating the festive meal, with more wine if desired; The Meal PROPER is ended.

5. Psalms 112 Hallelujah. I will praise the LORD with all my heart in the assembled congregation of the upright. Great are the works of the LORD, to be treasured for all their delights. Majestic and glorious is your work, your wise design endures forever. You won renown for your wondrous deeds; gracious and merciful is the LORD. You gave food to those who fear you, mindful of your covenant forever. You showed powerful deeds to your people, giving them the lands of the nations. The works of your hands are right and true, reliable all your decrees, Established forever and ever, to be observed with loyalty and care. You sent deliverance to your people, ratified your covenant forever; holy and awesome is your name. The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom; prudent are all who live by it. Your praise endures forever.

6. Psalms 113 Hallelujah! Happy are those who fear the LORD, who greatly delight in God's commands. Their descendants shall be mighty in the land, generation upright and blessed. Wealth and riches shall be in their homes; their prosperity shall endure forever. They shine through the darkness, a light for the upright; they are gracious, merciful, and just. All goes well for those gracious in lending, who conduct their affairs with justice. They shall never be shaken; the just shall be remembered forever. They shall not fear an ill report; their hearts are steadfast, trusting the LORD. Their hearts are tranquil, without fear, till at last they look down on their foes. Lavishly they give to the poor; their prosperity shall endure forever; their horn shall be exalted in honor. The wicked shall be angry to see this; they will gnash their teeth and waste away; the desires of the wicked come to nothing.

7. The THIRD CUP, a common vessel, is poured and taken (Chalice of Benediction); Bayrech: the recitation of grace after the Meal; the real Table Prayer Jesus takes the Common Cup of wine CONSECRATION OF THE WINE BY JESUS All drink from the Common Cup Hallel: the singing of Hallel psalms of praise (Ps 113:9-117:29; Ps. 136). JESUS AND HIS DISCIPLES DEPART FOR GETHESAME The Passover is not completed by Jesus and His Apostles in the Upper Room The FOURTH CUP was poured and drunk. Nirtzak: the prayer that God accepts our service; dismissal and departure.

8. Psalms 114 When Israel came forth from Egypt, the house of Jacob from an alien people, Judah became God's holy place, Israel, God's domain. The sea beheld and fled; the Jordan turned back. The mountains skipped like rams; the hills, like lambs of the flock. Why was it, sea, that you fled? Jordan, that you turned back? You mountains, that you skipped like rams? You hills, like lambs of the flock? Tremble, earth, before the Lord, before the God of Jacob, Who turned rock into pools of water, stone into flowing springs.

9. Psalms 115 Not to us, LORD, not to us but to your name give glory because of your faithfulness and love. Why should the nations say, "Where is their God?” Our God is in heaven; whatever God wills is done. Their idols are silver and gold, the work of human hands. They have mouths but do not speak, eyes but do not see. They have ears but do not hear, noses but do not smell. They have hands but do not feel, feet but do not walk, and no sound rises from their throats. Their makers shall be like them, all who trust in them. The house of Israel trusts in the LORD, who is their help and shield. The house of Aaron trusts in the LORD, who is their help and shield. Those who fear the LORD trust in the LORD, who is their help and shield. The LORD remembers us and will bless us, will bless the house of Israel, will bless the house of Aaron, Will bless those who fear the LORD, small and great alike. May the LORD increase your number, you and your descendants. May you be blessed by the LORD, who made heaven and earth. The heavens belong to the LORD, but the earth is given to us. The dead do not praise the LORD, all those gone down into silence. It is we who bless the LORD, both now and forever. Hallelujah!

10. Psalms 116 I love the LORD, who listened to my voice in supplication, Who turned an ear to me on the day I called. I was caught by the cords of death; the snares of Sheol had seized me; I felt agony and dread. Then I called on the name of the LORD, "O LORD, save my life!” Gracious is the LORD and just; yes, our God is merciful. The LORD protects the simple; I was helpless, but God saved me. Return, my soul, to your rest; the LORD has been good to you. For my soul has been freed from death, my eyes from tears, my feet from stumbling. I shall walk before the LORD in the land of the living. I kept faith, even when I said, "I am greatly afflicted!“ I said in my alarm, "No one can be trusted!“ How can I repay the LORD for all the good done for me? I will raise the cup of salvation and call on the name of the LORD. I will pay my vows to the LORD in the presence of all his people. Too costly in the eyes of the LORD is the death of his faithful. LORD, I am your servant, your servant, the child of your maidservant; you have loosed my bonds. I will offer a sacrifice of thanksgiving and call on the name of the LORD. I will pay my vows to the LORD in the presence of all his people, In the courts of the house of the LORD, in your midst, O Jerusalem. Hallelujah!

11. Psalms 118 Give thanks to the LORD, who is good, whose love endures forever. Let the house of Israel say: God's love endures forever. Let the house of Aaron say, God's love endures forever. Let those who fear the LORD say, God's love endures forever. In danger I called on the LORD; the LORD answered me and set me free. The LORD is with me; I am not afraid; what can mortals do against me? The LORD is with me as my helper; I shall look in triumph on my foes. Better to take refuge in the LORD than to put one's trust in mortals. Better to take refuge in the LORD than to put one's trust in princes. All the nations surrounded me; in the LORD'S name I crushed them. They surrounded me on every side; in the LORD'S name I crushed them. They surrounded me like bees; they blazed like fire among thorns; in the LORD'S name I crushed them. I was hard pressed and falling, but the LORD came to my help. The LORD, my strength and might, came to me as savior. Psalms 117 Praise the LORD, all you nations! Give glory, all you peoples! The LORD'S love for us is strong; the LORD is faithful forever. Hallelujah!

12. The joyful shout of deliverance is heard in the tents of the victors: “The LORD'S right hand strikes with power; the LORD'S right hand is raised; the LORD'S right hand strikes with power.” I shall not die but live and declare the deeds of the LORD. The LORD chastised me harshly, but did not hand me over to death. Open the gates of victory; I will enter and thank the LORD. This is the LORD'S own gate, where the victors enter. I thank you for you answered me; you have been my savior. The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. By the LORD has this been done; it is wonderful in our eyes. This is the day the LORD has made; let us rejoice in it and be glad. LORD, grant salvation! LORD, grant good fortune! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD. We bless you from the LORD'S house. The LORD is God and has given us light. Join in procession with leafy branches up to the horns of the altar. You are my God, I give you thanks; my God, I offer you praise. Give thanks to the LORD, who is good, whose love endures forever.

13. Psalms 136 (The Great Hallel) Praise the LORD, who is so good; God's love endures forever; Praise the God of gods; God's love endures forever; Praise the Lord of lords; God's love endures forever; Who alone has done great wonders, God's love endures forever; Who skillfully made the heavens, God's love endures forever; Who spread the earth upon the waters, God's love endures forever; Who made the great lights, God's love endures forever; The sun to rule the day, God's love endures forever; The moon and stars to rule the night, God's love endures forever; Who struck down the firstborn of Egypt, God's love endures forever; And led Israel from their midst, God's love endures forever; With mighty hand and outstretched arm, God's love endures forever; Who split in two the Red Sea, God's love endures forever; And led Israel through, God's love endures forever; But swept Pharaoh and his army into the Red Sea, God's love endures forever; Who led the people through the desert, God's love endures forever; Who struck down great kings, God's love endures forever; Slew powerful kings, God's love endures forever; Sihon, king of the Amorites, God's love endures forever; forever.

14. Og, king of Bashan, God's love endures forever; And made their lands a heritage, God's love endures forever; A heritage for Israel, God's servant, God's love endures forever. The LORD remembered us in our misery, God's love endures forever; Freed us from our foes, God's love endures forever; And gives food to all flesh, God's love endures forever. Praise the God of heaven, God's love endures forever. 27x

15. From Meal to Worship What’s to Come Gradually the apostles and their successors developed the Eucharistic celebration into the structure that endures to this day. They first named it the “Breaking of the Bread” but soon they saw the need to separate the rite from a meal, both because of abuses at meals (1 Corinthians 11:17-22) and because they wanted a more prayerful setting for this act of worship. This development was reported by a late first-century document, the Didache or “Teaching of the Apostles.” Eucharist was moved to Sunday in memory of Christ’s resurrection. In place of the meal the early Christians created a Liturgy of the Word somewhat modeled after synagogue prayer that included readings from Scripture, singing of psalms and an instruction. Around the words of institution they added prayers of thanksgiving, praise and intercession. By the year 150, St. Justin Martyr tells us that the basic structure of the Mass was already in place. These Eucharists were held in people’s homes up until the year 313.

16. On Sunday there were two readings by a lector, a homily by the priest, then the Eucharistic Prayer and the distribution of Communion. And there was a collection--for widows, orphans and others in need! The threefold roles of bishop, priest and deacon were already in place in the first century. Our Second Eucharistic Prayer today is brief and simple, and owes its inspiration to a similar one composed by Hippolytus of Rome in 215. It is clear that the basic form of the Eucharist occurred very early and has remained remarkably durable for 2,000 years.

17. The Meaning of the New Testament Passover The New Testament Passover is a memorial of the death of Jesus Christ as the true Passover Lamb. We eat the broken bread and drink the wine in remembrance of the sacrifice of His beaten body and shed blood. This sacrifice makes possible the forgiveness of our sins. By partaking of the Passover symbols of bread and wine, we are proclaiming our continual faith in Jesus' sacrifice. 1Corinthians 5:7 Therefore purge out the old leaven, that you may be a new lump, since you truly are unleavened. For indeed Christ, our Passover, was sacrificed for us. John 1:29 The next day John saw Jesus coming toward him, and said, Behold! The Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world.

18. 1Peter 1:18-19 Knowing that you were not redeemed with corruptible things, like silver or gold, from your aimless conduct received by tradition from your fathers, but with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot. 1Corinthians 11:23-26 For I received from the Lord that which I also delivered to you: that the Lord Jesus on the same night in which He was betrayed took bread; and when He had given thanks, He broke it and said, Take, eat; this is My body which is broken for you; do this in remembrance of Me. In the same manner He also took the cup after supper, saying, This cup is the new covenant in My blood. This do, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me. For as often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord's death till He comes.

19. Sharing in the Death of Jesus Christ Each year at Passover the eating of the bread and the drinking of the wine, are reminders that we share or participate in the death of Christ. 1Corinthians 10:16-17 The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the communion of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the communion of the body of Christ? For we, though many, are one bread and one body; for we all partake of that one bread. When a person professes the sacrifice of Jesus, he shares in the death of Christ, his "old man" is crucified with Jesus.

20. Romans 6:1-11 What shall we say then? Shall we continue in sin that grace may abound? Certainly not! How shall we who died to sin live any longer in it? Or do you not know that as many of us as were baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into His death? Therefore we were buried with Him through baptism into death, that just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life. For if we have been united together in the likeness of His death, certainly we also shall be in the likeness of His resurrection, knowing this, that our old man was crucified with Him, that the body of sin might be done away with, that we should no longer be slaves of sin. For he who has died has been freed from sin. Now if we died with Christ, we believe that we shall also live with Him, knowing that Christ, having been raised from the dead, dies no more. Death no longer has dominion over Him. For the death that He died, He died to sin once for all; but the life that He lives, He lives to God. Likewise you also, reckon yourselves to be dead indeed to sin, but alive to God in Christ Jesus our Lord.

21. The is the End of The Last Supper, the First Mass Part IIb Go to The Last Supper, the First Mass Part IIc