1. Smart Grid and Renewable Integration
Shivakumar V, Arunachalam V & Murugesan N
Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore
19 April 2017

2. Why Smart Grid? Drivers for Smart Grid Renewable energy in SG
What is Smart Grid ?
Why Smart Grid? Drivers for Smart Grid
Renewable energy in SG
Integration issues
Standardization issues
Conclusion
CPRI’s activities in Smart Grid
19 April 2017

3. What is Smart Grid? Many Definitions -
A smart grid includes an intelligent monitoring system that keeps track of all electricity flowing in the system. It also incorporates the use of superconductive transmission lines for less power loss, as well as the capability of integrating alternative sources of electricity such as solar and wind.
“an automated, widely distributed energy delivery network characterized by a two-way flow of electricity and information, capable of monitoring and responding to changes in everything from power plants to customer preferences to individual appliances.”
19 April 2017

4. Why Smart Grid? Drivers for SG
1.Rising costs of capital, raw materials, and labour
2.Aging infrastructure and workforce
3.Continuing national security concerns
4.Need for and viability of energy efficiency
caused by the expansion of the global
economy
5.Increasing awareness of environmental
issues, including global warming
19 April 2017

5. Why Smart Grid? Drivers for SG contd.
6.Regulatory pressures
7.Social pressures
8.Calls for energy efficiency
9.Growing demand for energy
10.Rising consumer expectations
11.Rapid innovations in Technology
19 April 2017

6. Energy, Environment & Sustainable Development – interlinked.
19 April 2017
Renewable Energy in Smart Grid
Energy, Environment & Sustainable Development – interlinked.
Coal (fossil) fuel – limited period
Reduce green house emissions & mitigate climate change.
Peak load management
Distributed Generation Systems connected to LT Distribution system (11kV)
Renewable energy sources-
Wind
Solar – Rooftop Photovoltaic
Other Distributed Generation systems based on Mini Hydro, & Bio mass
19 April 2017

7. Converters / Inverters – Grid Connectivity
Limitations of conventional Converters / Inverters
Higher Cost
Reduced Reliability
Serviceability
Modularity & Scalability
Standardizations
Efficiency
19 April 2017

8. Smart Grid requirements
19 April 2017
Smart Grid requirements
Courtesy : ABB
19 April 2017

9. increasing grid capacity
19 April 2017
Smart Grid requirements Applications supporting integration of electric vehicles
network management
load management
real time pricing
plug-in vehicles integration
charging
billing
increasing grid capacity
energy storage
plug in vehicles
Courtesy : ABB
19 April 2017

10. 19 April 2017
Smart Grid requirements Applications supporting reliability and efficiency
underground power cables
network management
cyber security
outage management
remote fault location
increasing grid capacity: asset utilization, power flow control
home automation/ demand response
load management/ demand response
substation and feeder automation
energy storage stationary & mobile
emergency power
peak power
meter data based outage management
grid operation with distributed generation
local balancing of distributed resources - Microgrids
Courtesy : ABB
19 April 2017

11. Energy recording, tariff and billing – to be reworked.
Integration Issues
Large number of DG units interconnection to conventional grid affects the stability.
Customer can also inject energy into grid- bidirectional flow of energy- energy meter shall support bidirectional flow of energy recording.
Energy recording, tariff and billing – to be reworked.
Real time monitoring and Control.
Smart Grid addresses above- convergence of Information and communication Technology
19 April 2017

12. Renewable – Grid Connectivity
Micro Grid
Inv/ Conv
Synch Switch
Inv/ Conv U
Inv/ Conv
Local Loads
Optional Storage / Fuel Cell Backup
Info Flow
Control Centre
Inv/ Con - Inverter /Converter With Controls
U – Utility Grid
19 April 2017

13. = Real-time communication
19 April 2017
FACTS
Substation
Distribution
ERP+
SCADA/
GMS
EMS/BMS
HVDC
DMS
ERP+ and Trading M
= Real-time communication
Operation
Utility operation and commercial structure - today
ERP, CRM, GIS, CMMS
Trading
Capacitor
Transmission
Generation
Commercial
Feeder
Switches
automation
19 April 2017

14. Generation Transmission Distribution Operation Commercial Micro Grid
19 April 2017
FACTS
WAMS
Distribution
ERP+
SCADA/
GMS
EMS/BMS
HVDC
ERP+ and trading M
= Real-time communication
= new real-time communications
= new applications
Operation
Utility operation and commercial structure – tomorrow
ERP, CRM, GIS, CMMS and demand response
Trading
Transmission
Generation
Commercial
Capacitor
Substation
automation
Feeder
DMS
Automation
Micro
Grid
switches
reclosers
19 April 2017

15. Standardization Issues
Various organizations (NIST, IEEE, IEC, BIS etc) are in the process of standardizing SG requirements – in various phases
Mostly involved with identifying the set of existing standards and revision wherever necessary
19 April 2017

16. IEEE Standard for SG
IEEE Standard 2030 ( Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability of Energy Technology and Information Technology operation with the Electric Power System (EPS) and End-Use Applications and Loads)
19 April 2017

17. IEC Standards (Distn)
IEC 61334: series (PLC/DLC communication) Distribution automation using distribution line carrier systems  
Distributed resources  IEC 61400: series for wind turbines 
IEC : for a building solar power supply 
IEC : series for small renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural installations 
IEC TS : General considerations for telecommunication services for electric power systems 
IEC :Photovoltaic (PV) systems - Characteristics of the utility interface 
 Metering  IEC 61334: series (PLC/DLC communication) Distribution automation using distribution line carrier systems  
IEC 62056: (Complete comm. Stacks for smart metering) Electricity metering - Data exchange for meter reading, tariff and load control
19 April 2017

18. Rooftop Photovoltaics
Grid Modernization
Today’s
Electricity …
Power park
Hydrogen Storage
Industrial DG
Tomorrow’s Choices …
Combined Heat and Power
Fuel Cell
e -
Wind Farms
Rooftop Photovoltaics
Remote Loads
Load as a resource
SMES
Smart Substation
19 April 2017

19. What India need to do?
Sensitise all stake holder about global developments.
Insist and mandate to procure equipment based on open standards
Work with National & International bodies driving SG concepts .
Standardise software / Hardware devices based on International standards ( Meter to Control Room) - No proprietary.
Implement Security standards
Software standarisation in distribution sector based on IEC / (EMS)
Go for few pilot projects covering large area as in other countries
Replace equipments not suitable for integration
19 April 2017

20. CPRI’s Services in Smart Grid
Offer consultancy in building Smart Grid system and testing & evaluation of subsystems of Smart Grid components.
AMI / Smart Grid Feasibility studies.
Technology & product assessments including communications technologies & Protocols.
Conformance test tool for IEC / DLMS/ Indian Companion compliant meters and developmental assistance.
Collaborative work in development / standardization of product, evaluation & testing of product and commercial / pilot scale deployment.
19 April 2017

21. Formation of SMART GRID KNOWLEDGE CENTRE IN CPRI
Review of current trends and Technologies
Formulation of Road map for Technology
absorption
Networking of stake holders with CPRI as nodal center
- Utilities and DISCOMS
- Manufacturers
- Research and test houses
- Academic institutions
Undertaking pilot projects
Providing assistance to Distribution Companies
19 April 2017

22. Questions ?
For any additional information, please do not hesitate to contact:
19 April 2017