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Christian Unger Director Corporate & Project Finance CEE

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1 Christian Unger Director Corporate & Project Finance CEE
Project Finance in Central & Eastern Europe: a Commercial Lender's View Christian Unger Director Corporate & Project Finance CEE November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

2 1 BA-CA – Member of UniCredit Group
Contents 1 BA-CA – Member of UniCredit Group 2 The Project Finance Market in CEE/ General Overview 3 Sector Snapshots and Case Studies Transport/Infrastructure Energy Processing Industries Telecommunications 4 International Market Perception 5 Co-ordinates November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

3 BA-CA – Member of UniCredit Group
Section 1 BA-CA – Member of UniCredit Group November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

4 The new truly European bank is present … UniCredit Group
in 20 countries where 140,000 employees serve more than 28 million customers via 7,000 offices November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

5 The new banking group in CEE in detail (all banks at 100%, as at December 2005)
Bank Pekao KFS / Kocbank Yapi Kredi Zagrebacka Banka Bulbank Zivnostenska Unibanka Unicredit Romania Koc Netherland Moskow Azerbaijan Ukraine Banks Total assets* (€ m) 14,528 6,887 14,037 8,358 1,860 1,527 1,266 672 324 591 534 74 27 9 48,919 Total IMB HVB Bank Latvia Bank Ukraine Bank Lithuania HVB Bank Tallin Branch Greece Branch Banks 2,654 303 147 435 n/a Total 3,539 Total assets* (€ m) Bank BPH HVB Bank Hungary Bank Czech Republic HVB Splitska banka Banca Tiriac Bank Biochim Bank Slovakia HVB Bank Romania BA-CA Slovenia Hebros Bank Eksimbanka Central Profit Banka HVB Bank Serbia+Montenegro Macedonia ( Rep. Office) Banks 13,200 3,839 4,689 2,807 625 1,000 1,683 1,057 1,251 314 156 379 194 n/a 31,194 Total Total assets* (€ m) UniCredit HVB /BA-CA UniCredit + HVB/BA-CA * Sum of countries may differ from Total because of netting off of consolidated item (e.g. Pekao Ukraine is consolidated within Pekao Group; Unicredit Zagrebacka consolidated within Zagrebacka Banka) and minor companies. All figures at 100% November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

6 The new UniCredit Group is the undisputed number 1 in CEE (data as at December 2005(1))
Net Profit (€ mln)(2) Assets (€ bln) No of branches Revenues (€ mln) Citigroup 14.8 176 237 n.a. OTP(4) 18.0(3) 16.9 576(3) 557 875(3) 786 1,715 Erste 33.3 418 1,245 1,420 SocGen 19.7 408 722 1,126 KBC 34.8 319 1,017 1,660 RZB 24.7 264 814 1,110 Intesa 16.4 242 498 826(5) UniCredit+ HVB+BA-CA (100% of all banks, including Yapi) 83.7 1,163 2,864 4,982 Source: UCI-FBD Economic Research; numbers calculated using average exchange rate except for Unicredit 100% of total assets and profit after tax for controlled companies (stake > 50%) and share owned for non controlled companies; 100% of branches and employees 2. After tax, before minority interest 3. Including proforma recently acquired Novabanka 4. Including OTP’s subsidiaries 5. Data on total revenues refer to contribution to Intesa’s consolidated results November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

7 The Project Finance Market in CEE
Section 2 The Project Finance Market in CEE November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

8 Regional Project Finance Activity 2000 - 2005
Global Project Finance volume reached USD 175bn in 2005 The Middle East continued to gain importance for Project Finance with a volume of USD 40.8bn and outpaced Eastern Europe & FSU Source: Project Finance Magazine (Euromoney) November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

9 Project Finance Transactions in CEE, Russia & CIS in 2005
Project Finance volume in CEE&NE amounted to USD 6.8bn in 2005 This represents only a minor fraction of the project finance loan volume in EMEA and globally (7.3% and 4.9% respectively) November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

10 Project Finance Transactions in CEE, Russia & CIS in 2005 (ctd.)
Infrastructure and Energy were the most important sectors in 2005 Hungary, Bulgaria, Turkey and Russia accounted for almost ¾ of the volume Source: PFI, BA-CA November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

11 Rules of the Game for Project Finance in CEE
Minimum size for international transactions is an overall project volume of approx. EUR 50m Financially strong and experienced sponsors required Local currency loans no longer restricted by legislation, however liquidity for longer tenors still limited in some countries Legal documentation mostly based on English law, security documents based on local law Well prepared projects run better chance of attracting commercial financing (feasibility study, business plan) Key issues for financing are risk / reward ratios, Basel II etc. Proper enforcement of requirements under “Equator Principles“ (environmental & social impact analysis) November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

12 Sector Snapshots and Case Studies - Transport/ Infrastructure
Section 3 Sector Snapshots and Case Studies - Transport/ Infrastructure November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

13 Huge investment needs Quality of a nation’s infrastructure is a key determinant of its ability to grow and to attract FDI Due to historical underinvestment the quality of CEE infrastructure, especially transportation infrastructure is often poor Huge investment needs, however limitations on increasing public sector debt due to relatively low GDP per capita, IMF, OECD and EU Stability Pact Should provide for a solid basis for increased use of private sector finance and PPPs for infrastructure projects in the region November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

14 Closed project financed road transactions in CSEE
Project name Country PF Volume/Year A2 Motorway Project Poland EUR 235 m / 2001 A 4 Motorway Project Poland EUR 100 m / 2005 Istrian Motorway – Bina Istra Croatia EUR 272 m / 2003 Zagreb to Macelj Toll Motorway Croatia EUR 312 m / 2004 M6 Toll Motorway Hungary EUR 425 m / 2005 M5 Motorway Refinancing and Extension Hungary EUR 900 m / 2005 November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

15 The inglorious past Launch of concession programs in the absence of suitable legislation Uncertainties as to complex and time-consuming expropriation, permit and consent procedures Lack of sufficiently empowered decision-making bodies/political instability Full demand (traffic) risk transfer to the private sector (M1/M15) High level of development costs due to lack of standardized procedures Easy access to pre-accession funds and EIB/EBRD funding - no need to explore private financing options November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

16 Lessons learned Establishment of PPP task forces to ensure standardization of planning and implementation procedures on the national level Importance of external advisors to government authorities Focus on smaller pilot projects Introduction of a more favorable legal environment (“PPP-laws”) Shift away from the full transfer of demand/traffic risks to the private sector Focus on availability based revenue/payments mechanisms focusing on availability-, performance- and security-linked criteria November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

17 Infrastructure sector focus
Transport infrastructure Most attractive sector due to large volume deals and promising pipeline Utilities / Water / Waste Focus on water and waste treatment projects on municipal level Smaller project volumes Local financing components Strong IFI involvement, especially from EBRD Social infrastructure (schools, hospitals, prisons) Minor activities due to lack of political will and/or suitable legal environment Preparatory activities in Hungary and Czech Republic School / Accommodation PPP- projects on muni-level, e.g. in Croatia, Estonia November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

18 Transport infrastructure sub-sectors
Seaports Growth in containerised traffic stimulates investments in container terminal facilities Medium - sized projects In the context of privatisation Regional focus: Poland, Russia, Baltics, Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine Airports Capital airports terminal extension financing - mainly corporate, large volume deals, investment grade borrowers, strong EIB involvement ( e.g. Prague Airport, Warsaw Airport) Most prominent project finance type, concession-based transactions have been closed in Turkey (Istanbul, Ankara, Dalaman) Upcoming privatisations offer potential for BOT-type, concession based project finance transactions (e.g. Bourgas-Varna, Zagreb, Belgrade) November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

19 Transport infrastructure sub-sectors (ctd.)
Railway infrastructure National railway companies: financing based on direct or implicit state guarantee “Local flavour” (legal environment, politics) limits potential for international syndications Privatisation of cargo business, impacts of liberalisation No PPP-type railway infrastructure projects (e.g. high-speed railways, metro expansion) realised yet, although often discussed over years (e.g. Prague Airport railway link) Road / Motorway projects Trend towards traffic risk assumption by the public sector (PFI-type availability based revenue schemes – M 5 and M 6 Hungary) Availability fees provide for predictable stable revenue and cash flow streams Perception of greater political risks in SEE -countries should allow for negotiating a lender friendly risk allocation as compared to mature Western European markets (e.g. permitting, change in law and especially compensation on concession termination regime) Concession periods of 20 to 30 years result in need for long debt maturities of 15 to 20 years + Deal Pipeline: D1 Motorway - SK, A2 2nd phase – Poland, D3 Motorway - CZ, Horgos-Pozega Motorway – Serbia; preparatory activities: Russia, Bulgaria, B&H November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

20 Project Finance / PPP-Facility for the Zagreb – Macelj Motorway in Croatia
28 year concession for design, construction, operation, maintenance and financing of a 60 km toll motorway from Zagreb to the Slovenian border at Macelj Project economics benefit from strong commitment of the Republic of Croatia Financed as PPP on a limited-recourse project finance basis with EUR 60 m equity and EUR 312 m bank debt Debt financing was structured to benefit to the maximum from risk coverage available from the Federal Republic of Germany and involves 4 separate facilities Borrower: Autocesta Zagreb Macelj d.o.o., Croatia Sponsor: Strabag (Walter Bau), Republic of Croatia (non-recourse) Loan Amount: EUR 312 m Type + Term: EUR 100 m Hermes Facility (tenor 15 years) EUR 100 m GKA Facility ( tenor 17 years) EUR 100 m Long-term Commercial facility (tenor 16 years) EUR 12 m Dual-Currency Working Capital Facility (tenor 16 years) Security: Project finance type security package , Hermes + GKA risk cover Mandated Lead Arrangers: BA-CA , HVB, KfW, HSH Participants: Banca Opi, Calyon, Depfa, Dexia, Erste Bank, Fortis, KBC, Natexis, NordLB, OeVAG, Zagrebacka Banka November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

21 Contractual Overview Republic of Croatia (RoC) Fed. Rep. of Germany
Concession Agreement Traffic Shortfall Agreement Hermes Cover GKA Cover 49 % 51 % STRABAG Bank Consortium Bank Debt Construction Contract Operation & Maintenance Agreement Pyhrn Motorway GmbH Trans-Ceste doo Egis November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

22 Sector Snapshots and Case Studies - Energy
Section 3 Sector Snapshots and Case Studies - Energy November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

23 Obstacles & Opportunities
Many existing operations unprofitable and inefficient Tariff governance and legislation not always transparent Long payback periods Cross subsidies with other energy sources Insufficient project preparation Opportunities Power sector still attractive for many financial institutions Significant rehabilitation and new generation needs Environmental policies - Renewable Energy Innovative financing structures involving multisourcing (ECAs, CO2 certificates, hedging instruments etc.) November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

24 Project Finance for the construction and operation of a Windpark Farm in Sibenik, Croatia
BA-CA as Sole Mandated Arranger and Agent for the first Project financed Wind-Farm in Croatia Construction of new 11.2 MW wind power capacity using Enercon E48 Location on Dalmatian Coast and developed by German Sponsors Power purchase agreement with national power company Borrower: Vjetoelektrana Trtar-Krtlin d.o.o., Loan Amount: Tranche 1: EUR 10m Tranche 2: EUR 3m Term: Tranche 1: 14 years Tranche 2: 9 months Security: Share and account pledges, Assigment of all project contracts, LOC by sponsors Sole Mandated Arranger: Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG Co-Arranger and Security Agent: Zagrebacka banka, Zagreb (BACA-group) Advisors (to banks): Josip Madirazza (attorney at law), Energetski Institut Hrvoje Pozar (technical advisor) November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

25 Sector Snapshots and Case Studies – Processing Industries
Section 3 Sector Snapshots and Case Studies – Processing Industries November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

26 Opportunities for Project Finance
Wood based industries (Pulp, Paper, Wood Processing): Sponsors trying to benefit from cost advantages (labour, energy) in a highly competitive market with pressure on margins International players looking for (more) favourable and secured supply of wood as major raw material Proximity to growing emerging markets Large volume expansion & green-field projects to be expected Metals & Mining: Growing demand for metals Shortage of certain raw materials for the metals industry (e.g. alumina, coking coal, etc.) CIS countries as major resource base for various raw materials (further) large volume expansion and green-field projects in the metals & mining industry (e.g. bauxite/alumina, coking coal, gold, etc.) will come up in the near future; November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

27 Project Finance Facility for the construction and commissioning of a paper mill and connected pulp mill in the Czech Republic Largest project financing in the paper industry in CEE in 2005 BA-CA as Mandated Lead Arranger and Security Agent of the subject project financing The paper mill will produce uncoated publication paper, for both Czech and international printing and publishing houses Total investment will be EUR 450m Borrower: Labe Papir s.r.o., Czech Republic Sponsor: Myllykoski Corporation, Finland Loan Amount: EUR 275 m Term: 13 years, repayment cash-flow based (incl. cash sweep mechanism) Security: Pledge on all project assets, credit and cost overrun guarantee provided by the Sponsor until project completion Joint Mandated Lead Arrangers: Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG (’BA-CA’), Nordea Bank Finland Plc Security Agent: BA-CA Participants: HSH Nordbank AG, Den Danske, NordLB-Group, IKB, LBBW, WGZ, Handelsbank Advisors (to banks): Hengeler Mueller (legal), Jaakko Pöyry (feasibility study) November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

28 Sector Snapshots and Case Studies - Telecommunications
Section 3 Sector Snapshots and Case Studies - Telecommunications November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

29 Sector Focus / Business Opportunities
Liberalisation of markets, increasing competition, decreasing prices Mobile penetration rate in CEE/CIS increased substantially in 2005 and reached 65% on average Highest growth rates in Russia, Ukraine and CIS Further growth mainly through broadband services (both in fixed line and wireless sectors) Business Opportunities Mainly non recourse financing for rollout of broadband networks based on new technologies (WiMax etc.) November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

30 Project Finance Facility for Telemobil S.A.
As first project financing to a CDMA operator in Europe the transaction can be considered as a mile-stone transaction in the Telecom sector Telemobil, operating under the brand name „Zapp“ is Romania‘s youngest mobile operator and the first telecom company in the world using a digital wireless network based on CDMA2000 technology in the 450 MHz band In April 2004 BA-CA and RZB have been mandated to arrange a 5½ year USD 40m Senior Project Finance Facility which has been structured as a club deal Borrower: Telemobil S.A. (Romania), operating under the brand name „Zapp“ Sponsor: Qualcomm and Omnia Holdings LTD Loan Amount: USD 40m Senior Project Finance Facility, thereof: - USD 35m Term Loan Facility and - USD 5m Revolving Working Capital Facility Term: 5 ½ years Security: PF-type incl. assignment of selected receivables, account pledges etc. Role of BACA: Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG „Mandated Lead Arranger“ and „Co-ordinator“ Other Banks: „Mandated Lead Arrangers“ Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG Raiffeisen Bank S.A. „Facility Agent“ Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG „Security Agent“ HVB Bank Romania S.A. Advisors (to banks): Clifford Chance and Badea Associati (legal), Arthur DLittle (market/business plan) November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

31 Summary / Outlook Project Finance stays a central product in order to provide an integrated solution to the needs of clients Project Finance volume in CEE, Russia & CIS is a small percentage of Project Finance/Structured Finance volume in EMEA and worldwide Project Finance in the region will continue to play an important role in selected sectors While many companies have evolved beyond the Project Finance-stage, Project Finance tools, sector knowledge and structuring expertise remain important for structured financings of all kinds in the region Project/Structured Financings are here to stay for years before the industries in the region mature and stabilise to see the financing mix shift more towards straight corporate lending in the long run November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

32 BA-CA International Market Perception
Section 4 BA-CA International Market Perception November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

33 Recognised by the market
Best Project Finance House in CEE July 2005 Best Loan House in CEE July 2005 Best Project Finance Bank in CEE November 2005 Best Project Finance House December 2005 November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

34 International Market Perception
CEE – Project Finance League Table 2005 Number 1 in terms of volume Rank Group 1 BA-CA (member of UniCredit Group) Central Eastern Europe & Baltic States, excl. Russia Data Source: Project Finance International - Thomson Financial November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

35 International Market Perception (ctd.)
Top Mandated Arrangers of Syndicated Facilities 01/01/2005 to 31/12/2005 Eastern Europe (# of deals) Market Rank Group # of deals Share 2001 2002 2003 2004 1 BA-CA / HVB Group* 55 4.75% BA-CA/HVB Group JP Morgan Citigroup Citigroup 2 RZB 49 2.69% Deutsche Bank DrKW BA-CA/HVB Group BA-CA/HVB Group 3 ING Group 47 4.89% ING Group BA-CA/HVB Group BNP Paribas KBC Group 4 Citigroup 46 9.91% WestLB SG WestLB BayernLB 5 Commerzbank 32 1.91% Citigroup ABN AMRO ABN Amro Sumitomo Mitsui 6 ABN AMRO 30 9.11% Bayer. LB Citigroup SG RZB 7 Calyon 30 3.50% KBC Deutsche Bank ING HSBC Banking Group 8 Standard Bank 29 1.62% RZB BNP Paribas KBC BNP Paribas 9 BayernLB 27 3.29% EBRD WestLB Deutsche Bank ING Group 10 Mitsubishi UFJ 27 2.17% Mizuho FG ING Group RZB Mizuho Financial Group Source: LPC, January 2006 * thereof 40 Mandates granted to BA-CA BA-CA is an excellent brand name in loan syndication in CEE and through strong relationship with domestic CEE and international banks ensuring a solid basis for successful placement of transactions. November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

36 Section 5 Co-ordinates November 22nd 2006
Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

37 Contacts for further information
Martin Handrich Managing Director Head of Corporate & Project Finance CEE P.O. Box 35, A-1011 Vienna Member of A Vienna Schottengasse 6 Phone +43 (0) Mobile +43(0) 664/ Fax +43 (0) Wilfried Senft Deputy Managing Director Head of Debt Structuring Corporate & Project Finance CEE P.O. Box 35, A-1011 Vienna Member of A Vienna Schottengasse 6 Phone +43 (0) Mobile +43(0) 664/ Fax +43 (0) Christian Unger Director Corporate & Project Finance CEE P.O. Box 35, A-1011 Vienna A Vienna Schottengasse 6 Phone +43 (0) Mobile +43(0) 664/ Fax +43 (0) Member of November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG

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39 Disclaimer November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG
The information in this publication is based on carefully selected sources believed to be reliable but we do not make any representation as to its accuracy or completeness. Any opinions herein reflect our judgement at this date and are subject to change without notice. Any investments discussed or recommended in this report may be unsuitable for investors depending on their specific investment objectives and financial position. Any reports provided herein are provided for general information purposes only and cannot substitute the obtaining of independent financial advice. Private investors should obtain the advice of their banker/broker about any investments concerned prior to making them. Nothing in this publication is intended to create contractual obligations on the UniCredit Markets & Investment Banking Division ("UMIB Division") composed of (the respective divisions of) Bayerische Hypo- und Vereinsbank AG, Munich, Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG, Vienna and UniCredit Banca Mobiliare S.p.A., Milan and certain of their subsidiaries. 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We and/or members of the UMIB Division may act as investment bankers and/or commercial bankers for issuers of securities mentioned, be represented on the board of such issuers and/or engage in "market making" of such securities. We and/or members of the UMIB Division may also, from time to time, have a consulting relationship with a company being reported upon. Any investments discussed or recommended in any report provided herein may be unsuitable for investors depending on their specific investment objectives and financial position. Any information provided herein is provided for general information purposes only and cannot substitute the obtaining of independent financial advice. Nothing in this publication is intended to create contractual obligations on any of the entitites composing the Unicredit Markets & Investment Banking Division. Bayerische Hypo- und Vereinsbank AG, London branch is regulated by FSA for the conduct of investment business in the UK. 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Factors that could cause a company's actual results and financial condition to differ from its expectations include, without limitation: political uncertainty, changes in economic conditions that adversely affect the level of demand for the company‘s products or services, changes in foreign exchange markets, changes in international and domestic financial markets, competitive environments and other factors relating to the foregoing. All forward-looking statements contained in this report are qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. UniCredit Markets & Investment Banking Division Bayerische Hypo- und Vereinsbank AG, Munich; UniCredit Banca Mobiliare S.p.A., Milan; Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG, Vienna; CA IB Corporate Finance GmbH; CA IB International Markets AG November 22nd 2006 Bank Austria Creditanstalt AG


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