1. An Academic Data Center Build Out at the University of Michigan Paul Killey paul@umich.edu Net@EDU Tempe, AZ Feb 5 2007

2. Copyright Text is copyright Paul Killey 2007. This work is the intellectual property of the author. Permission is granted for this material to be shared for non-commercial, educational purposes, provided that this copyright statement appears on the reproduced materials and notice is given that the copying is by permission of the author. To disseminate otherwise or to republish requires written permission from the author. Photos are copyright 2006-2007 the Regents of the University of Michigan. For information, questions, or permission requests for the photos please contact the Computer Aided Engineering Network at the University of Michigan: 2170 Duderstadt Center Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 caen@umich.edu (734) 936-3565

3. Caveats Cost and budget information is what I understand it to be as of this presentation. The situation it describes is still very dynamic and these figures and underlying assumptions could still easily change. There is some cost sharing in the facility between the University of Michigan and other building occupants which is not fully described here.

4. The Building The MITC building is not a U-Mich building. U-Mich has a fifteen year lease with two optional five-year extensions. The data center was built-out as a leasehold improvement. The data center is in a 10,000 sq ft space in the lower (basement) level. U-Mich has an 85% share.

6. Capital and Operating Expenses Overall project construction cost of $18M Maintenance of the major equipment in the data center (generators, flywheels, CRAC units, etc.) is estimated at $300K / year. $220K / year in rent. $200K / year in facility staff. $100K in annual network maintenance. $1.8M / year electricity when full.

10. Power 2 MW for computers, 2 MW to cool; 4 MW total. Flywheels and three 2 MW diesel generators. Single power feed to the property, dual feed from the property line to each of 9 PDUs. Power to circuit breaker panels and racks is single cord –Could run additional circuits for dual-cord applications that may arise. When averaged across the floor: –200 w/sf –30 sf/r –6 kW per rack Actual: 240 w/sf over the west half and 160 w/sf over the east half.

11. Cooling 16 traditional CRAC units force air underneath the raised floor. 78 Liebert XDO and XDV units overhead. A common glycol loop connects to eight dry coolers on the roof. At full load two of the CRAC units and two of the dry coolers are redundant and the glycol loop contains two parallel pathways with crossover valves at regular intervals.

15. New Costs Quality –UPS –Redundancy –Appropriate space and environmentals Quantity –4 MW of power –10,000 square feet Dedicated facility staff Moving to “lights-out” management

16. Barriers Paying for things twice –I have three years of use left in my 30 w/sf room with the leaky ceiling. Not all resources are (easily) fungible –Some period of time may be needed for a non- wrenching resource reallocation. Lack of awareness of need or value. –Why do you need a data center? Don’t you have a laptop? Newly Visible (maybe unfamiliar) Costs v. Hidden Costs

17. How Does This Change Things? Makes computing an institutional activity and issue. Why did you need the space in the first place? –Smaller unrelated activities were not going to gain critical mass. –Competitiveness –Business case

18. What Did We Just Buy? Productivity –Capital instead of labor –Improved process –Greater efficiency –Lower per unit costs New Capability –Aggregation –Collaboration

19. How to Justify, Get Buy-in, and $$ This needs to be sustainable after X years. Minimize barriers. Buffer or ramp up new costs. Pay for unused capacity. –Who covers fixed costs that are not sensitive to usage. How to allocate shares of fixed costs? How to allocate variable costs?

20. Existing and New Funds Reallocate existing funding streams –Faculty startup packages –Sponsored research, including equipment grants. –Donations –Construction projects that do not have to provide local data center or machine rooms. Find new opportunities –Research –Regional partners –Economic development –Aggregating “spend”