1. The life of Pierre Trudeau
Mishka Nizar and Zack Secord
Mr. Keery
Grade 10 History
The life of Pierre Trudeau
"I believe a constitution can permit the co-existence of several cultures and ethnic groups with a single state." --  Trudeau, September 30, 1965

2. Pierre Trudeau’s Early Years
Born October 18, 1919 in Montreal, Joseph Philippe Pierre Ives Elliott Trudeau was the son of a Francophone father and Scottish mother
As a boy, Trudeau was shy and skinny - some even called him "sickly" - but what he lacked in prowess, he more than made up for with intelligence
Pierre earned a law degree at the University of Montreal, and a master's in political economy at Harvard
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3. The Start of Trudeau’s Career
When Trudeau came back to Canada, he was a different person
He had had the honor of traveling abroad, and politics were his main focus and goal
He took a job as a n advisor to the Privy Council in Ottawa and became a vocal supporter of workers involved in the Asbestos Strike in 1949 Quebec
He was a very harsh critic of the ultra-conservative Union National regime headed by Quebec premier Maurice Duplessis, and when he helped to found the progressive intellectual journal Cité Libre, he could air his grievances and anti-nationalist sentiments to the public
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In 1965, he found a better place for his political views
He taught law at the University of Montréal and was invited with his former colleague from Cité Libretto and ran as a Liberal candidate in the federal election
He was dubbed the three wise men (Trudeau, March, and and Pelletier ) and won places in government that term
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They won their seats, and in April 1967, Trudeau became Minister of Justice
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6. Alongside Lester B. Pearson
Since Pierre Trudeau was very smart, he had an ambitious head on his shoulders
He became Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson’s parliamentary secretary, then his justice minister
Since he was entrusted with reforming the Criminal Code, there was controversy when he changed divorce laws and liberalized laws regarding abortion, and homosexuality
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When explaining his decisions, Trudeau told reporters "The state has no place in the bedrooms of the nation."
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8. “Trudeaumania”
Teenage girls swooned and screamed at Trudeau's public appearances
A gang of middle-aged autograph seekers even chased him across the Parliament Hill grounds
When Trudeau ran for the Liberal leadership in 1968, he became Canada's 15th prime minister
Two months later, he won a majority government in a general election
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9. Official Languages Act
In 1969, Trudeau told Canadaians he believed in “two official languages and a pluralist society.”
He created the Official Languages Act, which served two purposes of giving civil servants the choice to speak in English, or French
This protected Francophones' rights to speak French anywhere in Canada
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10. An October Crisis
In 1970, things got tough for Trudeau
The Front de Libération du Quebec (the FLQ), a group of terrorists fighting for separatism, kidnapped British diplomat James Cross and Quebec cabinet minister Pierre Laporte
Trudeau was angered by the FLQ and took drastic steps to stop them
Trudeau invoked the War Measures Act in the early hours of October 16, 1970
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The Act gave the government permission to temporarily suspend the Canadian Bill of Rights and make hundreds of arrests if necessary
The FLQ responded to the government's actions by murdering Laporte
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12. The Seventies
Things were peaceful in 1971, and Trudeau found time to secretly wed Margaret Sinclair, the 22-year-old flower child daughter of a former Liberal cabinet minister
Things got worse for Trudeau when he went through a very public separation from Margaret, following a wild night when she ran off with the Rolling Stones
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13. The End of a Bad Patch
After he was elected to a minority government once more in 1979, Trudeau announced his resignation from politics, a move that was out of character for a man who believed in ending things with a bang not a whimper
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14. He Comes Back
Only a few months into his retirement, Trudeau was called back to government after Prime Minister Joe Clark lost a vote of confidence
Winning a majority government in 1980, Trudeau returned to his federalist cause
In May 1980, René Lévesque would be holding a referendum on sovereignty-association, effectively asking Quebecers to separate from Canada
In a series of characteristically passionate, cutting speeches, Trudeau swayed the public's vote to "No," and when the referendum took place, 60 per cent of Canadians were against separatism
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15. The Constitution
In 1980, Trudeau began working to achieve this most ambitious foal: to create a new, Canadaian-controled Constitution
He wanted to include a Charter of Canadian Rights and Freedoms in the Constitution, one that would ensure individual rights were protected within a large, government-ruled country
When Queen Elizabeth II came to Canada on April 17, 1982 to proclaim Canada's new Constitution, it was the crowning moment for Trudeau
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16. Final Years as Prime Minister
Despite his Constitution glory, Trudeau was, for the first time, no longer fashionable
Unemployment was on the rise, inflation was still high, the deficit still huge and Trudeau introduced a National Energy Program that was widely loathed
In his final years as prime minister, Trudeau devoted his energies to global matters, launching his own peace initiative in 1983
Following what he described as a "long walk in the snow," Trudeau made a very important decision to resign from Politics in February of 1984
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17. Out of the Public Eye, but not Forgotten
Whenever Trudeau chose to speak publicly about an issue, Canadians still listened intently
The Canadians had great respect for him and his mind of knowledge
He was diagnosed with prostate cancer in September 2000
The unprecedented public outpouring of grief that followed proved that no matter whether they loved or hated him, Canadians never grew tired of watching Trudeau
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18. Videos of Pierre Trudeau

19. Bibliography