2. Biochemistry Dehydration and Hydrolysis Reactions

3. Introduction All living things made of elements C, H, O, NP, SOthers

4. Carbon – Organic Chemistry Forms 4 covalent bonds Energy is stored in covalent bonds Carbon can form large stable chains or rings or chains of rings

5. Polymerization Polymer - Large molecule made of many parts Monomer- Subunit or building block for Polymer

6. Breaking and Forming Polymers Dehydration Synthesis –“take water out” –Joining monomers to add polymers by adding water Hydrolysis –“break using water” –Breaking polymers into monomers by adding water

7. Dehydration Synthesis Monosaccharides Disaccharide Polysaccharide

8. Dehydration Synthesis

9. Small molecules are joined together to form larger molecules Energy is used Water is released H2OH2O

10. Dehydration Synthesis Small molecules are joined together to form larger molecules Energy is used Water is released

11. Hydrolysis

12. Large molecules are broken apart to produce smaller molecules Energy is released Water is used to split the bond H 2 O

13. Hydrolysis Large molecules are broken apart to produce smaller molecules Energy is released Water is used to split the bond

14. Protein formation…Hydrolysis or Dehydration? Monomer –Amino Acid Polymer –Polypeptide Bond –Peptide

15. Protein formation…Hydrolysis or Dehydration?