1. Chapter 11 Study Guide Key Assessment Date: Thursday, April 23 rd

2. People to Know and Vocabulary: Cicero- A gifted speaker and lawyer in Ancient Rome who wanted power to be taken from people like Julius Caesar and given back to the senate. Caesar- A brilliant war general for Rome who took over and declared himself “Dictator for Life.” Octavian/Augustus- Caesar’s adopted son and heir. After a feud with Marc Antony, he becomes the first emperor of Rome. Marc Antony- Caesar’s former assistant who helped hunt down his killers with Octavian.

3. People to Know and Vocabulary: Goths- People who were being attacked by the Huns and fled into the Roman Empire. They eventually attack the Romans as well. Huns- Fierce warriors from Central Asia who attacked the Roman Empire. Diocletian- The emperor of Rome who split the empire into two and ruled the east. Justinian- An emperor of the eastern empire who helped spread Byzantine culture. Constantine- The first Christian Roman emperor who reunited the empire and moved the capital to the east. Corruption- The decay of values (bribery, threats, in gov’t)

4. Concepts: Julius Caesar/End of the Republic What are specific things that Caesar did to gain power in Rome? (11.1 Magnet Notes) He gave speeches where he promised to fix Rome’s problems. He fed the poor and threw parties for the rich. He was a general who took over Gaul for Rome. He made an alliance with Pompey and Crassus.

5. Who was Pompey, what ended up happening to him? (11.1 Magnet Notes) He was a general in Rome who made an alliance with Caesar and Crassus to rule. The senate wanted him to take over, but Caesar brought his army in to Rome to challenge him and Pompey fled. He was killed in Egypt by an Egyptian King.

6. Why was Caesar killed? 3 main guesses: 1. The senate was jealous of his popularity over them. 2. The senate wanted him out of the picture because they thought he would want to become the king of Rome. 3. He might have walked into his death because he wanted to be remembered.

7. External causes for the fall of Rome: Barbarian Invasions- barbarians were anyone from outside of the empire. Disease- came in from outside of the empire.

8. Internal Reasons Lead Poisoning- caused the elite to slowly lose sanity. Disease- killed off the people of Rome. Size- Rome was too big to govern and communication was hard. Taxes- the poor suffered from constant high taxes to pay for their military budget. Corruption- Dishonest leaders would cheat and bribe to get what they wanted.