1. Dr. Shahzadi Tayyaba Hashmi
DNT 353
TOPICAL FLUORIDES
Dr. Shahzadi Tayyaba Hashmi

2. Topical Fluorides DEFINITION
Topical fluoride therapy refers to the use of systems containing relatively large concentrations of fluoride that are applied locally or topically to erupted tooth surfaces to prevent the formation of dental caries

4. Classification Operator administered: Fluoride solutions
Sodium fluoride 2 %
Stannous fluoride 8%
Fluoride gels
Acidulated phosphate fluoride ( APF)
Fluoride varnishes
Self administered:
Fluoride dentifrices
Sodium fluoride
Fluoride mouth rinses

5. Operator
administered

6. Methods of Application
Fluoride solutions:
Method of application of sodium fluoride in a dental clinic:
Initially, cleaning and polishing of the teeth is done
An upper and lower quadrants are isolated with cotton rolls
Teeth are dried thoroughly
2% NaF is applied with cotton applicators and is permitted to dry in the teeth for about 4 minutes
Procedure is repeated for the remaining quadrants
After completion, patient is instructed to avoid eating, drinking or rinsing for 30 minutes
Second, third and fourth applications are done at weekly intervals

7. Recommended Ages Advantages: Disadvantages:
Full series of four treatment is recommended at
ages 3, 7, 11, 13
Advantages:
Accepted taste
Stable if stored in a plastic container
Disadvantages:
Four visits relatively at short period of time

8. Fluoride application in a dental clinic

9. Methods of application
2. Fluoride varnishes:
Two most commonly used fluoride varnishes are
Duraphat ( NaF varnish)
Fluorprotector ( Silane fluoride)
Method of application of fluoride varnishes
In dental clinic:
Oral prophylaxis
Teeth are dried
Teeth are not isolated with cotton rolls as varnish has a tendency to stick to cotton
The application is done first on lower arch as saliva collects more rapidly around it, and then on upper arch
Application of varnish is done with single tufted small brush
After application, patient is made to sit with mouth open for 4 minutes
Patient is instructed not to rinse or drink anything at all for one hour and not to eat anything solids
Patient can take liquids and semi solids only till next morning

10. Self
administered

12. Dentifrices Definition: Availability:
Dentifrice is defined as a substance used with a toothbrush for the purpose of cleaning the accessible surfaces of the teeth
Availability:
Dentifrices are available as tooth powders, toothpastes, liquids and gels
They are either cosmetic or therapeutic

13. Dentifrice ingredients
Abrasives ( 20-40%)
Water (20-40%)
Humectants (20-40%)
Foaming agent ( 1-2%)
Binding agent ( 2%)
Flavoring agent (2%)
Sweetening agent (2%)
Therapeutic agent (2%)
Coloring agent or preservatives (1%)

14. Dentifrice Ingredients
Abrasives:
Calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate were the most common abrasives used
Abrasives dull the tooth surface, so to compensate for this, polishing agents usually added
Humectants:
Are added to maintain the moisture
Sorbitol, mannitol and propylene glycol are the most common humectants
Maintains the consistency of toothpastes
Flavoring agents:
Provides an immediate taste sensation
Relatively long-lasting flavor
Preservative:
Benzoic acid is used as a preservative to prevent bacterial growth

15. Fluoride mouth rinses
Mouth rinsing is a practical and effective means for self-application of fluoride
Helps in reduction of dental caries and halitosis

16. Thank you