1. Energy Transformation Phy. Sci. 1

2. Law of Conservation of Matter The Law of Conservation of Matter states that matter can change in form as a result of physical and chemical changes No matter is created or destroyed and the overall mass of the matter does not change. 2

3. Kinetic and Potential Energy All energy can be classified into two categories: A. kinetic B. Potential 3

4. Kinetic and Potential Energy Kinetic energy is energy resulting from the motion of an object The amount of kinetic energy an object has is determined by the mass of the object and the speed of the object. 4

5. Kinetic and Potential Energy Kinetic energy= ½ x mass x velocity (2) KE= ½ mv(2) 5

6. Kinetic and Potential Energy Potential energy is stored energy An object has potential energy because of its position or composition 6

7. Kinetic and Potential Energy Potential energy= mass x height PE= M x H Potential energy stored in an object can change into kinetic energy 7

8. Energy Transformations Energy can be transformed or changed from one form to another Energy transformations are part of your daily life. 8

9. Energy Transformations Plants convert electromagnetic energy from sunlight into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis 9

10. Energy Transformations When you eat vegetables, you body converts some of the stored chemical energy into thermal energy to maintain your body temperature and mechanical energy to enable you to move 10

11. Energy Transformations Chemical energy stored in fuels, such as logs, is converted to electromagnetic energy and thermal energy 11

12. Energy Transformations Stars like the sun convert nuclear energy into electromagnetic energy and thermal energy. 12

13. Energy Transformations The energy in vegetables you eat is stored in the vegetables as chemical energy The energy in fuels also is stored chemical energy * This energy is released when the fuels are burned 13

14. The Law of Conservation of Energy No matter how energy is transformed, energy itself is not made or destroyed. Law of Conservation of Energy states while energy may change from one form to another, energy is neither created nor destroyed 14

15. The Law of Conservation of Energy In some energy conversions energy may appear to be lost or destroyed This occurs because energy transfers are never completely efficient 15

16. The Law of Conservation of Energy When energy is transferred from one object to another or when an object hits the ground Some energy is usually released as thermal energy (heat) 16

17. The Law of Conservation of Energy Friction is responsible for this apparent energy loss. Friction is present any time two objects are in contact with one another 17

18. The Law of Conservation of Energy When you roll a ball across a floor, the ball comes to a stop because of friction between the ball and the floor 18

19. The Law of Conservation of Energy A swing pendulum eventually stops because of air resistance Air resistance is a form of friction that opposes the motion of an object moving through air 19