1. Chemical Bonding

2. Chemical Bond A force that holds two or more atoms together
This happens because atoms prefer to have a full outer shell
Atoms can share, lose, or gain valence electrons

3. Atoms want to be STABLE
Atoms are stable when their outer most energy level is full
Unstable atoms have spaces in their outer energy level
All atoms are unstable alone except for which group?
Noble Gases
Because most are unstable alone, they combine with others to become stable

4. How will we represent bonds?
How do atoms Bond?
Ionic bonds
Covalent bonds
By using Lewis Dot Diagrams
Only concerned with valence electrons!!
How will we represent bonds?

5. Question
Which electrons are we concerned with during bonding?

6. Lewis Dot Diagram Refresher
Draw the diagram for:
Beryllium
Aluminum
Tin
Bismuth
Radon

7. Ionic Bonds
When atoms become stable by either giving or taking electrons from another atom
Most often a metal and a non-metal bond
Neutral atom- if # of protons and # of electrons are equal
Ion- an atom that has gained or lost electrons
Ions have electrical charges

8. Question Most of the atoms on the periodic table are neutral. (T/F)
Most of the time, which two types of elements are bonding together in an ionic bond?(metal and non-metal/ non-metal and non-metal/ metal and metal)

9. Ions Cation- an atom that loses electrons
Have positive charges
Na+
Anion- an atom that gains electrons
Have negative charges
Cl-
Opposites Attract!!
Atoms with opposite charges bond together

10. Question What is an ion? O ++ is an example of (anion/cation)
How/why do ionic bonds form?

12. Covalent Bonds
When two atoms share their outer energy level by sharing a pair of electrons
Most often a non-metal and a non-metal bond
Both atoms keep their valence electrons
Charges don’t change, but they become stable