1. Broadcast Media : Digital Radio and Television

2. Social & Ethical Aspects Digital Radio Digital Television IT systems in a social context Digital Radio Digital Television Areas Of Impact Digital Radio Digital Television News Article Digital Radio Digital Television

3. News Article – Digital Radio Back WhoBMW. What Offers options for cars to have a Digital Radio. Where Why Digital Radio is getting popular. How Charging an Extra $500.

4. News Article – Digital Television Back Who Pensioners and people with significant disabilities What Pensioners and people with significant disabilities will need substantial help to switch to digital television. WhereUK Why The switch may not be affordable for others. How The BBC will pay for help for the over-75s and people with significant disabilities.

5. Social Issues – Digital Radio Back Issues Social Impact Social Impact Stakeholders

6. Social & Ethical Aspects – Digital Radio Back Stakeholders Listeners Listeners Broadcasters Broadcasters AdvantagesDisadvantages Listeners Better reception, not affected by area coverage & atmospheric conditions, e.g. Hill or basement. Better reception, not affected by area coverage & atmospheric conditions, e.g. Hill or basement. Ease of use, no problems with tuning and stations can be selected at a click of a button Ease of use, no problems with tuning and stations can be selected at a click of a button Scrolling text, people can find out what they’re listening to while listening to the radio. Scrolling text, people can find out what they’re listening to while listening to the radio. There are lots more stations to choose from. There are lots more stations to choose from. Digital radios are more sophisticated and often include extra functions, such as being able to pause and record. Digital radios are more sophisticated and often include extra functions, such as being able to pause and record. Listeners won't be able to pick up local stations using satellite radio services, but they will have access to hundreds of stations offering a variety of music genres. Listeners won't be able to pick up local stations using satellite radio services, but they will have access to hundreds of stations offering a variety of music genres. Expensive to buy the equipment. Expensive to buy the equipment. Digital radios tend to consume more power than analogue ones Digital radios tend to consume more power than analogue ones Broadcasters Better coverage, more people will be able to hear their station. Better coverage, more people will be able to hear their station. More expensive to set up on digital Radio than Analog. More expensive to set up on digital Radio than Analog.

7. Social Issues – Digital Radio Back Privacy – Information can be released about someone to the extent that everyone on the internet can hear it if they access the digital radio as there are no geographic boundaries. Globalization – Any event can be broadcasted immediately on digital Radio and everyone can hear it. There are no geographic boundaries. Equality of access – Only those that can afford it may have it.

8. Social Issues – Digital Radio PositiveNegative Economic More jobs provided as there is new technology. Digital Radio sets are expensive and people can just use the normal analog radio. Political Defaming information can be released about somebody and it is easier to get away with as there are so many channels. Cultural More cultures can be broadcasted, provides cultural awareness. People’s cultures may not be broadcasted to lead to less diversity. Environmental Analog radios will be thrown out because of digital radio replacement causing E- waste. Ergonomic/Health Tapping on the screen will lead to RSI. Back

9. Social Issues – Digital Television Back Issues Social Impact Social Impact Stakeholders

10. Social & Ethical Aspects – Digital Television Back Stakeholders Viewers Viewers Film Industry Film Industry Broadcasters Broadcasters AdvantagesDisadvantages Viewers Improved picture (e.g. no ghosting effects, true widescreen) Improved picture (e.g. no ghosting effects, true widescreen) Digital Quality sound Digital Quality sound More TV and new digital only radio channels More TV and new digital only radio channels "Red key" enhanced information services & "Red key" enhanced information services & Interactive content provided. Interactive content provided. Can be rather expensive to set up. Can be rather expensive to set up. Film Industry Quality of sound and picture is better. Quality of sound and picture is better. Every little detail can be seen so make-up and details being filmed has to become better. Every little detail can be seen so make-up and details being filmed has to become better. The industry will have to update its technology to keep up with Digital television. Expensive The industry will have to update its technology to keep up with Digital television. Expensive Broadcasters Items can be offered and sold on the TV as there is an interactive service. Items can be offered and sold on the TV as there is an interactive service. More complicated setup to analog television. Have to upgrade system, expensive. More complicated setup to analog television. Have to upgrade system, expensive. People may still prefer to use analog television service if it is still available. People may still prefer to use analog television service if it is still available.

11. Social Issues – Digital Television Back Globalization & Cultural Diversity – Leads to cultural homogeneity as television broadcasts have become better. There is less diversity. Equality of access – Only those that can afford it may have it.

12. Social Issues – Digital Television PositiveNegative Economic More jobs can be created to develop this technology. Cultural As there can be more channels that can be broadcasted, more cultures can be broadcasted. As more channels can be broadcasted, more can be exposed leading to less diversity. Environmental More channels can be broadcasted in one, less waste and use for power. Short-life span therefore causing more e-wasting. Ergonomic/Health Eye sight problems and RSI due to tapping on the remote. Psychological Won’t socialize as much as they have a form of entertainment. Back

13. IT Systems – Digital Radio Back Different Formats For Saving Music Different Formats For Saving Music MP3 Files MP3 Files How Digital Radio Works How Digital Radio Works How did Digital Radio emerge How did Digital Radio emerge

14. IT Systems – Digital Radio Back Different formats for saving music o MP3 – More popular method of transfer throughout the internet. (More Detail) More DetailMore Detail o WMA – Format made by Microsoft with digital rights management built-in. o WAV – Files are larger, occupies more disk space. o OGG – Open source codec means that no one has to pay license fees to use unlike other formats.

15. IT Systems – Digital Radio Back How do MP3 files work? Explanation Explanation The MP3 format is a compression system for music. Why MP3 is an advantage? o Reduce the number of bytes in a song without hurting the quality of the song's sound. o Compress a CD-quality song by a factor of 10 to 14 without noticeably affecting the CD-quality sound. o A 32-megabyte (MB) song on a CD compresses down to about 3 MB. o Enabling download in minutes rather than hours, and more storage available as files are smaller.

16. IT Systems – Digital Radio Back

17. IT Systems – Digital Radio Back How Digital Radio works?

18. IT Systems – Digital Radio Back How Digital Radio emerge? Satellite radio is an idea over a decade in the making. In 1992, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) allocated a spectrum in the "S" band (2.3 GHz) for nationwide broadcasting of satellite-based Digital Audio Radio Service (DARS).

19. IT Systems – Digital Television Back Difference between Digital & Analog Television Difference between Digital & Analog Television How Digital Television Works How Digital Television Works High Definition TV High Definition TV How Digital Television Emerged How Digital Television Emerged

20. IT Systems – Digital Television Back Difference between Digital & Analog Television o Resolution Analog TV picture is much fuzzier than the digital TV image. There is a significant difference in picture quality that is even more obvious when the image is moving. (Example) Example A picture that is displayed on a small analog TV is better than on a big one. A digital signal can support a higher resolution, so the picture will still look good when shown on a larger TV screen. o Digital TV offers much better sound. o Digital TV offers better aspect ratio. (Explain) Explain o The video can be progressive rather than interlaced - the screen shows the entire picture for every frame instead of every other line of pixels. o TV stations can broadcast several signals using the same bandwidth. This is called multicasting. Frees space for more digital channels. o If broadcasters choose to, they can include interactive content or additional information with the DTV signal. o It can support high-definition (HDTV) broadcasts. This should highlight what Digital Television is.

21. IT Systems – Digital Television Back How Digital Television works? Sound and pictures are converted into a digital format and compressed, using as few bits as possible to convey the information on a digital signal. This technique enables several television channels to be carried in the space used by the current analogue signals to carry one channel. Sound and pictures are converted into a digital format and compressed, using as few bits as possible to convey the information on a digital signal. This technique enables several television channels to be carried in the space used by the current analogue signals to carry one channel. Digital signals can be received by standard aerials, satellite dishes or via cable. Digital signals can be received by standard aerials, satellite dishes or via cable. Decoded and turned back into sound and pictures by using a separate set-top box, or a decoder built into your television. Decoded and turned back into sound and pictures by using a separate set-top box, or a decoder built into your television.

22. IT Systems – Digital Television Back High Definition Television (HDTV) A set of digital television (DTV) standards that offer the highest resolution and sharpest picture. Although a few HDTV sets are available in standard screen sizes, the overwhelming majority are wide screen, which eliminates the letterbox effect when watching HD programs and movies in their original format. Aspect ratio - Standard television has a 4:3 aspect ratio - it is four units wide by three units high. HDTV has a 16:9 aspect ratio, more like a movie screen. Aspect ratio - Standard television has a 4:3 aspect ratio - it is four units wide by three units high. HDTV has a 16:9 aspect ratio, more like a movie screen. Resolution - The lowest standard resolution (SDTV) will be about the same as analog TV and will go up to 704 x 480 pixels. The highest HDTV resolution is 1920 x 1080 pixels. HDTV can display about ten times as many pixels as an analog TV set. Resolution - The lowest standard resolution (SDTV) will be about the same as analog TV and will go up to 704 x 480 pixels. The highest HDTV resolution is 1920 x 1080 pixels. HDTV can display about ten times as many pixels as an analog TV set. Frame rate - A set's frame rate describes how many times it creates a complete picture on the screen every second. DTV frame rates usually end in "i" or "p" to denote whether they are interlaced or progressive. DTV frame rates range from 24p (24 frames per second, progressive) to 60p (60 frames per second, progressive). Frame rate - A set's frame rate describes how many times it creates a complete picture on the screen every second. DTV frame rates usually end in "i" or "p" to denote whether they are interlaced or progressive. DTV frame rates range from 24p (24 frames per second, progressive) to 60p (60 frames per second, progressive).

23. IT Systems – Digital Television Digital TelevisionAnalog Television Back Resolution between Digital & Analog Television

24. IT Systems – Digital Television Digital TelevisionAnalog Television Back Resolution between Digital & Analog Television

25. IT Systems – Digital Television Back Aspect Ratio Difference between Digital & Analog Television

26. Areas of Impact – Digital Radio Back PositiveNegative Business & Employment More employment as there are more jobs created from the development of this technology. Education There are more channels available classed by genre, children can listen for educational reasons. Less time can be spent studying. Health Fingers clicking on buttons looking for channel may cause RSI. Arts, Entertainment & Leisure More can be broadcasted and put in the right channel, things can be classed properly. There may just be too much to look through Science & the environment More e-waste, as this will replace analog radios. Uses a lot of power.

27. Areas of Impact – Digital Television Back PositiveNegative Business & Employment More employment as there are more jobs created from the development of this technology. More things can be done on TV, telemarketing can be replaced so products can be sold on TV instead. Education As more channels can be broadcasted, more opportunities for educational channels. More time can be spent watching TV instead of actually studying. Health Bad for eyes as constantly staring at TV. RSI as flicking through remote control. Arts, Entertainment & Leisure Games can be put and played on the TV. There can be music channels. There can be too much to look through. People may choose to find entertainment on the TV instead of going out to do so. Science & the environment Generally short lifespan, causes e-waste.