1. PSCAD Simulation of Grid Tied Photovoltaic and Wind FarmsBy
Abdulrahman Kalbat

2. PSCAD/EMTDC PSCAD: Power Systems Computer Aided Design
PSCAD is Graphical User Interface for EMTDC simulation engine
EMTDC: Electromagnetic Transients including DC
Simulate time domain instantaneous response of the power systems

3. PSCAD Vs. Simulink
PSCAD’s interface is specialized for power system networks
Faster time domain simulation speed
Matlab/Simulink Interface in PSCAD
Availability of the models for Solar Panels and Wind Turbines
Venayagamoorthy, Ganesh K., “Comparison of power system simulation studies on different platforms – RSCAD, PSCAD/EMTDC, and
SIMULINK SimPowerSystems,” International Conference on Power System Operations and Planning, 2005

4. Power Network Under Study
Complete Utility Grid (from generation to distribution)
Utility Scale PV System
Utility Scale Wind Turbine System

5. Previous Research Done
Electrical model development and validation for distributed resources for NREL [1]
Modeling of a photovoltaic system with a distributed energy storage system [2]
Power quality effects of high PV penetration on Distribution Networks [3]
[1] M.G. Simões, B. Palle, S. Chakraborty, and C. Uriarte, “Electrical Model Development and Validation for Distributed Resources ,”
NREL, Golden, CO, 2007
[2} Anthony W. Ma, “MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM WITH A DISTRIBUTED ENERGY STORAGE
SYSTEM,” M.S. Thesis, Dept. Elect. Eng., California Polytechnic State Univ., San Luis Obispo, CA, 2012
[3] Minas Patsalides, et. al., “Towards the establishment of maximum PV generation limits due to power quality constraints,” Electrical Power and Energy Systems,

6. Expected Results
Effects of PV and Wind systems on the power quality of the utility grid
Frequency
Voltage
System’s response to faults:
Line to line faults
Line to ground faults
Lightning strikes

7. Solar Photovoltaic Model
Directly convert solar energy into electricity
Maximum Power Point Tracker Model
Ensure optimum output at varying temperature and insolation
Regulate and step-down the high voltage of the PV array.
Models developed by:
Athula Rajapakse, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

8. Grid Connected PV

9. 3-phase Inverter Bridge
Grid Connected PV
Solar Radiation +
Cell Temperature
Data
PV Array +
Output Capacitor
DC-DC Converter
for MPP Tracking
DC-bus Capacitor
and Start-up Charging
3-phase Inverter Bridge
[1] Anthony W. Ma, “MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM WITH A DISTRIBUTED ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM,” M.S. thesis, Dept. Elect. Eng., California Polytechnic State Univ., San Luis Obispo, CA, 2012
Anthony W. Ma, “MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM WITH A DISTRIBUTED ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
,” M.S. Thesis, Dept. Elect. Eng., California Polytechnic State Univ., San Luis Obispo, CA, 2012

10. Maximum Power Point Tracker
Variable Solar Radiation
Increase Solar Radiation  Increase Short Circuit Current

11. Maximum Power Point Tracker
Variable Temperature
Increase Temperature  Decrease Open Circuit Voltage

12. Maximum Power Point Tracker
Maximum Power Yield

13. Maximum Power Point Tracker
Regulate and step-down the high voltage of the PV array.

14. 3-Phase Inverter

15. 3-Phase Inverter
Output Current
Output Voltage

16. Wind Turbine Model Inputs Inputs
Vw:  Wind speed (must be a positive value) [m/s]
W:  Machine mechanical speed [rad/s]
Beta:  Pitch angle [°]
Outputs
Tm:  Output torque of the turbine [p.u.]
P:  Output power of the turbine [p.u.]
Inputs
Wm:  Mechanical speed of the machine [rad/s]
Pg:  Power output of the machine based on the machine rating [p.u.]
Output
Beta:  Pitch angle [°]

17. Thank You