3. Three Advantages of Simple Home Remedies They are simple - can be done with a minimum of expense and training They can be done at home - a far safer and more welcome place than a hospital They are remedial - meaning they work without the adverse side effects of drugs

4. Why Use Water? Inexpensive Readily available Versatile Ease of application Non-toxic and safe Easily controlled It works!

5. Hydrotherapy is... Solid Liquid Gas

6. Physiological Effects

7. Important Considerations H eated - Not too hot, not too cold E quipment - Have everything ready L ights - No bright lights in the eyes P rotect - Leave room neat and clean E xplain - Tell them what you’re doing D raft-free - Don’t chill the patient

8. Local Effects of Water Cold –Deep penetration –Slows circulation –Slows metabolism –Has numbing effect Heat –Shallow penetration –Speeds circulation –Increases metabolism –Encourages perspiring Contrast Local circulation greatly stimulated

9. Reflex Effects of Prolonged Heat To abdominal wall -- decreases intestinal blood flow, motility, and acid secretions in the stomach To pelvis -- Relaxes musculature, dilates blood vessels, increases menstrual flow Over heart -- Increases heart rate, decreases heart force, lowers blood pressure To trunk -- Relaxes uterus and bile ducts, relieves renal and gallbladder colic To kidneys and over abdomen -- Increases urine production

10. Short Cold Given to head, face, and hands - increases mental alertness Over heart area - Increases heart rate Alternate hot & cold Stimulates related tissues and organs

11. Effects on Circulation

12. Effects of Hot & Cold Vasodilation Normal Vasoconstriction

13. Celsius

14. Heating Compress Phase 1 - Cold –Vasoconstriction –Increased heart rate –Increased respiratory rate –Decreased metabolism Phase 2 - Heat –Vasodilation –Pulse rate rises –Slight drop in blood pressure –Increased sweating –Oxygen consumption increased

15. Skin Temperature during Heating Compress 33.3 o C 37.7 o C+

16. Wet Sheet Pack Regulate heating and cooling of body to control temperature Cool a heated body Heat the body to sweating Quiet nervous system Relieve internal congestion

17. Hot Foot Bath Local & reflex increase in blood flow through feet and skin surface decongesting internal organs and brain General warming of the body Relaxation and comfort Treatment for local inflammation of feet

18. Hot Tub Bath Increase peripheral circulation Increase metabolism Increase perspiration Elevate body temperature Relieve pain, stiffness, fatigue Relieve congestion of internal organs

19. Contrast Baths Alternate contraction and dilation of blood vessels Increase blood flow locally and reflexively Increase metabolism and oxidation Hastens healing

20. Contrast Baths 39.4 o C 40.5 o C 41.6 o C 42.7 o C 43.3 o C 45.5 o C 7-21 o C Hot for 3-4 minutes Cold for 1 / 2 -1 minutes

21. Neutral Tub Bath To relax the body Sedate the nervous system Provide sedation for patient with diseases of the heart and blood vessels who cannot tolerate hot and cold treatments

22. Short Cold Bath Pulse and pulse pressure increased Neuromuscular transmission more effective Respiration increases Muscle tone increases Skin toned up Metabolism increases RBC’s, WBC’s, Hemoglobin increase Urine production increases Constipation relieved

23. Steam Inhalation Relieve congestion & inflammation Relieve throat irritation Relieve spasmodic breathing Loosen secretions Relax muscles Mucous membranes moist

24. Russian Steam Bath Increase body temperature Increase metabolism Induce sweating Increase pulse rate Increase blood pressure Cause peripheral vasodilation Increase leukocytosis

25. Hot Fomentations Increase body temperature Dilate blood vessels to relieve congestion and increase circulation Relax tension of nerves supplying affected area

26. Cold Mitten Friction Stimulate skin’s circulation Reduce a fever Increase WBC activity and antibody production Stimulate neuromuscular tone Increase rate of blood flow Vasomotor tonic

27. Cold Compress Decrease blood flow locally and distally Prevent and relieve congestion Pain relief due to edema and/or trauma Over heart: slows heart rate, increases the force, raises arterial blood pressure

28. Ice Massage Relieve Pain Increase muscle tone Stimulate nerves Stimulate peripheral circulation

29. Ice Pack Relieve pain Prevent edema Decrease blood flow Decrease local metabolism Reduce nerve response Vasoconstriction

30. Salt Glow Provide increased vasodilation without heating or cooling Stimulate circulation Increase nerve activity

31. Sitz Bath Cold sitz stimulates contraction of pelvic blood vessels, uterus, and bowel musculature Alternate hot and cold sitz produces fluxion Neutral sitz is a sedative

32. Slurry  1-5 Tbs./ glass of water Tablets or Capsules Paste in Poultices

33. Poisoning Nausea, vomiting Diarrhea Stomach ache Peptic Ulcers Charcoal

34. Easy to take Convenient when traveling Tablets for sore throat

35. Venomous bites and stings Infections Skin irritation Bruises Detoxification Charcoal

36.  Backaches  Headaches  Foot rubs  Fevers  Hypertension  Sedation  Painful menstruation  Mental illness

37. Heel spurs Heel cups Tennis elbow band Back brace Steam inhalation

39. General Effects Cold –Decreases Metabolism –Decreases respiration –Decreases heart rate –Lowers temperature –Slows circulation –Dulls sensation –Promotes sluggishness Heat –Increases metabolism –Increases respiration –Increases heart rate –Increases leukocytes –Increases neutrophils –Increases blood volume –Prompts perspiration

40. Effects of Prolonged Cold - 1 Over abdomen - Increases intestinal blood flow and motility and stomach acid To pelvic area - Stimulates muscles of pelvis Over heart - Slows heart rate, increases stroke volume To skin over nose, back of neck & hands - Contraction of nasal blood vessels Over acutely inflamed joints - Vasoconstriction, pain relief, encourages healing

41. Effects of Prolonged Cold - 2 Over acute trauma (sprains & bruises) - Vasoconstriction, reduces swelling and pain Over trunk of artery - To skin of scalp and hands - Contracts blood vessels of the brain To thyroid - Contracts blood vessels and decreases function

42. Intrinsic Effects Cold - prolonged –Functions slowed or depressed –Respiration & pulse slowed –Circulation slowed –Tactile sensation blunted –Muscles move sluggishly –Digestion slowed or stopped –Body temperature lowered Heat - short –Quickens circulation –Increases pulse –Quickens respiration –Speeds digestion –Muscles quicker and more active –Skin sensation more perceived

43. Reactionary Effects Cold - Short –Heart rate increased –Circulation increased –Nerves tingle –Rapid respiration –Muscles increased contractile force Heat - Prolonged –Muscles less contractile –Heart beats rapidly –Heart force decreased –Peripheral circulation slowed

44. Fahrenheit

45. Skin Temperature during Heating Compress 92 o F 100 o F+

46. Contrast Baths 103 o F 105 o F 107 o F 109 o F 110 o F 114 o F 45-70 o F Hot for 3-4 minutes Cold for 1 / 2 -1 minutes