1. RNA Structure, Transcription and Editing

2. What is Protein Synthesis? The transcription and translation of specific parts of DNA to form proteins. *Goal is to make proteins* What are Proteins made up of? Amino acids!

3. Structure of RNA RiboNucleic Acid Single Stranded The base in DNA, Thymine, is replaced with Uracil

4. Four RNA Bases AdenineUracil Guanine Cytosine

5. Types of RNA Messanger RNA: carries instructions for assembling amino acids Transfer RNA: Transfers amino acids to ribosome as its being coded Ribosomal RNA: Component of ribosome. Enzyme site of all protein synthesis

6. Transcription 1.Enzyme RNA polymerase binds to DNA 2.Separates the strands 3.then uses 1 strand as a template to assemble RNAGOAL: Contains a code for making protein

7. Where does Transcription Occur Nucleus! What is a Codon? 3 nucleotides that specify a certain amino acid

8. Codons in RNA

9. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztPkv7wc 3yU Transcription http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztPkv7wc 3yU http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1fiJupfbSp g http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1fiJupfbSp g

10. Translation The actual decoding of the mRNA message Uses information from mRNA to form proteins Takes place on Ribosomes

11. Mutations Point: One base is substituted for another Frameshift: adding a base causing the reading frame (of 3) to shift Chromosomal: Changes in number or structure of chromosomes

13. mutations http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e fstlgoynlk