1. The study of carbon-based compounds and their properties.

2. New Way Chemistry for Hong Kong A-Level 3A 2 21.1 What is Organic Chemistry (SB p.2) Organic Chemistry Chemistry of the compounds present in living organisms. They all contain carbon. Organic Chemistry is the Chemistry of Carbon.

3. New Way Chemistry for Hong Kong A-Level 3A 3 Living things Carbohydrates / Proteins / Fats / Vitamins / Antibiotics 21.1 What is Organic Chemistry (SB p.4) Natural Sources of Organic Compounds A variety of organic products obtained from living things

4. New Way Chemistry for Hong Kong A-Level 3A 4 Crude oil or coal Fractional distillation / destructive distillation Alkanes / Alkenes / Alkynes / Aromatic hydrocarbons 21.1 What is Organic Chemistry (SB p.4) Natural Sources of Organic Compounds A variety of useful products derived from crude oil and coal Check Point 21-1 Check Point 21-1

5. New Way Chemistry for Hong Kong A-Level 3A 5 In the past …, Chemistry Organic compounds obtained from living organisms Inorganic compounds obtained from non-living sources 21.1 What is Organic Chemistry (SB p.3) Development of Organic Chemistry as a Science

6. New Way Chemistry for Hong Kong A-Level 3A 6 Redefining …... Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds (except CO, CO 2, carbonates, hydrogencarbonates, carbides and cyanides) obtained from natural sources or synthesized in the laboratories. Development of Organic Chemistry as a Science 21.1 What is Organic Chemistry (SB p.3)

7. New Way Chemistry for Hong Kong A-Level 3A 7 The Unique Nature of Carbon

8. How many electrons does C want? – Meaning… how many bonds is C able to make

9. New Way Chemistry for Hong Kong A-Level 3A 9 21.2 The Unique Nature of Carbon (SB p.5) Carbon atoms link together to form chains of varying length, branched chains and rings of different sizes Catenation:  Ability of atoms in forming stable bonds with itself, hence joining up into chains or rings Ability to Catenate

10. Hydrocarbons: contain only hydrogen and carbon Hydrocarbons AliphaticAromatic AlkanesAlkenesAlkynesCyclic Hydrocarbons can be divided into different types, depending on their bonding.

11. Alkanes Alkanes - - Carbon chain, no double or triple bonds. All single bonds (saturated)

12. Naming Organic Molecules There are two parts to the main name of each molecule… prefix: tells the # of carbons in main chain or ring suffix: tells the type of bonding in the chain or ring

13. Prefix: indicates number of carbon atoms in the main chain or ring 1meth- 2eth- 3prop- 4but- 5pent- 6hex- 7hept- 8oct- 9non- 10dec-

14. ALKANES

15. propane, C 3 H 8

16. ALKANES octane, C 8 H 18