1. Subjects and Predicates

2. Complete Subjects and Predicates
Every sentence has two parts, a subject and a predicate.
The subject tells whom or what the sentence is about.
The predicate tells what the subject does, has, is, or feels.

3. Complete Subject and Predicate
All the words in the subject make up the complete subject.
All the words in the predicate make up the complete predicate.
Complete Subject
Complete
Predicate
Green sneakers
are on sale.
Who
wants a pair.
My friend
does.
Everyone in school
is wearing bright shoes.

4. Let’s try some together
Judy Hart took a bus.
The bus stopped at Bill’s Computer Store.
Bill Woo is the owner of the shop.
The sales clerk smiled at Judy.
Bright lights glowed.

5. Simple Subjects and Simple Predicates
The doorbell
rang.
The little brown puppy
jumped high in the air.
Bob Smith from New York
was visiting at the time. He
has been playing with the puppy.
Ava’s dog
has grown a lot.
The main word (s) in the complete subject is the simple subject.
The main word (s) in the complete predicate is the simple predicate.

6. Let’s try some together.
Marty Shaw heard the bulldozer.
The bulldozer moved slowly.
Its big scoop had been pushing piles of sand.
Marty’s eyes sparkled with delight.
Piles of sand disappeared.

7. Compound subjects
Some sentences have more than one simple subject. When a sentence has two or more simple subjects joined by a connecting word (and or or), the subject is called a compound subject.
Why do Joan and Carol practice so often?
My brother or my sister will sing tomorrow?
Parents, relatives, and friends will attend.

8. Compound predicates
Some sentences have more than one simple predicate. When a sentence has two or more simple predicates joined by a connecting word (and or or), the predicate is called a compound predicate.
Children in the park jumped, played, or ran.
Al and I will walk fast and stop at Jim’s house.
People opened umbrellas, hopped on buses, and dashed into stores.

9. Let’s try some! Handbags and wallets can be made from plastic.
Plastic, steel, and aluminum are building materials.
Coal, gas, or oil can be used to make plastic.
Is aluminum or steel stronger?
Is plastic or glass better for lenses?

10. Let’s try some! Visitors to the museum buy a ticket and enter.
They can tour the galleries or watch slides.
A guide was wearing a suit of armor and telling dragon stories.
We looked, asked questions, and learned.
Children and adults will eat lunch or rest.

11. Now you try 6. Large screens flashed messages at Judy.
7. Other customers were trying out the computers.
8. Software of all types lined the shelves.
9. The sales staff was courteous, helpful, and knowledgeable.
10. What captured Judy’s attention most?
11. Color animations make her research more fun.
12. Someone in the shopping department will help her.

12. Class work 13. A new year begins.
14. An explosion of color fills the sky in many cities.
15. Dozens of holidays are celebrated with fireworks.
16. Celebrations for the Fourth of July include fireworks.
17. The orange Bowl Festival in Miami features them.
18. Canada sets off fireworks on Canada Day.
19. Italians light fireworks during a springtime holy day parade.
20. The ancient Greeks used fireworks.
21. The Chinese developed the technique.
22. People do enjoy fireworks.
23. Little children are enchanted by them.
24. The different colors pop out of the sky in a burst.
25. A sudden boom combines with an explosion of color.
26. Everyone sighs in approval.

13. Now you try! 6. The dark sand looked moist.
7. A pool of water was evaporating in the sun.
8. This one child was studying the construction crew.
9. Marty noticed everything on the site.
10. He could hear the bulldozer’s horn.
11. The small boy’s dream appeared before his eyes.
12. The driver of the huge bulldozer waved at Marty.

14. Morning Work 13. The owner of the bicycle shop smiled.
14. Customers were filling the shop.
15. A tall blond girl had been studying one bicycle.
16. It was standing in front of the other bicycles.
17. A shiny silver bell hung from its handlebar.
18. Julie’s sister was buying some reflectors.
19. Uncle Bert examined a mountain bike.
20. A boy has bought a book on bicycle repair.
21. Todd Mitchell from Dallas asked about a tandem.
22. He wants a bicycle with seats and pedals for two riders.
23. Crowds of curious customers have been staring at the unicycle.
24. This unusual, awkward vehicle is an antique.

15. p. 74 Kim and her father made a track for marbles.
They looked at different materials.
Kim’s father had some pieces of pipe.
Kim and her brother found some paper tubes.
The children taped the tubes and pipes together.
Everyone took turns holding up one end.

16. p. 75 Sometimes we sleep in a tent. Last summer we stayed in hotels.
One hotel was really special.
Every room was a railroad car.
All of us were enjoying ourselves.
I slept on a train for the first time.