1. Human Population Lab Sequence 1.PowerPoint presentaion 2.HW make your own pyramid HW 3.Group work on assigned country 4.Group presentation and teacher led review of correct answers 5.PPT review 6.Assessment quiz

2. PLEASE ARRANGE YOURSELVES INTO 7 GROUPS OF THREE AT LAB STATIONS AND TWO STUDENT TABLES

3. Human Population Dynamics Lab Groups 1.Chris Barber, Anna, Danny, Cameron 2.Audrey, Camryn, Ben 3.Chris Burger, Tyler, Danielle 4.Samantha, Edmund, Jillian 5.John, Colin, Remy 6.Sarah W, David, Mike 7.Sarah V, Francesca, Sam *6 & 7 are the “desk tables”

4. Human Population Dynamics http://www.census.gov/population/international /

6. Sept. 24, as U.S. President Barack Obama addressed the United Nations General Assembly and called for countries to shoulder more international responsibility, Chinese President Xi Jinping was home in Beijing. That day, Xi conducted a seminar at Beijing's Great Hall of the People, a ceremonial building, in celebration of the 2,565th birthday of Confucius and its resonance to today.conducted We will strive for the peaceful development of the world, Xi said, but he also reminded his audience that China was still a developing country, and its responsibilities should be commensurate with its status. said

7. Populations are Dynamic What does that mean? What factors contribute to the changes in size and composition over time? Many, but the following two have a very large role: 1.Age structure of the population 2.Total Fertility Rate (TFR) Today: 1.Review answers to homework 2.In your groups, list information from this article that you can add to posters. We will not write on posters today. HW – Make your own pyramid and reading on GM Foods and education of children

12. Overpopulation - the condition of having a population so dense as to cause environmental deterioration, an impaired quality of life, or a population crash

13. Today 1.Discuss overpopulation article 2.Crash Course Video Clip – take notes to add to posters 3.Poster work – add info from last night’s homework HW: Read textbook pg. 388 – 380 Read TFR Article and answer questions

14. 1.Crash Course in Overpopulation: 2.Poster http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD-yN2G5BY0

15. Exponential Growth of Human Population

16. World Population Growth 1750-2000 (in millions)

17. Overpopulation Competition for resources: Limiting factors – any condition of the environment that limits the size of a population Carrying capacity – The number of organisms that can be supported by a particular ecosystem Overpopulation - the condition of having a population so dense as to cause environmental deterioration, an impaired quality of life, or a population crash

18. Human Overpopulation Birth rate/Death rate (2009) United States 14.1/8.7 Australia 12.7/7.3 Iraq 34.2/6.0 Iran 17.5/5.4 Japan 10.0/8.5 Italy 8.9/10.1 Russia 9.7/13.9 Emigration/Immigration – The U.S. population is growing by about 2.5 million people each year. Of that, immigration contributes over one million people to the U.S. population annually. Exponential growth rate of human populations

19. Human Impact on the Environment Deforestation – development, food, consumer goods Pollution – Water supply (fertilizers, pesticides, fungicides, acid rain), depletion of ozone layer, global warming

20. Age Structure and TFR Q & A 1.Explain how the replacement rate relates to the TFR. When the TFR = 2, each pair of parents just replaces itself. Actually, it takes a TFR of ~2.1 to replace each generation b/c some children will die before the have their own 2 kids. 2. What TFR theoretically, may result in ZPG? 2.1

21. Age Structure and TFR Q & A 3. Why does the replacement rate vary in different countries? Countries with low life expectancies have a replacement rate of ~ 2.2 – 3 because there is a high rate of infant and child mortality (people dying before reaching reproductive ability) 4. Which type of countries do you think have a higher replacement rate? Underdeveloped/Third-World/Developing

22. Age Structure and TFR Q & A 5. What factor would increase the “r” (rate of natural increase) even if their TFR doesn’t exceed 2? If at one period a population has an unusually large number of children (such as during the 1957 US Baby Boom) entering their reproductive years 6. During what years does most child-bearing occur? Ages 15-49

23. 7. What country will see the bigger pop. boom, France or India – why? India because it has a large number of children who will be entering the child-bearing years soon. 8. List the characteristics of countries with broad-based pyramids - high birth rates, low life expectancy, advances in healthcare have recently reduced infant and childhood mortality 9. Name 2 other countries whose pops. may be similar to India. - Haiti, Honduras, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guatemala, Kenya Age Structure and TFR Q & A

24. 10. Why is France scarcely a pyramid? B/c so many survive to old age that the top doesn’t taper as drastically. Lower birth rate makes the bottom of the pyramid narrow as well. 11. What societal changes do you think occurred in the US as a result of the 1957 baby boom? School enrollments increased, an increased need for elder-care presently, high retirement from workforce/increase in social security needs Age Structure and TFR Q & A

25. 12. What is the predicted world population for 2050? What concerns are associated with this? 9.6 billion. Could the earth’s resources sustain such a population? What is the carrying capacity of the earth? 13.What factors contribute to a decline in TFR? -improved standard of living/healthcare, increased confidence that children will survive to adulthood, improved female status and education, increase use of contraception. Age Structure and TFR Q & A

26. We can compare different countries to see these differences. Human Population Growth Although the human population as a whole is growing at an amazing rate, different populations of people are growing at different rates.

27. In this activity we will compare three different countries… United StatesAfghanistanItaly

28. Population Pyramids To compare different countries populations, we can use a population pyramid. To the right is a population pyramid based on a make- believe population.

29. Population Pyramids can… Compare males vs. females in a population Compare different age groups in a population

30. Let’s review... 1.What is the most populated age group in this population? 3.About how many children (what %) in this population are under the age of 5? How many are female? 2. Predict what age group will be the most populated in 15 years.

31. Let’s review... 1.What is the most populated age group in this population? The most populated age group is those between 20 and 24 years in age. 2.Predict what age group will be the most populated in 15 years. Assuming that there is not a major growth period in this population in the next 15 years, the group that is currently 20-24 years old will be in the 35-39 age group.

32. Let’s review... 3.About how many children in this population are under the age of 5? Approximately 12.5% of the population is 0-4 years old. How many of them are female? Looking on the left side of the pyramid in the 0-4 age bracket, about 6% of those under age 5 are female.

33. So back to our previous question. How do these three countries compare? United StatesAfganistanItaly

34. U.S. vs. Afghanistan Afghanistan United States

35. Now, let’s compare countries again… Rapid vs Slow Growth What do you notice about the populations from these countries? Do you notice that Afghanistan has more people in the lower age brackets? The U.S. has more people in the middle age bracket. Which do you think represents Rapid Growth? Slow?

36. RAPID GROWTH Underdeveloped or developing countries Wide base, narrow top = young population High Birth Rates

37. SLOW/ZERO GROWTH “Boxy”“Pear Shaped” “Middle Bulge” Developed Countries # young is equal/less than # of middle aged US pop growth due mostly to immigration

39. Now, let’s compare countries again… Based on these graphs, what is one issue that each country will have to face in the future??

40. Now, let’s compare countries again… Based on these graphs, what is one issue that each country will have to face in the future?? Afghanistan: Afghanistan is clearly a growing country. It has proportionally many more younger people. The country will have to supply more and more resources like food and energy for its growing population.

41. Now, let’s compare countries again… Based on these graphs, what is one issue that each country will have to face in the future?? U.S.: The U.S. is a stabilized population with little growth. It will have an aging middle class in years to come. Because the average age in the U.S. continues to rise, it may have a difficult time supporting its large number of aging citizens.

42. Now lets look at Italy… To the right is a population pyramid from the year 2000 and a projected (predicted) pyramid for the year 2025. How does Italy differ from the first two countries? What is expected to happen it Italy in the next 16 years?

43. Now lets look at Italy… To the right is a population pyramid from the year 2000 and a projected (predicted) pyramid for the year 2025. How does Italy differ from the first two countries? Italy is a country who’s population is on a decline. What is expected to happen it Italy in the next 16 years? The number of young people in Italy is expected to continue to decrease over the next decade.

44. NEGATIVE GROWTH

45. Death Rate Exceeds the Birth Rate Middle Age Emigration for Academic and Job Opportunities

46. Now lets look at Italy… What are some issues that Italians face in the future?

47. Now lets look at Italy… What are some issues that Italians face in the future? Italians face a declining population. That means a smaller work force and a shrinking population of the Italian culture and heritage.

48. Summary… test yourself To the right is a comparison of France and Kenya. Answer the following questions: 1. What is a potential concern for each country for the future? 2. What is a major difference between the two populations in terms of life expectancy? Predict why. 3. Label each country as “A growing country” or “A stable/declining country”. 4. One country is growing exponentially. Which one?

49. Summary… answers FRANCE 1.What is a potential concern for each country for the future? France is a stabilized population with little growth. It will have an aging middle class in years to come. Because the average age in France continues to rise, how will the population support its large number of aging citizens? 2.What is a major difference between the two populations in terms of life expectancy? France has many more people growing into their 80’s and even 90’s compared to Kenya. This may be because France has better health care for the sick and elderly. 3. Label each country as “A growing country” or “A stable/declining country”. This country has a stable/declining population. 4.One country is growing exponentially. Which one? (Not this one.)

50. Summary… answers KENYA 1.What is a potential concern for each country for the future? Kenya clearly is a growing country. It has proportionally many more younger people than France. The country will have to supply more and more resources like food and energy for its growing population. 2.What is a major difference between the two populations in terms of life expectancy? Kenya has many fewer people growing into their 70’s and even 80’s compared to France. This may be because Kenya has poorer health care and fewer nursing programs for the elderly. 3. Label each country as “A growing country” or “A stable/declining country”. This country has a growing population. 4.One country is growing exponentially. Which one? Kenya is definitely growing exponentially.

51. Human Population Pyramid: Make your own and analyze your data Be prepared to discuss your answers Open Note Quiz on Population Next Class Begin Population Pyramids Lab

52. You can research population pyramids, and other info having to do with population for any country worldwide. Visit the website below: http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idb/

53. Exponential Growth of Human Population causes??

54. Human Population Growth It requires 10 times as many crops to feed animals being bred for meat consumption as it would to feed the same amount of people on a vegetarian diet!! The US could feed 800 million people with the grain that livestock eat. US population: 303 million

55. How can more people be supported on Earth when there is a limited supply of resources? Human Population Growth It depends on what they are eating…

57. Human Overpopulation Migration: Emigration/Immigration – The U.S. population is growing by about 2.5 million people each year. Of that, immigration contributes over one million people to the U.S. population annually. Limited Resources (food, water, and living space) Density Dependent Factors: related to the density of the population. (disease, predation, competition) Density Independent Factors: Not related to population size (killing frost, severe blizzard, hurricane, etc)

58. For the final day of poster work Visit the following sites: 1.www.census.gov/ipc///www/idbwww.census.gov/ipc///www/idb go to: “data”  “International Database”  “population pyramid graph” on drop down menu on left – select countries or categories on the right 2.www.os-connect.com/pop/www.os-connect.com/pop/ use links on left to navigate through your research If you need assistance with your DEVELOPED country poster, refer to today’s handout. You will be responsible for the info in this packet on Friday’s test If you need assistance with completing the DEVELOPED country poster – refer to the packet given to you today. You will be responsible for this info on the test, which will be Friday.

59. Yellowstone Wolves http://www.youtube.com/embed/ysa5OBhXz -Q?feature=player_embedded