1. Population

2. On your I-pad
Find out what the population was when you were born

3. World population count
On your I-Pads, create 10 Facts based on the world Population Count

4. Population Growth
Today, approximately 132 million people are born each year, while only 53 million people are dying each year. Therefore the population of the world is continuing to grow.
The population of countries in Africa and Asia are increasing rapidly, while those in Europe, America, and Japan are increasing slowly.
In some countries such as Germany the population is actually decreasing.

5. Population growth 2009 – 6.7 billion
Increase by 77 million every year or about 1.5 million per week
Fluctuate (rise and fall)

6. Calculating Population change
Birth Rate- Number of people born per 1,000 in a population
Death Rate- Number of deaths per 1,000 in a population
Example- Birth rate is 20 per 1,000…. Death Rate is 9 per 1,000
20-9 = 11
11/1000= 1.1%

7. Questions
If the birth rate in Portugal in 2014 was 12 per 1,000 and the death rate was 10 per 1,000- Calculate the natural increase for that year.
If the birth rate in Portugal in 2014 was 15 per 1,000 and the death rate was 11 per 1,000- Calculate the natural increase for that year.

8. The Population Cycle
The population of all countries goes through a population cycle.
There are 5 stages in the population cycle.
Countries move through the different stages of the cycle as a result of their social and economic development.

9. The Population Cycle Stages
High Stationary: The country is underdeveloped- High birth rate and High death rate
Early Expanding: Begins to develop- Pop rises and death rates fall due to improvements in food and health
Late Expanding: Developing well, Total population rises rapidly, better family planning and fewer children needed to work

10. The Population Cycle Stages
Low Stationary: The country has become developed- Low birth rate and death rate, parents plan their families. Example= Ireland
Declining: Pop is high but is going into decline due to an ageing population. People opt to have children later in life

12. Population Increase since 1750
Agricultural Revolution – more stable food supply, less famines.
Industrial and Scientific Revolutions – better machinery developed for agriculture. Better farming techniques developed. Advances were made in healthcare and medicines which saved more peoples lives.

13. Where is the increase happening?
The World Pop remained under 1 billion up until before it began to increase rapidly due to the Industrial and Agricultural Revolutions meaning more food was available for people.
You will also see that since the 1950, Pop Growth has increased significantly- mostly in developed regions.

14. Where is the increase happening?

15. Questions for homework
How do you measure population change?
If the birth rate in France in 2011 was 13 per 1,000 and the death rate was 10 per 1,000- Calculate the natural increase for that year.
What are the 5 stages in the population cycle?
Give 2 reasons for population increase since 1750.

16. Verbal Test How do you calculate population change?
What are the first two stages in the Population Cycle?
What are the remaining stages in the Population Cycle?
Where is the increase happening?
In what year did the population reach 1 billion?
Give two reasons for the sharp increase.

17. Continent
Percentage
Africa 15
Asia 60
Europe 11
Latin America and Caribean
8.5
North America 5
Oceania
0.5
Antarctica
World
100

18. The PDST is funded by the Department of Education and Skills
under the National Development Plan,

19. Reasons for High Densities
Intensive agriculture
Rich alluvial soils
Flat land
Climate
Industry
Trade
Communications
The PDST is funded by the Department of Education and Skills
under the National Development Plan,

20. Factors Affecting Population Change
Food Supply
Increased food supply allows the population to grow. When people have enough food they are likely to be healthy.
Improved Technology
Farming has improved as a result of better machines, the use of fertilizers, and irrigation practices. This has boosted food supply allowing the population to grow.
Health
Improved access to safe drinking water decreases diseases such as cholera, typhoid. Improved vaccinations prevent people getting ill allowing them to live longer.

21. Factors Affecting Population Change
War
Millions of people have been killed in wars over the years. During war agriculture, water supplies, and health services are destroyed which also leads to increased death rates.
The Status of Women
In wealthy countries women have a high status in society. They have high levels of education and many choose to have careers rather than work in the home. They tend to have less children. In poorer countries many women stay at home and have large families.
Education
Education gives people control of their lives, especially women. Educated women plan the size of their families. They learn about good diet, healthcare, and hygiene practices. This reduces illnesses and allows children to grow up healthy.

22. Factors Affecting Population Change
The Status of Women
When women are educated and involved in careers outside the home they have less children.
This greatly reduces the population growth of a country.

23. 3 Children Families
After 3 generations there are 27 children being born.
2 Children Families
After 3 generations there are only 8 children being born.

24. Factors Affecting Population Change
Education levels – Female Literacy

25. Future Population Growth???
If the world’s population continues to increase as it has over the past 50 years, there will be more than 11 Billion people by the year 2040.
However, people in many countries are starting to have fewer children.
Access to clean water, vaccinations, and education are resulting in mothers have smaller families because all of their children are living healthy lives and surviving to adulthood.
Therefore, population growth should fall in the coming years.

26. Population Pyramids
Population pyramids are used to show the gender and age profile of a population
Each bar on the pyramid represents the percentage of the population in 5 year age bands
We can therefore determine the birth rates and death rates using the population pyramid

27. Mozambique
United Kingdom

28. Population Pyramid Animation
Link to population pyramid animation
f&titre=Population%20pyramid&lg=en

29. Population Pyramids
The structure shows life expectancy of the population
The shape tells us how developed a country is
A developing country will have a population pyramid that looks like a traditional pyramid, while a developing countries population pyramid will have a different shape

30. Are Population Pyramids Useful?
Population pyramids show the % of males and females in the different age groups.
They allow governments to plan things like where to build schools, hospitals, and other healthcare facilities.
They also allow government to forecast tax and pension needs.

31. What do you notice about this population pyramid?

32. What do you notice about these population pyramids?

33. Case Study: Population Pyramid - Brazil
Brazil is a country with a rapidly increasing population. It is a developing country and in 2010, the population was just over 190 million. This population pyramid gives us information about birth rates, death rates, life expectancy and future population growth.

34. Birth Rates Birth rates are high Women have a traditional role
Lack of education and family planning
High infant mortality
Children work from an early age

35. Death Rates Death rates are high Lack of clean water
Poor health services
Living standards are low
Lack of balanced diet

36. Life Expectancy The narrow peak tells us few people live to old age
Older people need more health care and it is not available
People are more prone to getting diseases which can spread easily and due to lack of health services can affect living

37. The Future
There is a clear decrease in the percentage population at the lower age bands. This tells us that Brazils population is declining. This could be due to the following:
The role of women is changing- they may chose to have fewer children
People are being better educated
Basic sanitation and water supply has improved
Better access to health and vaccinations has improved

38. Case Study: Population Pyramid - Germany
The population in Germany in 2012 was 82 million. It is a developed country but its population has been in decline in recent years. This population pyramid gives us information about birth rates, death rates, life expectancy and future population growth.

39. Birth Rates The narrow base tells us birth rates are low
Women chose careers over children
The population is highly educated and plan families
A very good health system in place
Children are not needed to work

40. Death Rates The death rate is low
A high standard of living- the population look after themselves
Excellent health service
High standards in sanitation and water system

41. Life Expectancy The wide peak shows Germany has high life expectancy
Access to health care
Good services for the elderly
High living standards

42. The Future
With more people living to old age and lower birth rates Germany will have a high population percentage in the old age bands in the future
This will mean there will be a lot of dependents on the government to ensure it has enough funds to support its ageing population

43. Case Study: Population Pyramid -Ireland
Irelands population in 2010 was 4.5 million people. It is a developed country. his population pyramid gives us information about birth rates, death rates, life expectancy and future population growth.

44. Birth Rates
While there is a slight increase in the age bands in the base of the population, the birth rate is low
Low infant mortality
Access to family planning
The role of women has changed

45. Death Rates Low death rate Good access to healthy care
High standard of living
People are educated and clean water supply

46. Life Expectancy
The high peak tells us that there is a high life expectancy
Good care for the elderly
Good health services
High standards of living

47. The Future
Population growth is slow and we can expect to see people living longer
This will mean that there will be an increase in pension costs for the government

48. Questions What are these diagrams called?
Give 5 facts of information about the uses of population pyramids.
Are population pyramids useful? Why?
Describe how the diagrams show the difference in birth rates, death rates and life expectancy between these 2 countries.