1. Developments on the Front End of Your ICP Optimizing Performance and Reliability of ICP-AES and ICP-MS

2. Glass Expansion ICP Sample Intro Advances Advances in Concentric Glass nebulizersAdvances in Concentric Glass nebulizers Low-Flow & Microflow nebulizersLow-Flow & Microflow nebulizers Advances in Cyclonic Spray ChambersAdvances in Cyclonic Spray Chambers New RF CoilsNew RF Coils ICP Front-end Developments

3. Glass Expansion Concentric Glass Nebulizers Self-aspirating via Bernoulli principleSelf-aspirating via Bernoulli principle High precisionHigh precision Small mean droplet sizeSmall mean droplet size Small orificesSmall orifices Not applicable to all samplesNot applicable to all samples ICP Front-end Developments

4. Glass Expansion VitriCone™ Capillary ICP Front-end Developments

5. Glass Expansion Concentric Glass Nebulizers Internal Capillary Comparison Rugged thick-walled conical constructionRugged thick-walled conical construction Machined from heavy stockMachined from heavy stock Uniform internal channelUniform internal channel Nebulizer conformityNebulizer conformity Thin-walled capillaryThin-walled capillary Drawn glass from tubingDrawn glass from tubing Variable internal channelVariable internal channel VitriConeDrawn Capillary ICP Front-end Developments

6. Glass Expansion Nebulizer Specifications ICP Front-end Developments

7. Glass Expansion Nebulizer Maintenance Eluo™ Nebulizer Cleaner Rugged plastic constructionRugged plastic construction Large volume barrelLarge volume barrel Nebulizer locking mechanismNebulizer locking mechanism Remove stubborn clogsRemove stubborn clogs Maintain with daily cleaningMaintain with daily cleaning ICP Front-end Developments

8. Glass Expansion Low-Flow Nebulizers Small mean droplet sizeSmall mean droplet size Reduced solvent in the plasmaReduced solvent in the plasma Increased sampling efficiencyIncreased sampling efficiency Reduced oxide formationReduced oxide formation Increased efficiency of excitation and ionizationIncreased efficiency of excitation and ionization ICP Front-end Developments

9. Glass Expansion Applications of Low-Flow Nebulizers Limited sample volumesLimited sample volumes Volatile samplesVolatile samples Reduced oxide interferences in ICP-MSReduced oxide interferences in ICP-MS Expensive waste disposalExpensive waste disposal ICP-MS-LC interfaceICP-MS-LC interface ICP Front-end Developments

10. Glass Expansion Comparison of Nebulizer Efficiency ICP Front-end Developments %EFFICIENCY UPTAKE RATE (ML/MIN)

11. Glass Expansion Comparison of Nebulizer Signal 0.050ml/min uptake0.050ml/min uptake 50% efficient50% efficient.025ml/min in the plasma.025ml/min in the plasma.025ul/min to waste.025ul/min to waste 2ml/min uptake2ml/min uptake 2% efficient2% efficient.040ul/min in the plasma.040ul/min in the plasma 1.96 ml/min to waste1.96 ml/min to waste ICP Front-end Developments

12. Glass Expansion Range of Low-Flow Nebulizers 0.0500.050 0.1000.100 0.2000.200 0.4000.400 0.6000.600 Glass - MicroMist™Glass - MicroMist™ PFA - OpalMist™PFA - OpalMist™ Polyimide - PolyCon™Polyimide - PolyCon™ Uptake Rates (ml/min) Composition ICP Front-end Developments

13. Glass Expansion Cyclonic Spray Chambers Quickly removes large dropletsQuickly removes large droplets Less opportunity for agglomeration of small dropsLess opportunity for agglomeration of small drops Improved homogeneity of sample mistImproved homogeneity of sample mist Greater efficiencyGreater efficiency ICP Front-end Developments

14. Glass Expansion Spray Chamber Mechanism Cyclonic ICP Front-end Developments

15. Glass Expansion Twister Cyclonic Spray Chamber Internal baffle further filters droplet sizeInternal baffle further filters droplet size Slightly less efficientSlightly less efficient Smaller mean droplet size decreases noiseSmaller mean droplet size decreases noise Baffle height precisely controlledBaffle height precisely controlled ICP Front-end Developments

16. Glass Expansion Decreased Dead Volume Spray Chamber Adaptor Inert plastic materialInert plastic material Nebulizer port oversizedNebulizer port oversized No opportunity for solution poolingNo opportunity for solution pooling ICP Front-end Developments

17. Glass Expansion Helix O-ring Free Spray Chamber PFA ferrule seals spray chamberPFA ferrule seals spray chamber Solution contacts only PFA and glassSolution contacts only PFA and glass Available for all glass spray chambersAvailable for all glass spray chambers Even less opportunity for poolingEven less opportunity for pooling ICP Front-end Developments

18. Glass Expansion New RF Coils Available in 3 surfacesAvailable in 3 surfaces –Copper (base) for economy –Silver plated for efficient RF transfer –Gold plated for corrosion resistance ICP Front-end Developments

19. Glass Expansion Specifications of a “Good” RF Coil RoundnessRoundness Appropriate coatingAppropriate coating Application of the coatingApplication of the coating Coil spacingCoil spacing Proper installation and alignmentProper installation and alignment ICP Front-end Developments

20. Glass Expansion RF Coils Installation & Alignment Kit Alignment “jig”Alignment “jig” All tools requiredAll tools required CD ROM with graphical instructions ICP Front-end Developments

21. Glass Expansion Benefits of Using a “Good” Coil Longer life of PA tube and FET’sLonger life of PA tube and FET’s Longer life of torchesLonger life of torches Potentially higher intensities for “hard” linesPotentially higher intensities for “hard” lines Improved ionization for refractoriesImproved ionization for refractories ICP Front-end Developments

22. Glass Expansion Choosing the Right Parts ConikalConikal MicroMistMicroMist SlurrySlurry SeaSpraySeaSpray Quartz VeeSprayQuartz VeeSpray PolyConPolyCon OpalMistOpalMist Ceramic VeeSprayCeramic VeeSpray TraceyTracey TwisterTwister CinnabarCinnabar TwinnabarTwinnabar  Borosilicate glass  Quartz  HF Resistant  Jacketed ICP Front-end Developments

23. Glass Expansion Selection Guides Simplify The process Of choosing The correct Parts for each Application

24. Glass Expansion Nebulizer Selection for HF ICP Front-end Developments

25. Glass Expansion Nebulizer Selection for non-HF ICP Front-end Developments

26. Glass Expansion Spray Chamber Selection (Organics) ICP Front-end Developments

27. Glass Expansion Spray Chamber Selection (Aqueous) ICP Front-end Developments