1. Trends and Developments in Single Window UNECE UN/CEFACT New Delhi, 29 October 2014 1

2.  UN/CEFACT’s Work in Single Window  Trends in Single Window  Multiple “Single Windows”  UN/CEFACT SWI Project – Rec 36  Next Steps

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4. Single Window is a facility that allows parties involved in trade and transport to lodge standardized information and documents with a single entry point to fulfill all import, export, and transit-related regulatory requirements. If information is electronic, then individual data elements should only be submitted once. UN/CEFACT Recommendation and Guidelines on establishing a Single Window, UNECE, 2005 http://www.unece.org/cefact/recommendations/rec33/rec33_ecetrd352_e.pdf

5. 5 Recommends Governments to establish Single Window for Cross Border Trade Defines features: … one time submission..of standardized information and documents sharing of information amongst government agencies; coordinated controls and inspections of the various governmental authorities; Allow payment of duties and other charges; Be a source of trade related government information.

6. UNECE Policy Recommend -ations UN/CEFACT UNECE Standards UN/CEFACT UNECE / UNNExT Guidelines, Briefs, Case Studies Capacity Building & Technical assistance

7. 7 2005: in about 20 economies 2010: in 49 economies 2013: in 71 economies 2015: in 100 economies & some regions (ASEAN)? “ Single Windows (SWs) are important drivers for the simplification, harmonization and automation of trade procedures” WTO Bali Agreement Article 10.4: “Members shall endeavor to establish or maintain a single window..” Source: WB Doing Business Report 2012/2013, UNECE-UN/CEFACT 2005/2011

8. SWs have become a strategic national instruments to facilitate trade, enhance collaboration between trade related government agencies, and increase export competitiveness More common in developing economies than developed economies Goal of SW is not the SW itself! Interoperability a major challenge

9. One size does not fit all - there are many different Regulatory SW models & approaches, e.g.  e-Customs, Customs-oriented Single Window  Trade (and Cargo) oriented regulatory Single Window  Transport-oriented regulatory Single Window, e.g. EU e-Maritime or Maritime SW And..different models other than regulatory-oriented SWs  Port Community Systems (PCSs)  eFreight  eCommerce/eTrade, etc. Possibility of many “Single” Windows in one country Interoperability a major challenge –both within country and especially between countries

10. Maritime SW Trade SW e-Freight Port Community System (PCS) e-Trade Buyers/Importers Marine Department Ship Piloting Vessel Traffic Safety Ship Agents Sellers/Exporters Importer’s Banks Exporter’s Banks Port Authority Terminal Operator Vessel Operator Freight Forwarders Hauler Operators Warehouses Terminal Operators Regulatory Agents Port-equipment Operators Customs Department Quarantine & SPS Agency Other government agencies Health Department Customs Brokers Traders Freight Forwarders Traders Haulers Vessels Air lines

11. One question, many answers: «our e-Customs system, our e- logistics system, our Port Community System, our national electronic trade platform, our eMaritime SW,..» Single Window Architecture:  How do stakeholders collaborate?  How is the information exchange organized?  What are the objectives, business models, … Three Single Window Architectures : 11

12. Maritime SW Trade SW e-Freight Port Community System (PCS) e-Trade Networking of IOS in cross border trade Buyers/Importers Marine Department Ship Piloting Vessel Traffic Safety Ship Agents Sellers/Exporters Importer’s Banks Exporter’s Banks Port Authority Terminal Operator Vessel Operator Freight Forwarders Hauler Operators Warehouses Terminal Operators Regulatory Agents Port-equipment Operators Customs Department Quarantine & SPS Agency Other government agencies Health Department Customs Brokers Traders Freight Forwarders Traders Haulers Vessels Air lines

13. IOS: A system for collaboration and information exchange among independent stakeholders in international trade IOS Characteristic: focussed, limited number of stakeholders, fast implementation, dynamic, supra- national,..

14. UN/CEFACT is working on the development of UNECE Recommendation 36 on Single Window Interoperability – we would welcome your input on this This will focus on regulatory requirements (G2G) Currently preparing four papers on SWI: Business Needs Semantic Interoperability Governance Legal Model

15. SWI entails laws and regulatory requirements of two or more states - which may be in conflict Rec 36 - legal section on how to reconcile the differing legal frameworks – for SWI. Concept of ‘legal interoperability’

16. Rec 36 SWI Legal Framework focuses on regulatory aspects – e.g. declarations and other communications between and with Customs administrations and other import & export regulatory bodies. So SWI in Rec 36 focuses on G2G issue - regulation. The most difficult legal issues of SWI fall under B2G (or even B2B). Rec 36 will not address these.

17. Introduction of methods (other than signature) to authenticate documents Creation of a legal framework that permits and gives equal status to authentication methods other than manual-ink signature Efforts should be made to avoid creating electronic solutions which are more cumbersome or costly than the manual process.

18. Likely to be a workshop of SW implementers to discuss these papers in Geneva early next year – you are all welcome to participate This will be followed by a global SW conference on SW Interoperability in late 2015 or early 2016.

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20. 20 Single Windows and Supply Chains in the Next Decade: http://www.unece.org/fileadm in/DAM/trade/Publications/E CE-TRADE-402.pdf See also UNECE SW Repository: http://www.unece.org/cefact/si ngle_window/welcome.html

21. 21 Thank You Tom Butterly, UNECE tom.butterly@unece.org