1. Appendicular Skeleton
Axial Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton
Skull
Sternum
Ribs
Vertebral column
Section 36-1
Metatarsals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Clavicle
Scapula
Humerus
Radius
Pelvis
Ulna
Carpals
Femur
Patella
Fibula
Tibia
Tarsals
DO NOW

2. Skull or Cranium

4. Clavicle

5. Scapula

6. Costals (Ribs)

7. Vertebra

8. Humerus

9. Ulna

10. Radius

11. Clavicle
Scapula
Sternum
Costals (Ribs)
Humerus
Vertebra
Ulna
Radius

13. Pelvis

14. Femur

15. Patella

16. Tibia

17. Fibula

18. Bones of the Hand

19. Carpals
Bones of the Hand

20. Metacarpals
Carpals
Bones of the Hand

21. Phalanges
Metacarpals
Carpels
Bones of the Hand

22. Bones of the Foot

23. Tarsals
Bones of the Foot

24. Metatarsals
Tarsals
Bones of the Foot

25. Phalanges
Metatarsals
Tarsals
Bones of the Foot

26. Skeletal System and Disorders

27. Give Yourself a Hand
If you’ve ever looked at a construction site, you know that a building is supported by a framework of beams. Your body also has a supporting framework. Instead of steel beams, bones support the human body. The beams that support a building are attached in a way that forms a rigid structure. Unlike these beams, the bones that support the body are connected in a way that allows them to move.

28. The Skeletal System Parts of the skeletal system
Bones (skeleton)
Joints
Cartilages
Ligaments
Two subdivisions of the skeleton
Axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton

29. Functions of Bones fats Blood Support the body Protect soft organs
Allow ________________due to attached skeletal muscles
Store ___________and ____________.
______________cell formation
movement
minerals
fats
Blood

30. • The outside layers of bone are ____________and __________.
These layers contain mostly _____________, such as calcium.
It takes a lot of force to break bones.
strong
hard
minerals

31. grow living • Bones are ________structures.
Bones contain ___________and___________.
Bones __________and __________as you do.
Bones can also ____themselves if they break.
blood
nerves
grow
develop
fix

32. Red Yellow _________marrow makes blood cells.
• The center of many bones contains soft tissue called _____________.
_________marrow makes blood cells.
___________ marrow stores fat in case the body needs it for energy.
marrow
Red
Yellow

34. Figure 36-3 The Structure of Bone
Spongy bone
Compact bone
Periosteum
Bone marrow
Artery
Vein

35. False Pelvis
False Pelvis
Inlet of True Pelvis
Pelvic
Arch
More than 900
Less than 900
Male
Female

36. joint Cartilage A __________ is where two bones meet.
Tough tissues called______________ hold together the bones in movable joints.
A tissue called _________________covers the ends of the bones.
Cartilage keeps the bones from rubbing together at the joint.
joint
ligaments
Cartilage

38. Figure 36-4 Freely Movable Joints and Their Movements
Section 36-1
Ball-and-Socket Joint
Pivot Joint
Clavicle
Ball-and-socket joint
Scapula
Humerus
Humerus
Radius
Pivot joint
Ulna
Hinge Joint
Saddle Joint
Femur
Patella
Hinge joint
Tibia
Fibula
Metacarpals
Carpals
Saddle joint

39. Demonstrating the Importance of Friction-Reducing Structures
.Obtain a small water balloon and clamp. Partially fill the balloon with water (it should still be flaccid), and clamp it closed.
.Position the balloon atop one of your fists and press down on its top surface with the other fist. Push on the balloon until your two fists touch, and move your fists back and forth over one another. Assess the amount of friction generated.
.Unclamp the balloon and add more water. The goal is to get just enough water in the balloon so that your fists cannot come into contact with one another but remain separated by a thin water layer when pressure is applied to the balloon.
.Once again, perform the same movements to assess the amount of friction generated.
.How does the presence of a sac containing fluid influence the amount of friction generated?
.What anatomical structure(s) does the water-containing balloon mimic?
.What anatomical structures might be represented by your fists?

43. • As people get older, their bones may lose minerals
• As people get older, their bones may lose minerals. Then the bones are weak and break easily.
osteoporosis (ahs tee oh puh ROH sis)

44. • A __________is when the end of a bone comes out of its joint.
• A _________a break in a bone. The bone may be just cracked, or it may be completely broken in two.
• A __________is when the end of a bone comes out of its joint.
• A ___________is when ligaments are stretched and torn. Sprains are the most common joint injuries.
fracture
dislocation
sprain

46. 46

48. 48

49. What kind of fracture is this?
It’s kind of tough to tell, but this is a _ _ _ _ _ _ fracture. 49

50. 50

51. 51

52. 52

53. 53

54. Skeletal Changes Throughout Life

55. Skeletal Changes Throughout Life
Figure 5.35