1. Thomas Hobbes British (1588-1679) Leviathan (1654)
State of nature: “Life is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.”

2. John Locke British (1632-1704) Social contract theory
Man is reasoned and tolerant

3. Jean Jaques Rousseau Swiss political philosopher
Father of the French Revolution
The Social Contract (1762)
“Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains”

4. Political Theorists
Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau

5. Thomas Hobbes Man is inherently evil Social Contract
People forego their right to everything
Agree to transfer their rights to one person --sovereign
As long as the state provides peace the citizens MUST be loyal—do not have the right to resist the sovereign

6. John Locke All humans have the right to life, liberty, and property
State is responsible for securing natural rights
Citizens must be protected from the misuse of state power
Separation of powers
Legislative, Judicial, Executive
Citizens can relieve officials from office if they violate the trust placed in them by the people

7. Jean Jacques Rousseau
Citizens should have a positive claim to property
Society’s property should be distributed equally
Main concern is the freedom of the people
Two conditions of government:
All people treated equally in contract
Must ensure differing interests do not exist by making sure everyone has the same amount of property

8. WHO SAID IT??
"The life of man, is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short."

9. WHO SAID IT??
I believe that the natural state is "a condition of war of everyone against everyone."

10. WHO SAID IT??
I believe people are equal and have the right to life, liberty, and property.

11. WHO SAID IT??
I support the idea of an absolute monarchy and total allegiance to the sovereign.

12. WHO SAID IT??
I believe people have the right to change the government if it doesn't best serve the people.

13. WHO SAID IT??
I believe everyone should own the same amount of property.

14. WHO SAID IT??
"All wealth is the product of labor."

15. WHO SAID IT??
Who believes government is necessary to prevent people from harming each other?

16. WHO SAID IT??
I believe that life in a state of nature is purer than in civilization.

17. WHO SAID IT??
My theory is what the United States' government is founded on.