1. Module 06
The Skills

2. What’s Inside
Reading skills in ESP
Listening to monologue
Listening and speaking skills in ESP
Speaking monologue
Writing skills in ESP

3. - Text as a Linguistic Object (TALO)
Reading skills in ESP
- Text as a Linguistic Object (TALO)
- Text as a Vehicle of Information (TAVI)
(Johns and Davies, 1983)

4. The reading component of ESP requires a balance between skills and language development:
Selecting what is relevant for the current purpose
Using all the features of the text such as headings, layout, typeface
Skimming for content and meaning

5. Scanning for specifics
Identifying organisational patterns
Understanding relations within a sentence and between sentences
Using cohesive and discourse markers
Predicting, inferring and guessing

6. Identifying main ideas, supporting ideas and examples
Processing and evaluating the information during reading
Transferring or using the information while or after reading
(Alderson, 1984)

7. Listening to monologue Features of monologue:
Phonology
Speed of delivery
Real time processing
Note-taking in real time
Deducing the speaker’s attitude
The teaching of listening comprehension

8. Listening and speaking skills in ESP
Spoken Interaction in EAP and AOP:
- Active listening
- Questioning
- One to one spoken interactions
- Multi person spoken interactions

9. Speaking monologue Key features of oral presentations Structuring
Voice work
Advance signalling or signposts

10. Writing skills in ESP
Teaching writing:
a) The product approach
b) The process approach
c) The social-constructionist approach
d) A synthesis of approach

11. Module 07
The Skills

12. What’s Inside
Reading skills in ESP
Listening to monologue
Listening and speaking skills in ESP
Speaking monologue
Writing skills in ESP

13. Reading skills in ESP Designing and teaching reading courses
Selecting texts
Using the information that has been gathered
Extracting and recoding information

14. Listening to monologue
Micro skills and language (Richards 1983):
Identify the purpose and scope of monologue
Identify the topic of lecture and follow topic development
Recognise the role of discourse maker

15. Recognize key lexical items related to subject/topic
Deduce meanings of words from context
Recognize function or intonation to signal information structure (ex. Pitch, volume, pace, key)

16. Listening and speaking skills in ESP
Teaching listening and speaking skills:
Speaking activities : provide a scenario for interaction whereas learners might find it helpful to consider first what the features of a successful interaction would be.

17. Listening Activities: (in EAP) note-taking and showing understanding by answering questions on the content
Showing understanding is achieved through the use of paraphrasing, summarising and questioning.
(listening): fill in the blanks, take notes and answer comprehension questions.

18. Speaking monologue
mostly teaching of oral presentations in EAP occurs in English-medium situations with some examples.

19. Writing skills in ESP
What is involved in writing:
- planning
- drafting
- revising