2. n TDT-2000 – November 16-17 Gaithersburg, MD 1 T o p i c G r a n u l a r i t y Exploring topic events and event relationships within TDT topics http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/Projects/Topic_Gran

3. n TDT-2000 – November 16-17 Gaithersburg, MD 2 (In progress) Topic Granularity Investigation (In progress) Motivation uCurrent TDT topic-based annotation - too coarse? uTDT topics vary in granularity usome events minimal hits, others may join large number of events defined as related under rules of interpretation. Tasks (retaining definitions established for TDT topics/events/stories) A) investigate topic granularity (events within topics) uRead all on-topic stories, identify multiple TDT-style events (specific occurrence at specific time and place) uannotate stories for relevance to each event uusing search engine, perform complete search-guided annotation of the new set of events B) investigate relations among events uWill be completed as time/budget allow Overview

4. n TDT-2000 – November 16-17 Gaithersburg, MD 3 What counts as an event? Direct action “President Clinton left today for a tour of South Korea” Reported activities “President Clinton …called completely unacceptable a demand by North Korea for $300 million before American inspectors can check out sites.” Official Announcements - First statements regarding event. “The Clinton administration said Friday the U.S. is ruling out a resumption of American aid to Cambodia until the ruling party forms a coalition government with its rivals. Unconfirmed report: the statement is the event “A government statement quotes the railway minister as saying the accident could have been caused by a broken coupler that links the train cars together, or by a fractured rail. But nothing is official.” Weather/Disaster, Discovery stories several events in small span of time as new findings uncovered. “At least 92 people were killed when two train collided today in India. 141 people were injured.” “Giant cranes untangles piled up train carriages Friday to uncover more victims--” Defining Events

5. n TDT-2000 – November 16-17 Gaithersburg, MD 4 Event Differences  Implicit bias present in news reporting - reporting style guides reader to certain conclusions and relationships between events. –expect impact in establishment of relationships between events  Difference in presentation by source and language. –Events reported as explicit facts in Mandarin. –More reporter analysis, commentary present in English sources.  Events reported in one language, not reported in other language sources

6. n TDT-2000 – November 16-17 Gaithersburg, MD 5 On topic stories / events identified 3001 - Government Coalition 3003 - Pinochet Trial 3016 - Swissair Crash 3049 - North Korean Nuclear Facility 3057 - Indian Train Derailment

7. n TDT-2000 – November 16-17 Gaithersburg, MD 6 Event clustering

8. n TDT-2000 – November 16-17 Gaithersburg, MD 7 Future Complete Annotation Re-annotate corpus in regard to events for five topics Time permitting…….. Categorize Relations (links) between events (same event, independent event, consequence.) Allow multiple specialists (non-specialists?) to categorize same data http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/Projects/Topic_Gran/

9. n TDT-2000 – November 16-17 Gaithersburg, MD 8

10. 9 Article example PARIS (AP) -- French authorities on Thursday officially asked Britain to extradite former Chilean leader Augusto Pinochet so he can face charges related to the disappearance of French citizens. A Justice Ministry statement said the extradition request was sent to British authorities via the French Foreign Ministry. A French court sent a temporary arrest warrant for Pinochet to British authorities on Nov. 3, accusing him of ``sequestration followed by torture.'' It was the final step necessary before France could officially ask for extradition. Three French families have filed complaints against Pinochet in France. The relative of one of them, Etienne Pesle, disappeared after military officials arrested him in his office in September 1973. He had lived for several years in Chile with his Chilean wife and three children. The last report of Pesle seen alive was by a Chilean soldier, who said he saw Pesle soon after being driven out of a military camp, his hands tied behind his back. Pinochet was arrested Oct. 16 in London on a Spanish extradition warrant citing charges of genocide, torture and kidnapping during his 17-year rule, which began in 1973 when he toppled Salvador Allende. Switzerland also has requested Pinochet's arrest and extradition on charges of murder, kidnapping and torture. And Chilean exiles in Sweden, Belgium, Norway and Germany have filed criminal complaints they hope will lead to extradition requests. In Britain Thursday, prosecutors wrapped up their appeal of a court ruling allowing Pinochet immunity from prosecution there, arguing that the crimes against humanity he is charged with ``unequivocally'' violate international law. A report by Chile's government says about 3,000 people were killed or disappeared at the hands of secret police under Pinochet. Chile has protested his arrest, saying it strains the country's democracy.

11. n TDT-2000 – November 16-17 Gaithersburg, MD 10 North Korean Nuclear crisis Events Event was reported in : English Mandarin Both Lang.

12. n TDT-2000 – November 16-17 Gaithersburg, MD 11 Reports by source - Pinochet

13. n TDT-2000 – November 16-17 Gaithersburg, MD 12 Multiple events same day 10/18 Some members of Chile's ruling coalition government say that justice should be allowed to "take its course," and refuse to intervene in the arrest of Pinochet. NBC19981018.1830.0509 10/18 Anti-Pinochet Demonstrators, mostly Chilean nationals living in London, gather outside the London clinic where Pinochet is recovering from back surgery to show their support for the former dictator's arrest and extradition. NYT19981018.0098 NYT19981018.0098 10/18 The arrest of Pinochet by British officials on behalf of Spain sparks a political debate in Britain between the present Labor govt. and the opposition "Tories" who while in power regularly permitted Pinochet to enter and leave England. NYT19981018.0098 10/18 US officials have agreed to provide Spanish authorities with documents related to human rights abuses in Chile during Pinochet's reign. NYT19981018.0123 NYT19981018.0123

14. n TDT-2000 – November 16-17 Gaithersburg, MD 13 TOPIC “A seminal event or activity, plus all derivative (directly related) facts, events, or activities.”EVENT “A reported occurrence at a specific time and place, and the unavoidable consequences. Specific elections, accidents, crimes, natural disasters.” ACTIVITY “A connected set of actions that have a common focus or purpose - campaigns, investigations, disaster relief efforts”STORY “A story is a newswire article or a segment of news broadcast with a coherent news focus” Event