1. From PLATO Global Education Network to the Mash Up Global University Göran Karlsson School of Engineering Sciences KTH-Mechanics karlsson@mech.kth.se Activity 2.3 Training of trainersJan. 25, 2010Stockholm, Sweden

2. KTH Teachers’ Professional and ICT Competencies 1958: University of Illinios at Urbana-Champaign. Chalmers Sherwin, a physicist at the University of Illinois, suggested a computerized learning system to the engineering college dean. After weeks of meetings they were unable to suggest a single-design system. The laboratory assistant Donald Bitzer (later professor), suggested he could build a demonstration system. Activity 2.3 Training of trainersJan. 25, 2010Stockholm, Sweden

3. KTH Teachers’ Professional and ICT Competencies Bitzer, regarded as the Father of PLATO, rejected modern educational thinking, and returned to a basic drill-based educational system. 1960: The first system, PLATO I, operated on the local ILLIAC I computer. It included a television set for display and a special keyboard for navigating the system's function menus. 1961: PLATO II, featured two users at once. PLATO = Programmed Logic for Automated Teaching Operations. Activity 2.3 Training of trainersJan. 25, 2010Stockholm, Sweden

4. KTH Teachers’ Professional and ICT Competencies 1967: PLATO III allowed "anyone" to design new lesson modules using their TUTOR programming language. Could simultaneously run up to 20 lessons, and was used by a local facilities in Urbana-Champaing that could enter the system with their custom terminals. NSF funding. Main frame computer donation from Control Data (CDC 1604). Activity 2.3 Training of trainersJan. 25, 2010Stockholm, Sweden

5. KTH Teachers’ Professional and ICT Competencies 1972: PLATO IV. Bitzer’s invention the touchable plasma screen. Fast vector line drawing capability and ran at 1260 baud, rendering 60 lines or 180 characters per second. Both character and vector plotting. Users could provide their own characters to support rudimentary bitmap graphics. 16-by-16 grid infrared touch panel allowing students to answer questions by touching anywhere on the screen Activity 2.3 Training of trainersJan. 25, 2010Stockholm, Sweden

6. KTH Teachers’ Professional and ICT Competencies 1975: CDC Cyber 73. 150 locations in the US. 1979: Stig Björklund starts the PLATO group at KTH. Activity 2.3 Training of trainersJan. 25, 2010Stockholm, Sweden 1979: PLATO V. Microprocessor development. Intelligent terminals. 1980: Micro-PLATO. Viking terminals. Death to PLATO and CD. CDs own fault.

7. KTH Teachers’ Professional and ICT Competencies PLATO had an advanced worldwide communication system (PLATO notes) long before ARPANET and Internet. Advanced editors (developed at KTH). Graphic editor (developed at KTH). Graphich communication (developed) at KTH. Extensively used in South Africa (University of Western Cape).Used at KTH; but never generically understood, nor accepted. Used worldwide. ”Emails” already in the beginning of the ’80s. Activity 2.3 Training of trainersJan. 25, 2010Stockholm, Sweden

8. KTH Teachers’ Professional and ICT Competencies In parallel: XEROX Park visited Univ. Of Illinois 1972. Took back the ideas about graphical screens to Palo Alto. Started to develop a graphically based computer operating system. Handled over the idea to Apple Computer, where Steve Jobs started 1978 to develop Lisa, which was much more advanced than the first Macintosh OS. Activity 2.3 Training of trainersJan. 25, 2010Stockholm, Sweden

9. KTH Teachers’ Professional and ICT Competencies Education: Authoring systems, Concurrent authoring systems, ideas about grapichal concurrent authoring via icons (as then Lisa, Macintosh, Windows). EU support: COMETT, UETPs. 1982: Steve Jobs was pushed out of the Lisa project and started to develop Macintosh. 1984: Apple Computer launches Macintosh. 1985. Microsoft adds Windows 1.0 to MS-DOS. Activity 2.3 Training of trainersJan. 25, 2010Stockholm, Sweden

10. KTH Teachers’ Professional and ICT Competencies And now! LMS, LCMS etc. Adobe Connect Pro Google Sweden Activity 2.3 Training of trainersJan. 25, 2010Stockholm, Sweden