1. Chapter 13 Biometrics What you are http://www.hipaadvisory.com/tech/biometrics.htm

2. Handwritten signatures Requires careful examination Rarely examined closely Electronic examination has high fault rates Have to use signature tablet Detects velocity etc of signature Links http://www.answers.com/topic/biometric-signature http://www.findbiometrics.com/Pages/signature%20articles/signature_2.html http://www.cybersign.com/

3. Biometrics Trade-off False acceptance rate Fraud (type 1) False rejection rate Insult (type 2) Must balance Often times simply used as deterrent in retail Or as supplement

4. Links http://www.farpoint.com/false_ar.htm http://www.bioid.com/sdk/docs/About_EER.ht m http://www.bioid.com/sdk/docs/About_EER.ht m http://et.wcu.edu/aidc/BioWebPages/Biometric s_Technology.html http://et.wcu.edu/aidc/BioWebPages/Biometric s_Technology.html http://www.findbiometrics.com/Pages/guide3.h tml http://www.findbiometrics.com/Pages/guide3.h tml http://www.speechtechmag.com/issues/3_3/co ver/442-1.html http://www.speechtechmag.com/issues/3_3/co ver/442-1.html

5. Face recognition Oldest method of all Humans very unreliable in doing this with strangers Yet widely used in photo IDs Again often a simple deterrent Electronically Identity verification Face in crowd

6. Links Manual http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2 405/is_3_130/ai_107124686 http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2 405/is_3_130/ai_107124686 http://www.apa.org/releases/facerecog.html Electronic http://www.face-rec.org/ http://www.frvt.org/

7. Fingerprints Large player in biometric industry Accepted in our culture for identification Used widely in law enforcement for identification Matching against database time consuming Proper to use in “sweeps” DNA replacing to some degree

8. Links FingerPrinting History http://inventors.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?si te=http://onin.com/fp/fphistory.html http://inventors.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?si te=http://onin.com/fp/fphistory.html http://inventors.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?si te=http://www.redwop.com/minutiae.asp%3Faction =showArticle%26ID=105 http://inventors.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?si te=http://www.redwop.com/minutiae.asp%3Faction =showArticle%26ID=105 http://biometrics.cse.msu.edu/fingerprint.html Automatic http://www.biometritech.com/features/shen0902.ht m http://www.biometritech.com/features/shen0902.ht m

9. FingerPrints When doing “sweeps” even very small false positive rates bite you Fingerprint impressions are “noisy” Assumption that a method is infallible generates complacency in use Belief that is infallible produces extreme consequences when it does

10. Iris Codes Advantages Best error rates Limited genetic influence Very random Disadvantages Intrusive to obtain Possible impersonation attacks using pictures Iris identification article http://www.sans.org/rr/whitepapers/authentication/1341.php

11. Voice Recognition Problems Background noise Digital reproduction from previously recorded Imitation Forensic Phonology Matching voice to phone call

12. Others Face thermo grams Scent Hand geometry Gait DNA (spit in the device )

13. What goes wrong DNA high false positives, sloppy lab work Environmental conditions Age (in law enforcement) Print must be “new” Grannies finger in pickle jar Collusions Intentionally downgrade sample (handwritting) Combining biometrics to get lower error rate May increase false negatives Anomalies in the population Damaged fingerprints Missing hands Religious issues http://www.aboutbibleprophecy.com/revelation_13_16.htm

14. Articles Case of false positive with fingerprints echelon carnivore Religious issues and biometric identification

15. Past Articles Carnivore echelon http://compnetworking.about.com/od/networ ksecurityprivacy/l/aa071900b.htm http://compnetworking.about.com/od/networ ksecurityprivacy/l/aa071900b.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECHELON fingerprinting http://www.freepress.org/columns/display/2/ 2006/1317 http://www.freepress.org/columns/display/2/ 2006/1317