1. 03/10/2003 Week #3 江支弘 Chapter Three Statistical Process Control

2. 03/10/2003 Week #3 江支弘 QUALITY IMPROVEMENT AND STATISTICS 品質改善與統計 quality improvement statistical quality control fitness for use quality of design quality of conformance reduction of variability elimination of defects elimination of waste

3. 03/10/2003 Week #3 江支弘 Control Chart 品質管制圖 Monitor a production process or an operation Predetermined control limits Assignable causes, e.g. machinery, operator, raw materials, or environmental disturbance

4. 03/10/2003 Week #3 江支弘 Sampling Distributions 取樣分佈 Frequency curve for sample mean Bell shape, regardless of the shape of the parent population’s frequency curve Central value μ 與母體相同 Less variation  standard error of sample mean

5. 03/10/2003 Week #3 江支弘

6. 03/10/2003 Week #3 江支弘 Normal density curves 常態密度曲線 Symmetric and bell-shaped 鐘型 ( 鈴鐺形 ) 鈴鐺形 Can be completely described by mean and standard deviation Mean  center of the distribution, center of symmetry Standard deviation  shape of the curve, distance from mean to change-of-curvature points on either side

7. 03/10/2003 Week #3 江支弘 Mean and Standard Deviation 平均值與標準差

8. 03/10/2003 Week #3 江支弘 Normal distributions and 68-95-99.7 rule 68% of observations fall within one standard deviation, , of the mean 95%  two  ’s 99.7%  three  ’s

9. 03/10/2003 Week #3 江支弘

10. 03/10/2003 Week #3 江支弘 In and Out-of Control A process is in control  f3-2a out of control  f3-2b

11. 03/10/2003 Week #3 江支弘 In Control

12. 03/10/2003 Week #3 江支弘 Out of Control

13. 03/10/2003 Week #3 江支弘 取樣時間的 母體特徵