1. 1 GPS Waypoint Navigation Team M-2: Charles Norman (M2-1) Julio Segundo (M2-2) Nan Li (M2-3) Shanshan Ma (M2-4) Design Manager: Zack Menegakis Presentation 5: Top-Level Integration February 20, 2006 Overall Project Objective: Design a chip that navigates an aircraft to pre-determined waypoints.

2. 2 Status Design Proposal Design Proposal Project chosen Project chosen Architecture Proposal Architecture Proposal MATLAB simulated MATLAB simulated Behavioral Verilog written & simulated Behavioral Verilog written & simulated Floorplan Floorplan Structural Verilog written & simulated (except left side due to clock/buffer issues) Structural Verilog written & simulated (except left side due to clock/buffer issues) Accurate transistor count Accurate transistor count Schematic Design Schematic Design Schematic done, not tested completely Schematic done, not tested completely  Layout  Simulations

3. 3 Design Decisions  Accuracy –Latitude and longitude inputs in decimal format (6 decimal places) –GPS ~105 feet to 1 foot  Power –On/Off Power Control for Logic Modules  I/O pins –Reduced from >200 to 74 pins  Clock speed/buffers –Reduced 6 different clock speeds to 4 –All clock dividers depend on input clock to reduce delay –Transistor count went from 6,000  12,000  9,000 –Demux  Serial-Parallel Shift Register  Ripple carry adder  Ripple carry adder –Consume 60,000 times less static power than dynamic power at 1.8V –Added two invertors to comparators with carry outs to strengthen signal

4. 4 Clock Speed  Input –61.44 kHz for input –Serial to parallel => 61.44kHz/30 = 2048Hz  Heading –8Hz for registers before the heading calculation –To observe changes in both longitude and latitude  50 knots = 50*105 feet/min = 5250 feet/480 cyc ~ 11 feet/cyc –Gives accurate direction and speed –Gives accurate direction and speed  Output to Black box –Parallel to serial => 8Hz *30 = 240hz

5. 5 Clock Speed /* Clock converter from 61.44KHz to 2048Hz */ module inputclk (output clk, input clock,rst); wire [4:0] sum,num; reg5 r(num,sum,clock,rst,clk); add1_30 a1(sum,num); and (clk,num[4],num[3],num[2],num[1]); endmodule /* Clock converter from 61.44KHz to 240Hz */ module rclk (output clkr, input clock,rst); wire [7:0] sum,num; reg8 r(num,sum,clock,rst,clkr); add1_255 a(sum,num); and (clkr1,num[7],num[6],num[5]); and (clkr2,num[4],num[3],num[2]); and (clkr,clkr1,clkr2,num[1],num[0]); endmodule /* Clock converter from 61.44KHz to 8Hz*/ module outputclk (output clock8, input clock,rst); wire [12:0] sum,num; reg13 r(num,sum,clock,rst,clock8); add1_7680 a(sum,num); and (clock8,num[12],num[11],num[10],num[9]); endmodule /* Counter for Blackbox */ module counterr (output [29:0] ar, input clkr,clock,rst); wire [4:0] sum, numr; reset rcl(reset,clock,rst); reg5 r(numr,sum,clkr,reset,rest); add1_30 a(sum,numr); andnum an(ar,numr); and (rest,numr[4],numr[3],numr[2],numr[0]); endmodule module reset (output sto, input clock,rst); wire [8:0] sum,num; reg_9 r(num,sum,clock,rst,sto); add1_511 a(sum,num); and (clkr1,num[7],num[6],num[5]); and (clkr2,num[4],num[3],num[2]); and (st,clkr1,clkr2,num[1],num[0]); xor (sto,st,num[8]); endmodule

6. 6 Serial - Parallel Shift Register

7. 7 Ripple Carry Adder

8. 8

9. 9 Overflow Case Problem : Flying over the border +180 to -180 Solution : if either longitude is negative and it’s close to the border, add 360 to the negative value

10. 10 Block Level System Diagram

11. 11 Transistor Estimates Component Last Count Recent Count FSM214272 SRAM25403050 Registers/Buffers61009430 Speed Comparator Angle Comparator Altitude Comparator Waypoint Comparator 38047075029001849084723526 Heading Calculator 26003232 Distance Calculator 30202332 Speed Calculator 10701134 Total20,10024,540

12. 12 SRAM

13. 13 Problems  Over flow cases = transistor counts BOOM!  Clock delay causes problems… –Different reset times  fsm  sram  counter (Parallel-Serial to blackbox) –Transistor count

14. 14 What’s Next… Here’s what’s on our agenda for next week…  Finish testing Schematics  Creating Module Layout

15. 15 Questions? Comments? Ideas?