1. ESRM 304 Final Exam Hints The exam will contain up to 7 sections of : Short Answers, Calculations, Definitions, Multiple Choice, and/or True and False. About 30 Final Exam questions Wednesday, June 09, 2010, 230-420 pm, WFS 201 Closed books/notes, bring calculator, pencil/eraser

2. Survey and Navigation Magnetic Declination (define) What bearing corresponds to an azimuth of 139 degrees? a)221 o b)N 41 o E c)S 41 o W d)S 41 o E

3. Wildlife Sampling Logistic population growth (define) Wildlife Population (define) When using the Lincoln Index to estimate population abundance, you realize that some of your marked animals are losing their tags. What does this do to your population estimate? Explain why. When trapping small mammals on a grid of live traps, one accumulates the number of individual animals captured over several trapping periods, and one knows the area of the trapping grid. One can calculate a density from these data. Why is it known as a “naïve” density estimate? What must be done to make it “sophisticated”?

4. Social Environment Describe what information is displayed in a stand table and explain why the information is useful in this format. The Ranger at St. Edward Park wants to do a study of the recreation uses at the park, with results to be used to make management decisions. Briefly describe two different approaches and how they would be applied to collect data about visitors at the park. What are the primary activities or steps in the research cycle? You may do a simple diagram or write a bullet list of the steps.

5. Soils and Microclimate Assume that no soil’s map was available for an area of land that you are working on. a)In no more than 6 steps, describe what you would do to determine the type of soil at a location. b)Explain what, if anything, you would do differently if a soil map of the area was available. Critical information needed to calculate the total content of a nutrient in a soil is: a) soil depth, soil nutrient concentration and soil bulk density b) moisture content, soil horizon type and soil horizon thickness c) nutrient uptake, nutrient leaching losses and solution nutrient concentration d) forest floor depth, percent slope and aspect e) soil nutrient concentration and soil texture

6. Hydrology Describe in some detail one of the following stream dimensions. Include any management challenges inherent in the chosen dimension: a) Longitudinal b) Lateral c) Vertical Describe how you can estimate stream volume if you have only a watch and no fancy equipment.

7. Tree Canopy Site Index (define) DBH (define) Stock Table (define) What is the tree factor of a 100-ft tall tree with a DBH of 28.1 inches sitting in a square, fixed-area plot of size 0.1 acre? a) 0.01 b) 1 c)10 d) 0.1

8. Understory What bearing corresponds to an azimuth of 139 degrees? Describe a method used to determine understory vegetation cover? What attributes of CWD are recorded when measuring it?

9. Remote Sensing Why does vegetation appear very bright in infrared photographs or images? Compare and contrast active versus passive remote sensing. What is the most desirable stereo overlap along a flightline and side-lap between aerial photographs? a)80% along flightline; 50% parallel flightlines b)50% along flightline; 80% parallel flightlines c)20% along flightline; 60% parallel flightlines d)60% along flightline; 20% parallel flightlines