1. Version 1.0

2. Technical Information Take Off Straight Flight Series Three Inside Loops Reverse Outside Loop One Inside Loop Double Stall Turn One Horizontal Roll Three Horizontal Rolls Four Point Roll Eight Point Roll Slow Roll Double Immelman Immelman Turn 180 Degree Turn ½ Reverse Cuban Eight Cuban Eight Top Hat Running Eight Three Turn Spin Straight Inverted Flight Figure M With ½ Roll Landing A VIRTUAL JUDGING GUIDE Take THIS INFO with you if you don’t take anything else from this presentation. CLICK HERECLICK HERE

3. From “Competitor’s Guide”: FLIGHT PATTERN/MANEUVER AREA:  All schedules to be executed in order given by the manual.  Uninterrupted flight for each round.  Infractions of any/all of following items cause downgrade(s):  Each maneuver must be clearly visible to judges.  Takeoff direction at the pilots discretion.  All maneuvers must be called so judges can hear (pilot or caller).  Each maneuver must have a “Start” and “Stop” call.  Maneuver performed each time model passes in front of judges.  Scheduled “Fly-by’s” are excluded from above rule.  All out-of-order maneuvers are Zeros, except landing.

4. Competitor’s Guide, cont.: GENERAL MANEUVER SPECIFICATIONS:  Maneuver Positioning:  Almost all maneuvers to be flown on a line parallel to runway.  Distance out to be no greater than 300 ft. (~100 meters) from pilot.  Exceptions: Procedure Turn, Flat Horizontal Eight & Traffic Pattern.  Maneuver tops no greater than 60 degrees up from judges’ viewpoint.  INDIVIDUAL MANEUVER SPECIFICS:  Each maneuver shall have a 50-ft. straight-and-level path preceding and following the first and last maneuver component.  Exceptions: Novice & Antique Sportsman Procedure Turn, following flat Figure Eight, and after completion of Traffic Pattern.  Landing to be announced as “Landing beginning at six feet.”  No bonus shall be given for exceptionally low maneuver placement.  Entry and exit altitudes should be consistent except for Immelman Turn, Three-turn Spin, and Traffic Pattern.  No bonus shall be given for excessively large maneuvers.

5.  INDIVIDUAL MANEUVER SPECIFICS, continued:  Maneuver size should be proportional to the distance out it is flown.  Scores for each maneuver shall be based only on the skill with which it is presented and flown (not model appearance or performance, itself).  Presentation points:  Centered maneuvers.  Smooth, straight lines in maneuver segments.  Smooth transitions to loop segments of maneuvers.  Graceful loop segments with consistent radii.  Consistent maneuver sizes.  Properly-centered maneuver components (e.g., rolls in Top Hat). Competitor’s Guide, cont.: GENERAL MANEUVER SPECIFICATIONS, cont.:

6.  MANEUVER DOWNGRADES, according to:  Type of defect.  Severity of defect.  Number of times a defect occurs.  Total number of defects.  Overall positioning of maneuver.  The Guide contains some examples of downgrades.  When a zero is given for a maneuver, judges must consult with each other about the justification for the zero.  MANDATORY ZEROS are to be given for:  Flying behind the specified flight line (zero line) during or between maneuvers.  Maneuver performed out of sequence.  Execution of an illegal (non-scheduled) pass in front of judges. Competitor’s Guide, cont.: JUDGING SECTION:

7.  MANDATORY ZEROS, continued:  Maneuver not completed.  Failure to take off.  Landing outside of runway or landing zone boundaries.  Touching of plane before completion of flight.  Stall Turns:  Flop: zero for single Stall Turn, five points for flopping one of two stalls (Double Stall Turn, Figure M).  The above are applied in addition to defects in the non- zeroed parts of the maneuver).  Not performing exact number of specified component (e.g., three rolls) is a zero. Competitor’s Guide, cont.: JUDGING SECTION, continued:

8.  MANDATORY ZEROS, continued:  MAJOR AND MINOR DEFECTS:  Downgrades for specific maneuvers:  Spins:  A snap roll entry.  Model not stalled on entry.  Less or more than exactly 3 spins  Over- or under-rotation on third spin, on point rolls, etc., should be downgraded proportionally to the magnitude of the error.  Major errors (lack of a straight line segment where one is required, stall turn radius exceeding 1 ½ wingspans, etc. should be downgraded 2 points. Competitor’s Guide, cont.: JUDGING SECTION, continued:

9.  MAJOR AND MINOR DEFECTS, continued:  Point rolls must hesitate on the designated angle with equal time on each point.  One point is deducted for slight variations, while more severe mis- timing is further downgraded.  If one or more points are not visible, or there are more than the required number of points, the maneuver is severely downgraded (five or more points).  OFF-CENTER MANEUVERS:  Deduct two points for each ¼ of a maneuver that the maneuver deviates from exact center (assuming no permitted off centering from judges for sun).  For a loop whose edge just touches the center line, deduct four points; deduct 2 points for a ¼ of a loop offset. Competitor’s Guide, cont.: JUDGING SECTION, continued: CONSULT THE Competitor’s Guide FOR DETAILED INFORMATION!!!! Home

10. STRAIGHT FLIGHT OUT The model must be brought exactly over the center of runway and/or landing circle and flown in an absolutely straight path into the wind for a distance of approximately 300 feet before starting the Procedure Turn (Distance does not have to be accurate, however, judges may specify start of turn it they wish). Downgrades: 1.Does not fly over center of runway and/or landing circle 2.Plane deviates left or right 3.Does not hold constant altitude 4.Turns before permission is given by judge 5.Gallops in elevation

11. PROCEDURE TURN After the straight flight, the model must turn exactly 90 degrees to the left or right, whichever will take the plane away from the spectator line (direction to be specified by the Contest Director) then exactly 270 degrees to the right (or left) and cross over the point where the first turn commenced. Downgrades: 1.Left turn not 90 degrees 2.Right turn not 270 degrees 3.Change in altitude during turn 4.Turns not smooth and circular 5.Does not head back over exact outgoing path

12. STRAIGHT FLIGHT BACK The model should fly back toward the circle along the same line as the outgoing path and pass exactly over the circle. Downgrades: 1.Turns or wiggles during straight flight 2.Change in altitude 3.Gallops in pitch, yaw or roll 4.Flight not along original path 5.Does not pass over circle Home

13. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! MANEUVER SCORE = 10

14. -2 FOR BEING OUT MORE THAN 100 FEET FROM THE EDGE OF THE RUNWAY. ADD -1 FOR EACH ESTIMATED ADDITIONAL 100 FEET SCORE = 8

15. -1 FOR THE PROCEDURE TURN NOT COMING BACK TO THE HORIZONTAL STARTING POINT -1 FOR EACH 50 FEET OF SEPERATION BETWEEN THE OUT AND IN SCORE = 8

16. Home -2 SCORE = 7

17. One Loop or THREE INSIDE LOOPS The model starts the maneuver flying straight and level, then pulls up into a smooth, round loop, followed by a second loop, and a third loop in exactly the same path with a straight and level recovery finish. Downgrades: 1.Loops not round and smooth 2.Loops not superimposed 3.Wings not level during loops 4.Changes in heading during loops 5.Exit not same heading and altitude as entry Home

18. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! MANEUVER SCORE = 10

19. -1 FOR EACH LOOP -1 FOR CENTERING SCORE = 7

20. -1 FOR EACH LOOP -.5 FOR EACH LOOP CENTERING -.5 FOR EACH LOOP

21. Home -.5 USING 1 POINT PER 15 DEGREE RULE -.5 USING 1 POINT PER 15 DEGREE RULE -.5

22. 1 REVERSE OUTSIDE LOOP Model half rolls to inverted, pauses for greater than one (1) second and pushes up to execute an outside loop, pauses for greater than one (1) second then half rolls to level flight. Downgrades: Loop not round Changes in heading during loop and rolls Wings not level during loop Model pauses less than one (1) second before and after loops Pauses of level flight not equal Exit not same altitude and heading as entry Home

23. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! USE THE SAME JUDGING CRITERIA FOR THE ONE TO THREE LOOPS. HOWEVER, FOR EACH 1 SECOND DIFFERENCE IN TIME OF THE ROLL TO CENTER, DEDUCT 1 POINT. THE TIME OF THE FIRST ROLL WILL SET THE TIME THE SECOND ROLL SHOULD BE MANEUVER SCORE = 10

24. DOUBLE STALL TURN Model pulls up into one-quarter (1/4) loop to a vertical track then performs a stall turn through 180 degrees. Model then performs one-half (1/2) loop to a vertical track and performs another stall turn then recovers with another one-quarter (1/4) loop to level flight. The length of the vertical segments is not a judging criteria. Downgrades: 1.Model not flying straight and level at beginning and end of maneuver 2.Track of model does not become exactly vertical at points of turn. 3.Loop segments not round with same size and radius 4.Bottom of half loop not at same altitude as entry and finish 5.Model turns left or right during pull ups 6.Does not yaw tightly through 180 degrees 7.Return track more than one-half (1/2) wingspan from entry path 8.Return paths not parallel to entry path Maneuver not finished at same altitude as entry 9.Vertical segments not equal Home

25. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! MANEUVER SCORE = 10

26. -1 BASED ON THE ONE POINT PER 15 DEGREE RULE, THIS IS GREATER THAN 7.5 DEGREES SO IT WOULD BE A MINUS ONE -2 BASED ON 1 POINT FOR EACH 1 METER DIFFERENCE AND ESTIMATING THIS AT TWO METERS SCORE = 7

27. -2 THE ENTRY OF BOTH SIDES IS NOT A GOOD ¼ ROLL, WE TAKE OFF A POINT FOR EACH SIDE -2 FLAT ON THE BOTOM, NOT A ½ LOOP SCORE = 6

28. Home -3 WITH ½ POINT PER HALF WING SPAN, WITH 6 HALF WING SPANS THIS WILL BE -3. PROVIDED THE REST IS AS IT SHOULD BE THIS WOULD BE A 7 POINT MANEUVER MORE THAN THREE WING SPANS, THIS HALF OF THE MANEUVER IS A ZERO SCORE = 7

29. ONE HORIZONTAL ROLL Model rolls at a uniform rate through one (1) complete revolution in either direction. Center is inverted portion of maneuver. Downgrades: 1.Changes in heading during roll 2.Changes in altitude during roll 3.Roll rate not constant 4.Model does not perform exactly one roll Home

30. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! MANEUVER SCORE = 10

31. -3 -2 SCORE = 3

32. -.5 OR -1 BASED ON THE 1 POINT PER 15 DEGREE RULE, THIS IS CLOSE TO BEING GREATER THAN 7.5 DEGREES SO ONE COULD DEDUCT.5 OR 1.

33. Home -2 THE NOSE WAS PULLED UP BEFORE THE ROLL STARTED CREATING THE BOW. THE EXIT WAS LEVEL. EVERYTHING ELSE WAS SMOOTH. SCORE = 8

34. THREE AXIAL ROLLS The model enters from a straight and level flight and rolls on its axis to the right or left until three complete rolls are performed. The recovery must be on the same heading and altitude as the entry. Downgrades: 1.Model not level at the start of the rolls 2.The path traced out by the model is not a straight line. i.e. the plane does barrel rolls or suffers changes in heading 3.Roll rate not uniform throughout three rolls 4.Pause between rolls 5.Sudden changes in heading between rolls 6.The axis of the fuselage veers out at an angle to the flight path 7.Plane changes altitude during rolls 8.Plane does not do exactly three rolls 9.Plane is not level at end of rolls 10.Plane fails to do level flight at end of rolls Home

35. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! USE THE OTHER ROLLING CRITERIA TO JUDGE THE THREE ROLLS. IF YOU WERE TO SEE THE BLACK AND WHITE ROLLS, THAT WOULD BE ABOUT A 45 DEGREE ANGLE. AT 1 POINT PER 15 DEGREES, THAT WOULD BE A DEDUCT OF ONLY 3 POINTS. MOST WOULD GIVE THIS A DEDUCT OF SIX OR MORE WHICH IS NOT CORRECT. FOR EXAMPLE ANY TYPE ROLL GOING OUT LESS THAN 7.5 DEGREES SHOULD BE ½ POINT, NOT TWO OR THREE! MANEUVER SCORE = 10

36. FOUR POINT ROLL From a straight and level flight path, the model is rolled 90 degrees and holds this attitude, with the wings in a vertical position, long enough for it to be clearly defined. The model is then rolled another 90 degrees, in the same direction of rotation and holds the inverted attitude long enough for it to be clearly defined. This is followed by another 90 degree roll in the same direction, bringing the ship to another knife edge position. Following a similar pause in the roll, the ship finally rolls another 90 degrees to upright and level flight. Downgrades: 1.Model not level at start of roll 2.The path traced by the model is not a straight line. (The plane does barrel roll segments or suffer changes in heading.) 3.Sudden correction in heading between roll segments. 4.Plane changes altitude during roll 5.Plane does not pause long enough between each segment of roll 6.Wings are not exactly vertical at 1/4 and 3/4 positions 7.Plane fails to do level flight at end of roll. Home

37. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! MANEUVER SCORE = 10

38. -1 OFF CENTER -.5 SCORE = 7.5

39. -.5 4 REPRESENTS THE ANGLE OF 2 -1 OFF CENTERED SCORE = 8.5

40. Home -1 OFF CENTERED MISSED ONE POINT. MISSED BY 90 DEGREES SO THAT IS -6, OFF CENTERED = -1 SCORE = 3

41. EIGHT POINT ROLL Model starts in level flight then rolls one complete rotation hesitating at each 1/8 revolution. Each 1/8 roll to be forty- five degrees at each hesitation. The wing will be parallel with 45 or 90 degrees to the horizon. Model recovers on same heading and altitude as entry.. Downgrades: 1.Model not level at start 2.Model does not hesitate after each 1/8 roll 3.1/8 rolls more or less than 45 degrees 4.Model takes less than 4 or more than 6 seconds to complete roll 5.Time in each segment is not equal 6.Model not level at finish of maneuver 7.Model does not finish on same heading and altitude as entry Home

42. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! MANEUVER SCORE = 10

43. -.5 GOING UP AND -.5 GOING DOWN SO THIS EQUALS -1 SCORE = 9

44. -.5 SCORE = 7

45. Home GOING DOWN= -.5 MISSED 2 POINTS BY 15 DEGREES= -2 MISSED THE CENTER LINE = -2. SCORE = 6.5

46. SHORT INVERTED FLIGHT Model performs one-half (1/2) roll to inverted and flies straight and level inverted for a minimum of five (5) seconds, then performs one-half (1/2) roll back to level flight. Half rolls may be in either direction. Downgrades: 1.Half roll not level 2.Inverted flight not straight and level 3.Changes in heading during rolls and inverted flight 4.Path not parallel to flight line. Home

47. Short Inverted Flight REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! MANEUVER SCORE = 10

48. SLOW ROLL Model commences from straight and level flight and the rolls slowly at a uniform rate through one complete rotation. The approximate time of the roll to be five seconds. Note: No downgrade for slight overtime. Downgrades: 1.Model not level at entry 2.Plane deviates from a straight line during roll rate not uniform 3.Plane does not roll through exactly one revolution 4.Plane changes altitude during roll 5.Plane changes heading 6.Roll rate is too rapid resulting in less than five seconds elapse during roll 7.Plane is not level at finish of roll Home

49. Slow Roll MANEUVER SCORE = 10

50. FIGURE M The model starts in straight and level flight, pulls up into a vertical attitude, performs a half roll then a stall turn through 180 degrees followed by a second half roll. The model then makes half an inverted loop pushing up again to vertical flight, performs a third half roll, a second stall turn, a fourth half roll and recovers on the same altitude and heading as the entry. Downgrades: 1.Model not level at start 2.Does not become vertical 3.Changes heading during half rolls 4.Turn radius at top of stall turn greater than two wing spans turn - downgrade 2 points 5.Turns at top of stall turn are less than 180 degrees 6.Diving and climbing paths not parallel 7.Bottom of inverted position at different altitude than entry 8.Altitude of second stall turn different to that of first stall turn 9.Maneuver not finished at same altitude as entry 10.Model not level at finish of maneuver 11.Second stall turn is in same direction as first stall Home

51. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! MANEUVER SCORE = 10

52. -3 ROLLS NOT ON CENTER, VERTICAL LINES NOT VERTICAL -2 ALTITUDE -2 UP ROLL IMMEDIATELY AFTER VERTICAL OBTAINED SCORE = 2

53. NO DEDUCTIONS HERE, SETS THE ALTITUDE STANDARD REMEMBER IF THE STALL TURN IS DONE IN THE SAME DIRECTION, THERE IS A TWO POINT DEDUCTION! -2 -2 SCORE = 4

54. Home -3 WITH ½ POINT PER HALF WING SPAN, WITH 6 HALF WING SPANS THIS WILL BE -3. PROVIDED THE REST IS AS IT SHOULD BE THIS WOULD BE A 7 POINT MANEUVER MORE THAN THREE WING SPANS, THIS HALF OF THE MANEUVER IS A ZERO

55. DOUBLE IMMELMANN Model commences in straight and level flight, pulls into half an inside loop followed by a half roll to upright, does approximately 1 second of level flight followed by 1/2 outside loop, then followed by a half roll to upright, recovering in straight and level flight on the same heading and at the same altitude as the entry. Downgrades: 1.Entry not straight and level 2.First half loop not round 3.Model deviates left or right during half loop 4.Half loop not completed exactly above starting point 5.Half roll does not start immediately after half loop 6.Roll is not on a straight line and 180 degrees heading from entry 7.Plane goes immediately into outside loop upon completion of half roll 8.Plane holds straight flight too long before going to outside loop 9.Half outside loop not round or same size as first half loop 10.Model deviates left or right during half loop 11.Half loop not completed exactly below starting point 12.Final half roll does not start immediately after half outside loop 13.Final half roll longer or shorter than first half roll 14.Model does not finish on same heading and at same altitude as entry 15.Plane fails to do straight and level flight at end of maneuver Home

56. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! MANEUVER SCORE = 10

57. -.5 SLIGHTLY DOWN HILL HALF LOOP SLIGHTLY SMALLER THAN 1ST SCORE = 8.5

58. -3 -2 HALF LOOP ALL FOULED UP DOWN HILL 15 DEGREES CONSIDERABLY LOWER SCORE = 4

59. Home -1 TOP NOT SQUARE WITH VERTICAL HEIGHT -1 NOT CENTERED -1 SLIGHTLY EGG SHAPED SCORE = 7

60. IMMELMAN TURN The model starts the Immelman flying straight and level, pulls up into half loop followed by a half roll and finishes flying straight and level exactly 180 degrees from the heading at entry. Downgrades: 1.Model not level at start 2.Model deviates left or right during half loop 3.Half loop not completed exactly above point of commencement of half loop 4.Half roll does not commence immediately after of half loop 5.Plane deviates from a straight line during roll 6.Model does not finish in level flight 7.Model heading does not finish exactly opposite the direction of entry 8.Half loop not round Home

61. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! USE THE SAME JUDGING CRITERIA FOR THE DOUBLE IMMELMAN MANEUVER SCORE = 10

62. 180 DEGREE TURN The plane starts in straight and level flight, pulls up into a vertical climb, rolls 90 degrees, performs half of an outside loop, rolls 90 degrees in the opposite direction to the first quarter roll and pulls out at the same altitude but with a 180 degree heading change. Downgrades: 1.Entry not straight and level 2.Full up is not to exact vertical climb 3.Roll is more or less than 90 degrees 4.Path of roll is not straight vertical line 5.Half outside loop deviates left or right 6.Half hoop is not smooth and round 7.Second 90 degree roll path is not straight vertical line 8.Pull out to level flight is sudden or jerky 9.Pull out is not to same altitude and 180 degrees opposite heading 10.Plane fails to perform straight and level flight at end to entry of maneuver Home

63. MANEUVER SCORE = 10

64. -3 -2 QUICK HALF ROLL AND NOT IN CENTER QUICK HALF ROLL BUT IN CENTER RADIUS NOT EQUAL TO OTHER RADII -.5 SCORE = 4.5

65. RADIUS NOT EQUAL TO OTHER RADII LONGER THAN FIRST VERTICAL SCORE = 8

66. Home DID NOT START PULL UP ON CENTER LINE RADIUS NOT EQUAL TO OTHER RADII SCORE = 8

67. Cuban Eight Model pulls up and executes an inside loop. When at 45 degrees inverted, model does a half roll followed by another loop. Again when at 45 degrees inverted, the model does another half roll and recovers to level flight. Downgrades: 1.Loops not round and same size 2.Model not at 45 degrees before commencement of rolls 3.Changes in heading in loops or rolls 4.Rolls not centered in the 45 degree descents and on each other Home

68. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! MANEUVER SCORE = 10

69. -1.5 SMALLER THAN FIRST SIDE EGG SHAPE NO RESEMBLANCE TO A LOOP SCORE = 6.5

70. -2 CROSS OVER NOT ON TOP OF EACH OTHER EGG SHAPE SMALLER THAN FIRST SIDE SCORE = 6

71. Home -2 -1.5 2 & 3 GREATER THAN 45 DEGREES LOOP PORTION NOT ROUND AND LARGER THAN FIRST SCORE = 5

72. HALF REVERSE CUBAN EIGHT Model pulls up and executes one-eighth (1/8) inside loop to 45 degrees, hesitates, does one-half (1/2) roll, hesitates, then performs five-eighths (5/8) inside loop back to level flight in opposite direction as entry. Downgrades: 1.Loop segments not round with the same size and radius 2.Model not at 45 degrees before and after half roll 3.Changes in heading in loop segments or after half roll 4.Half roll not centered in 45 degree line 5.No hesitations before or after half roll Home

73. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! MANEUVER SCORE = 10

74. -2 -3 -2 OFF CENTER MUCH GREATER THAN 45 DEGREES EGG SHAPE SCORE = 3

75. -2 MUCH LESS THAN 45 DEGREES EGG SHAPE SCORE = 6

76. Home -4 SCORE = 5

77. TOP HAT Model starts in straight level flight, pulls up into vertical limb and makes a half roll, then levels out inverted on the same heading as entry. After short inverted flight, model dives vertically, performs a half roll and finally recovers in straight level upright flight on same heading and height as entry. Downgrades: 1.Model does not start level. 2.Model doesn’t go exactly vertical before starting roll 3.Model does not stop at exactly 180 degrees from entry 4.Model does not climb vertically for equal time before and after ½ roll 5.Inverted flight path at top is not level 6.Model does not fly inverted for the same distance as the vertical climb and roll 7.Model does not dive vertically briefly before starting half roll 8.Second half roll not started at the same altitude as that where the first half roll was completed. 9.Second half roll not completed at same altitude as that where first roll started 10.Model does not dive vertically for a brief period after completing second half roll 11.Model deviates left or right of the entry path at any point in the maneuver 12.Model does not recover at same altitude and heading as entry Home

78. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! MANEUVER SCORE = 10

79. -2 THE RADIUS OF 1 & 2 ARE AT LEAST ONE THIRD OF THE ENTRY AND EXIT RADII. EVEN THOUGH THE MANEUVER IS PRETTY, THE DOWN GRADE IS APPROPRIATE. SCORE = 6

80. -.5 GOING DOWN HILL LESS THAN 7.5 DEGREES NOT A GOOD ¼ LOOP SCORE = 8.5

81. -1.5 -2 HALF ROLL JUST BEFORE PULL OUT TOP OF MANEUVER TO NARROW, DOES NOT CREATE A SQUARE BOX AS IT SHOULD SCORE = 6.5

82. -2 DIFFERENCE IN ALTITUDE BETWEEN ENTRY AND EXIT ROLL NOT IN CENTER SCORE = 4

83. -2 -3 -2 -.5 ROLL NOT IN CENTER 15 DEGREE RULE ROLL NOT IN CENTER RADIUS ALMOST SQUARE SCORE = 1.5

84. RUNNING EIGHT Model starts in level flight and completes 1-1/4 outside loops finishing at intersection. Model the does 1-1/4 inside loops finishing at bottom of second loop, the model passing the intersection 3 times. Model then recovers on the same heading although at a lower altitude than entry. Downgrades: 1.Model not level at start 2.First loop not round 3.First loop deviates left or right 4.Model does not become vertical at intersection 5.Second loop not round 6.Second loop deviates left or right 7.Does not become vertical at intersection 8.Second loop not at same altitude as first loop 9.Second loop not the same diameter as first loop 10.Second and third intersection do not coincide with first 11.Model not level at finish of maneuver Home

85. REMEMBER THIS IS A 2D VIEW. DOWNGRADES FOR THE 3D ARE EQUIVALENT TO THE 2D SHOWN ! MANEUVER SCORE = 10

86. -.5 -2 EGG SHAPE 15 DEGREE RULE NOT ROUND AND SLIGHTLY HIGHER THAN THE FIRST SIDE SCORE = 5.5

87. EXCESSIVE STRAIGHT LINE IN MIDDLE ALTITUDE HIGER THAN THE FIRST LOOP SCORE = 7

88. Home -.5 -.5 ALTITUDE HIGER THAN THE FIRST LOOP EGG SHAPED ALTITUDE HIGER CENTER LINE MANEUVER SCORE = 7 SCORE = 7

89. THREE TURN SPIN The plane establishes a heading by flying straight and level, pulls up into a stall and commences the spin through one, two, three turns and recovers to level flight on the same heading as the initial flight direction. The judge must watch carefully to be sure this is a spin and not a vertical roll or spiral dive in the spin, some part of the plane always intersects an imaginary vertical line along the path of descent. In the spiral dive, the plane circles round, but outside of, the imaginary vertical line. Downgrades: 1.Initial heading not level 2.Commencement of first spin is sloppy or uncertain 3.Does not do exactly three turns. Less than two or more than four turns shall be scored zero 4.Does not recover on same heading as initial heading 5.If any of the three turns are spiral dives rather than spins, the score is zero 6.Rate of rotation in spin is excessively rapid 7.Does not finish level 8.Does not fly straight and level for 50 feet Home

90. MANEUVER SCORE = 10

91. Home ZERO SPIRAL DIVE SNAP OVER TOP ENTRY 2 TURNS 2.5 TURNS

92. LANDING PERFECTION When the contestant has his plane lined up and on heading for the final approach, and not less than six (6) feet off the ground, he must announce the start of the Landing maneuver. From this point on, the Landing will be judged. Downgrades: 1.Approach during landing too steep 2.Gallops in pitch, yaw or roll during approach 3.Model impacts or thuds onto ground due to lack of flare 4.Model bounces on landing 5.Model turns left or right while rolling to a stop. Turns unnecessarily 6.All landings judged only for 50 feet after touch to avoid running off the runway may be excused if wind direction and down spot location are adverse. Home

93. MANEUVER SCORE = 10 READ THE MANEUVER DESCRIPTION CAREFULLY!

94. TAKEOFF The model must start from a standstill. Model shall accelerate gradually and the takeoff run shall be in a straight line. Plane shall lift off gently and climb at a gradual angle, continuing in its straight flight path until at least six feet off the ground. Pilot shall call “Takeoff (or maneuver) complete” when model has gained at least six feet of altitude and is still climbing in a straight flight path. Downgrades: 1. Pushing or assisting the model when released. 2. Change in heading during the takeoff run 3. “Jumping” from the ground 4. Retouching the ground after become airborne 5. Too steep a climb angle 6. Gallops in pitch, roll or yaw during climb 7. Change in heading during climb 8. Dropping a wingtip Home

95. MANEUVER SCORE = 10READ THE MANEUVER DESCRIPTION CAREFULLY!

96. The following are a list of things you should take from this presentation if you don’t remember anything else. We strongly suggest you study the different maneuvers in this presentation. If you learn the reason for downgrades your flying will dramatically improve as will your ability to judge!. We could not show all the maneuvers and all the possible down grades. That said, we have a sufficient number so you should be able to judge any maneuver that is introduced, now flown, or introduced later. 1 Maneuver position with respect to the center line. The normal deduction would be two points for each ¼ of a maneuver that the maneuver deviates from exact center (assuming no permitted off centering from judges for sun). This is of course is based on the judges perspective. This will be discussed and demonstrated at the next in flight judging clinic.

97. 2One point is to be deducted for each 15 degrees in the pitch roll and yaw. Likewise this will apply to the wing angle. You will notice and apply this rule where a turn is used to correct a maneuver by using the ailerons. You will see wings at an angle in entries, exits, loops and many other maneuvers. If the angle is between 15 and 7.5 degrees the discount is 1 point. If the angle is between 0 and 7.5 degrees the downgrade would be one-half point. Based on these numbers, let’s say a four point roll is perfect except it climbs 7.5 degrees, that would be a downgrade of.5 point. The same would hold true for a horizontal offset of 7.5 degrees. Many times if a judge sees a slight deviation on the horizontal line he will deduct up to two or three points. Remember the distance a four point or slow roll takes, it can go in or out at 7.6 deg. What would appear to be some distance. If it were 16 deg, it would only be 1 point. Also many times exits or entries to maneuvers may be at 15 deg. Remember the angles shown and this should only be one point.

98. 3Geometry is a major consideration in judging a maneuver. For example, where a one-half or full roll is in a segment it normally should be centered in the vertical or horizontal line. You should be familiar with the maneuver to be judged. All maneuvers consist of straight lines, radius as in loops and portions of loops, rolls or spins. 4The gracefulness of a maneuver is a consideration. Herky- jerky movements of any control surface is a downgrade. You will see this in horizontal rolls where the plane is popped with up elevator to get a more positive attitude to start the rolls. Based on the severity, this should be up to a one point deduction for each occurrence. You will see it in many maneuvers with incessant aileron and elevator bumping. If the wind causes a bump and it is immediately corrected, It should not be a down grade. The downgrade is a judgment call and will be discussed in detail at the in flight judging clinics.

99. 5Entries and exits. You should start with a good impression and exit with a good impression. Enter on a flat line with your wings level, exit the same way. Let us impress upon you, the first and last thing you do in a maneuver is probably one of the most important parts of the score you get. 6.If you are undecided about a score, the benefit always goes to the pilot. For example, if you are undecided if it’s a 9.5 or a 10, it should be a ten. Each judge should be capable of scoring a maneuver from ten to zero regardless if the previous maneuver was low or a zero. A novice pilot is able to do a ten as well as an expert pilot is capable of doing a zero. 7. If you are judging one of the lower classes, you should award the score earned. If a pilot does a four, don’t give them a six or seven to take it easy on him. You are doing him a disservice. The second judge may give him the appropriate score and needless to say he believes the higher one is correct.

100. Common Sense…. When judging, do not carry on a conversation with anyone while the pilot is flying. If others are having a conversation to near to be a distraction, ask them nicely to be quiet. Most generally a finger over your mouth with a shush will suffice. If someone is in the area where the pilots may pick them up with their peripheral vision, have them move back. As a pilot if the next competitor is ready to fly, don’t carry on a conversation with the judges. As the next pilot you should have your engine ready to start when the landing is called complete. You won’t believe how much time this saves during a round of competition. Back To Home