1. Chapter 17: Client/Server Computing Business Data Communications, 4e

2. 2 Client-Server Terminology 8Applications Programming Interface (API) 8Client 8Middleware 8Relational Database 8Server 8Structured Query Language (SQL)

3. Business Data Communications, 4e 3 Client-Server Environment

4. Business Data Communications, 4e 4 Why is Client-Server Different? 8Emphasis on user-friendly client applications 8Focus on access to centralized databases 8Commitment to open and modular applications 8Networking is fundamental to the organization

5. Business Data Communications, 4e 5 Client-Server Pros & Cons 8Advantages 8Networked web of computers 8Inexpensive but powerful array of processors 8Open systems 8Grows easily 8Individual client operating systems 8Disadvantages 8Maintenance nightmares 8Support tools lacking 8Retraining required

6. Business Data Communications, 4e 6 Generic Client/Server Architecture

7. Business Data Communications, 4e 7 Database Client/Server Architecture

8. Business Data Communications, 4e 8 Classes of Client/Server Architecture

9. Business Data Communications, 4e 9 3-Tier Client/Server Architecture

10. Business Data Communications, 4e 10 Middleware 8Standardized interfaces and protocols between clients and back-end databases 8Hides complexity of data sources from the end-user 8Compatible with a range of client and server options 8All applications operate over a uniform applications programming interface (API).

11. Business Data Communications, 4e 11 Middleware Architecture

12. Business Data Communications, 4e 12 Logical View of Middleware

13. Business Data Communications, 4e 13 Middleware Mechanisms 8Message-Oriented Middleware 8Remote Procedure Calls 8Object Request Brokers

14. Business Data Communications, 4e 14 Basic Message Passing Primitives

15. Business Data Communications, 4e 15 Remote Procedure Call Mechanism

16. Business Data Communications, 4e 16 Object-Oriented Mechanisms 8Clients and servers ship messages between objects. 8May rely on an underlying message or RPC structure or be developed directly on top of object- oriented capabilities in the operating system 8Success depends on standardization of the object mechanism, but competing models exist 8COM, OLE, CORBA

17. Business Data Communications, 4e 17 Intranets 8Implementation of internet-based client/server technology within an organization, rather than for global connectivity 8Immensely successful in corporate computing contexts

18. Business Data Communications, 4e 18 Advantages of Intranets 8Rapid prototyping 8Scales effectively 8Little training required 8Can be implemented on variety of systems 8Open architecture allows interaction across platforms 8Supports a range of distributed servers 8Allows integration of legacy systems on client and server side 8Supports a range of media types 8Inexpensive to implement

19. Business Data Communications, 4e 19 The Intranet Web 8Web Content 8The web can be used to effectively distribute content in a way that requires no new training for end-users 8Web/Database Connectivity 8Multiple tools exist to serve as middleware between web servers and data sources 8Electronic Mail 8Network News

20. Business Data Communications, 4e 20 Web/Database Connectivity 8Advantages 8Ease of administration 8Deployment 8Development speed 8Flexible information presentation 8Disadvantages 8Limited functionality 8Stateless operation makes tracking difficult

21. Business Data Communications, 4e 21 The Extranet Web 8Extends the intranet concept to provide information and services to selected outside populations, such as customers and suppliers 8Enables the sharing of information between companies 8A TCP/IP enabled form of EDI

22. Business Data Communications, 4e 22 Advantages of Extranets 8Reduced costs 8More marketable products 8Increased productivity 8Enhanced profits 8Reduced inventories 8Faster time to market

23. Business Data Communications, 4e 23 Methods for Converting Intranets to Extranets 8Long-distance dial-up access 8Internet access to intranet with security 8Internet access to an external server that duplicates some of a company’s intranet data 8Internet access to an external server that originates database queries to internal servers 8Virtual private network