1. Towards the Inaugural Australian Decadal Plan for Space Science: 2007-2016 Plan Steering Committee (Iver H. Cairns, Brett Biddington, Graziella Caprarelli, Jon Clarke, David Cole, Peter Dyson, Brian Fraser, Alex Held, Marc Norman, Carol Oliver, Andrew Parfitt, Peter Robinson, Malcolm Walter, Bob Vincent, and John Zilman) ESA/DEST 16/3/07 I.What is Space Science? II.Draft Vision III. Process & Timeline IV. Science Themes V. A Taste of the Proposed Science VI. Summary. [See www.physics.usyd.edu.au/~ncss for Plan status and documents.]www.physics.usyd.edu.au/~ncss

2. I. What is Space Science? Science of solar system phenomena and objects. Science of space & science from space “Everything above the tropopause”.

3. What is Space Science? Space Science includes: space physics and space weather planetary geology remote sensing of Earth … from orbit astrobiology space technology Astronomy  extra-solar system, Earth Sciences  surface and below.

4. II. Intentions for the Decadal Plan Build a sustainable world-class community of Australian space scientists. Present exciting, widely-agreed, visionary research themes and projects directed towards longterm scientific goals of the Australian space science community. Link the research and goals with the interests and requirements of Australian constituencies: Government, Industry, wider scientific community, and public. Develop and optimize the space science community for the nation’s benefit. Be the official position of the space science community and Academy on major science and funding projects. Lead to increased Government funding of space science.

5. III. Process (see www.physics.usyd.edu.au/~ncss) Steering Committee: final responsibility for the development, writing, approval, and publication of the Decadal Plan. Working Group: researches a specific component of the Decadal Plan and then provides recommendations. Now writing Draft Plan & refining inputs (mid 2007 release). Decadal Plan Steering Committee Science Working Groups Industry / Science Working Groups Government Working Group Demographics Working Group Public Outreach Working Group Remote sensing Sun to Ground Planetary Sciences Theory, Mod., & data Ground Space Weather Space Tech

6. Participants AuspaceAust. Govt Antarctic Division ANUBritish Aerospace Australia Bureau of MeteorologyBureau of Rural Science Cisco Systems COSSA CRCSI DSTO Geoscience AustraliaGravitec IPS Radio and Space ServicesLa Trobe University Macquarie UniversityUniversity of Adelaide University of NewcastleUniversity of NSW University of Queensland University of Sydney University of South Australia University of Southern Queensland University of Technology, SydneyUniversity of Western Australia Vipac WA Department of Land Inform.

7. Timeline & Proposed Schedule September 2005 - NCSS announces Development of Decadal Plan - release of Draft Structure, Purview, and Strawman documents October 2005 - Deadline for initial feedback March – July 2006 - Working Group period August-November - Steering Committee meetings, visits & Plan talks September 2006 - LASP Proposal written & submitted Jan 2007 - LASP proposal approved March - June 2007 - Writing & Refining Draft Plan June 2007 - Draft Plan Released for Comment July 2007 - Townhall Meeting for final revisions & Adoption Aug – ? 2007 - Release of Plan (dependent on election) Sept 2007 - Implementation Workshop

8. IV. Global Science Themes (draft) (i)Sun and Space to Earth (SSE) Understand how activity on the Sun and in space develops throughout the solar system and affects humans and human technology. (ii)Plasma to Planets (P2P) Understand evolution from plasma & dust to the present-day Sun, Earth, and other solar system bodies and then beyond. (iii)Observing Australia, Earth and Planets from Space Remotely sense and model the atmosphere, climate, oceans, surface, life, and geology of Australia, Earth and other planets and solar system bodies. (iv)Life and Technology in Space (LIFTS) Understand the effects of space’s harsh environment on life and technology, develop space technology, and consider how life evolved on Earth and perhaps elsewhere? (OAEPS)

9. V. Taste of Science & Projects (Draft) Foci: (i) our strengths & (ii) interests of Government / industry. Coordination Center / Corp. 1 Grand Challenge project (Sundiver) 2-3 Flagship projects (e.g., Lightning, Octant) Smaller projects (Digi-radar, balloons, nanosats) Education & Training Collaboration on international projects

10. Flagship: “Octant” (Themes SSE, P2P, & LIFTS.) o o o o o o o o o o o Instrument ~1/8 World’s surface: Radar, optical/IR, GPS TEC & scints, magnetometer, digisonde, solar radio, and radio comms. Connection to FedSat and international space/ground networks Provide vital ionospheric info for SKA, NTD, MWA etc. (justify in Oz). Provide ionospheric, atmospheric, and comms info (and cover) …. To study Sun-Earth connections & space weather from Sun to magnetosphere to ionosphere/ground on a global basis (pole ↔ equator). To measure and model (equator to pole) the dynamics, and coupling of the atmosphere, ionosphere, & magnetosphere over Australian region. International Links: Meridian (China) American chains

11. Lightning-1 & -2: Flagship Concept Dynamics of equatorial to high- latitude ionosphere & atmosphere Lightning, sprites & global electrodynamic circuit. Greenhouse gases & climate change, local and large-scale – measurement & verification. Remote sensing Australia Gravimetric & magnetic maps of Australia (geodesy, minerals..) Demonstrate Australian technologies (electric propulsion, spacecraft/comms, instruments) Beacon/Rec for ionospheric radars 1 equatorial, 1 highly inclined. 250-1000 km altitude (alterable) Upgradable L1 L2

12. Grand Challenge: Sundiver (All themes) OVERVIEW Objectives: World first: in situ investigation of the coronal and inner solar wind plasma via infalling spacecraft. First Australian investigation of a planet’s surface and atmosphere via a close gravity-assist flyby. (Moon, Venus Mercury, asteroids, comets etc.) Use ANU space propulsion system. Applications: Discover corona’s heating mechanism. Planetary geology (grav/mag) + atmos Graphite Sun shield? Design – simplified by certain death. Redundancy: 2 spacecraft at once? MISSION / INSTRUMENTS Magnetometer, plasma waves.plasma & neutral measurements. Imaging & spectrometers. Propulsion : major orbit changes RESOURCES TBD Time Line: 5-10 years? Collaboration: As required..

13. VI. Overview NCSS & the Steering Committee are developing the first Australian Decadal Plan for Space Science: 2007-2016, www.physics.usyd.edu.au/~ncss. www.physics.usyd.edu.au/~ncss Plan launch expected in second half of 2007. Exciting world-class science and technology that is interdisciplinary, involves the enabling sciences, & has many applications with vital national benefit. Major training and education components. Strong international links.