1. LEADERS

3. ___________ DOCTRINE

4. Soviet Leaders

5. END OF COMMUNISM

6. GORBACHEV’S PROBLEMS 1. Poor economy inherited from Brezhnev 2. Corruption 3. Excessive military spending 4. Unwinnable war in Afghanistan

7. GORBACHEV’S PROGRAMS 1. Glasnost – “openness” freedom of expression” Result: Lots of criticism of the Communist govt. 2. Perestroika – economic reform Result: Didn’t work 3. Democratizatsya - democratization Result: New Constitution makes government separate from Communist Party; more choice in elections 4. Abandonment of Brezhnev Doctrine Result: Eastern European satellites reject communism.

8. FALL OF COMMUNISM 1. Gorbachev abandons Brezhnev Doctrine 2. Election in Poland; Solidarity wins all seats it runs for; people reject Communism. 3. Hungary opens borders, takes down “iron curtain” 4. East Germans flee to Hungary; Berlin Wall opened 5. Czechoslovakia has “Velvet Revolution” 6. Romania’s dictator violently overthrown 7. “Demokratzatsiya” in Soviet Union 7. August Coup in 1991 discredits Gorbachev; boosts reformer Yeltsin 8. Soviet Union dissolves; Christmas, 1991.