The iDirect iNFINITI Broadband VSAT Solution

The iDirect iNFINITI Broadband VSAT Solution
Leading IP Convergence over Satellite

Agenda iDirect Technologies - Company Overview
iDirect iNFINITI: Delivering Broadband Services The iDirect iNFINITI Product Family iDirect iNFINITI: Global Network Management System iDirect iNFINITI: Addressing Satellite Network Challenges iDirect iSCPC The iDirect Virtual Network Operator iNFINITI-Based Broadband VSAT Service Architecture

iDirect Technologies: Establishing a Dominant Position
Driving the Satellite Industry IP Revolution Evolution to IP has started to materialize in the satellite industry as embedded base of legacy VSAT systems are being replaced with next-generation systems iDirect Driving Revolution – superior technology; does not face the significant hurdles that have historically limited deployment of broadband satellite services Strong & Growing Market Presence – sold more than half of all broadband satellite hubs sold worldwide in 2005 Market Share Expected To Continue To Increase – vendor of choice due to low cost, high QoS/performance, support of VoIP and streaming video, high security Cumulative Hubs Deployed Annual Remote Unit Sales Annual Line Card Unit Sales

World’s Most Advanced Solution Built From the Ground Up To Support IP
Technology Leader World’s Most Advanced Solution Built From the Ground Up To Support IP Voice, video and data Enterprise-class terrestrial broadband service quality and performance Single hub chassis can access five different satellites vs. one for all competitors Star, Mesh, Point-to-Point and Hybrid networks Enables real private networks Provides unprecedented channel speeds – 8.4Mbps upstream & 18.2Mbps downstream Supports C, Ku and Ka band transponders with carrier class redundancy Integrated advanced security, including world’s first FIPS certification Launch of enhanced iNFINITI solution in Q2 2005

Feature Rich, Best TCO Solutions
Portfolio of Satellite Networking Solutions Specifically Tailored to Meet Customers’ Needs Complete, Most Feature Rich Solution – remote satellite router encompasses satellite modem, IP router, TCP/HTTP optimization over satellite, QoS/prioritization and encryption in a single network appliance Ease of Use – Network Management Software offers industry-leading tools for network control, visibility and ease-of-use Lowest Cost – iDirect’s hub and remote solutions provide a lower cost of ownership – % higher bandwidth efficiency than competitors

Next Generation Capabilities – iNFINITI
iNFINITI = Evolutionary Improvement in Capabilities Products 2005+ (iNFINITI launch) Network Topology: Star Single Architecture for Star, Mesh, iSCPC, Spread Spectrum & Hybrid Network Speed Downstream: 9.1 Mbps 18.2 Mbps Network Speed Upstream: 4.2 Mbps 8.4 Mbps* Market Segment: Broadband Narrowband WiFi, WiMax and Cellular Backhaul

Over 150 Channel Partners… Government End Customers
Top Tier Customer Base Over 150 Channel Partners… Government End Customers

First in Hub Market Share
>100 Hubs shipped in 2005

Distribution Model Network End Reseller Operator Customer
Equipment Sales & Professional Services Network Equipment & Professional Services Demand Creation End Customer Reseller Network Operator Sales Integration Services Value Add Services Installations & Support Customer Satisfaction Teleport Gateway Satellite Capacity NOC Backbone Connection Data Center Broadband IP Applications Ubiquitous Connectivity Medium/Large Enterprises Multinational Corporations Governments & Embassies Intelligence Community Educational Institutions ISPs Network Integrators IP Solutions Providers System Integrators Teleport Operators Satellite Operators

Industry Recognition: Growth, Innovation
Technology Fast 500 Technology Fast 50: Virginia 2003 & 2004 2004 2003 WORLD TELEPORT ASSOCIATION 2004 Teleport Technology Of The Year 2004 Product Innovation Of The Year 2004 Top Three Finalist (John Kealey)

New Investors: ST via VT Engineering (US)
IDirect Agrees to Sell Itself for $165 Million By Ellen McCarthy iDirect Technologies Inc., a Herndon firm that sells network equipment to satellite companies, agreed to be acquired yesterday by Singapore Technologies Engineering Ltd. for $165 million in cash. The acquisition is the second big deal this week in the consolidating satellite industry. On Monday, satellite giant Intelsat Ltd., which has most of its operations in the District, said it was acquiring PanAmSat Holding Corp. for $3.2 billion. Under the terms of the IDirect deal, the 11-year old Herndon firm will be acquired by Singapore Technology's U.S. holding company. IDirect will continue to operate under its own name and existing management team. No layoffs are expected among its 150 employees.

iDirect iNFINITI: Delivering Broadband Services
11:15 – 12:15 Broadband Applications, Corporate Networks Broadband is the word of the day. High-speed, high-capacity, always-on, interactive services are universally regarded as the future of telecommunications. These experts will look at successful applications for Africa and the Middle East. Moderator: Mr. Mohamed Ould-Yahya, Regional Manager, Intelsat Speakers: Mr. Steven Achapa, Telkom Kenya Mr. Thomas Bopp, Senior Systems Engineer, iDirect Technologies Mr. Robert Mugo, Technical Director, UUNET Kenya Mr. Salim Suleiman, Managing Director, AFSAT

Market Presence i D I R E C T
iDirect Technologies Fills The Gap Between Narrowband VSAT and Dedicated SCPC i D I R E C T Market Type 16K – 128K Service Transaction/POS Narrowband Slotted Aloha Narrow Band POS 128K – 4.2Mb Enterprise Applications Shared D-TDMA Broadband 1Mb – 45Mb Telco/Video Broadcast Dedicated Dedicated SCPC SCPC Access Method Topology Functions Retail and POS customers are moving up in broadband requirements, with new applications like video, surveillance, kiosks, etc. SCPC customers are looking for newer technologies that can let them use space segment more efficiently. SCPC customers traditionally have a need for guaranteed bandwidth, but have to design for peak traffic. With iDirect guaranteed services, they can get min. CIR and burstable beyond typical SCPC solution. Additional benefit, is all-in-one functionality of the iDirect Solution Return Data Rates

Network Operator Teleport Internet/ Leased Line/MPLS
The iDirect Solution By simply adding a separate line card, the iDirect solution can support different topologies from the same chassis SCPC Topology SCPC Connection C or Ku-Band Satellite The new iDirect Hub Chassis Line Card supports network speeds of 18 Mbps Downstream, and 4.2 Mbps Upstream. A single 20 slot Hub Chassis supports aggregate speeds of 360 Mbps. It can also support multiple satellite links iDirect Satellite Router Star/Mesh Topology Mesh Connection Star Topology Star Connection Network Operator Teleport iDirect Broadband VSAT Hub Internet/ Leased Line/MPLS iDirect's Broadband VSAT Network System Provides Highly Reliable, Secure, Two-way TCP/IP Transmission for High Speed, Multi-media Service Applications on any Topology (Star, Star/Mesh, Point-to-Point/SCPC)

Internet/ Leased Line/MPLS
The iDirect Solution Networking iDirect Cards together SCPC Topology SCPC Connection C or Ku-Band Satellite iDirect Satellite Router Star/Mesh Topology Mesh Connection Star Topology Star Connection iDirect Broadband VSAT Hub Internet/ Leased Line/MPLS iDirect's Broadband VSAT Network System Provides Highly Reliable, Secure, Two-way TCP/IP Transmission for High Speed, Multi-media Service Applications on any Topology (Star, Star/Mesh, Point-to-Point/SCPC)

Inherent Scalability Networking iDirect Cards together allows networks to support thousands of sites C or Ku-Band Satellite iDirect Broadband VSAT Hub Internet/ Leased Line/MPLS

Broadband VSAT Networks: Applications
Enterprise Networks Private Networks Internet Access Mobile Productivity Mobile Telephony Access Networks End Customer Type Application Description Government & Education Supporting secure and reliable Intranet applications and Internet access. Oil & Gas Transmission of Real-Time Data & Voice from Remote Trucks in Field and Offsite Drilling Rigs. Military – Ships – Emergency Management Provide Mobile Units Maintaining Readiness with Access to Databases Worldwide. Medical/Hospital Provide Communication of Real-Time Data for Emergency Personnel in Field. Financial Services Access Secure Transactions for Affiliated Sites. Access Secure Transactions for Financial Transactions at Each Site. Insurance Provide Solution that Delivers Immediate Connectivity at Catastrophic Sites for Insurance Claims Processing and Voice Communications. Carrier Supplement Connectivity Options Allowing Access Anywhere in the World onto Their MPLS Backbone Network. Internet Service Provider Provide High-Speed Internet Access with SLAs. Provide value add services such as WiFi. Mobile Telephony Provider Providing cost-effective GSM backhaul and migration path to 3G Network Backup / Business Continuity Emergency Management Video Monitoring & Surveillance Video Collaboration

Enterprise Networks Government & Education Oil & Gas
Banks & Insurances Medical/Hospital Multinationals

Mobile Broadband Market
Stationary end point Moving end point Nomadic Broadband Emergency Management IP-enabled SNG Defense Global, On-the-move Broadband Maritime Railway In-flight Defense Satellite first mile Wireless Internet Global Edge Connect: VSAT + WiMAX Cellular Backhaul GSM backhaul GPRS, EDGE, UMTS Satellite middle mile Terrestrial first mile

The iDirect GSM Backhaul Business Case
The implementation of GSM over satellite is commonly used in many regions of the world. Traditionally, this has been supported via a legacy SCPC connection (as depicted above). In a point-to-point legacy SCPC connection, each link must be engineered to accommodate the busy hour traffic of the access BTS. Satellite transmission however, is very bandwidth sensitive since every kHz of satellite bandwidth must be leased and incurs an additional cost. Legacy SCPC provides a “brute force” method of solving Abis backhaul by throwing expensive bandwidth at the connectivity requirement. iDirect’s IP solution represents a natural evolution that will lead to significant bandwidth reductions, and therefore cost savings.

Integrated Wireless MAN
Teleport’s RF Chain iNFINITI VSAT iDirect iNFINITY Hub Laptop with Built-in Wi-Fi IP Router Wi-Fi Access Point Load Balancer OSS Controller Laptop with Built-in Wi-Fi NMS/OSS/BSS Server iDirect CAS Laptop with Built-in Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Access Point Edge Router at Teleport Earth Station at the Center of Each Venue Internet Central Hub

The iDirect iNFINITI Product Family

iDirect Hub Products Hub Chassis Private Hub VNO Mini Hub
Solution for a Teleport Full Featured MF-TDMA Hub Extremely Flexible and Scalable Hub Support for Star, Mesh, SCPC Topologies 1IF and 5IF Models Solution for an Enterprise Full Featured TDMA Hub Single OB/IB Hub Support for Star w/single Inroute 6.0.8 Mesh w/Single Inroute in 7.0 Star w/dual Inroutes in 7.1 Virtual Network Operator A Non-Facilities Based Satellite Services Provider That Desires to Operate Their Own Networks Solution for an Small Enterprise Full Featured TDMA Hub Single OB/IB Hub Limited to 15 or 30 Remote Sites Support for Star and Mesh Topologies Three different options on Hub. Many entry points to meet requirements and budgets.

Typical Teleport Configuration
Private Network NMS Server & Spare WiFi/OSS/BSS Server Corporate VPN 5IF Hub Chassis Redundant Architecture Internet/Backbone Router RF Extremely Modular architecture makes the solution very scalable. For example, a second hub chassis, does not need a whole new NMS or PP. Can scale in multiple dimensions. Carrier Sizes, Line Cards, Networks, Hub Chassis, PPs, VLANs. iCAS Compression Server Protocol Processors RF iDirect Equipment NMS GUI (Configuration & Monitoring)

iNFINITI Hub Chassis Compact, 20 Slot, 10U, 19” Rack Mountable *
Scalable – Grow As You Need Flexible Multiple Multi-inroute Networks Within the Same Chassis * Multiple RF Outputs – Up to 5 Different Satellites From One Chassis M:N Universal Line Card Redundancy Automatic Failover N:1 Power and Fan Redundancy 1 2 Carrier Class Scalable Small Footprint, save a lot of “soft” costs. 3 4 5 iNFINITI 5IF Hub

Hub Chassis – Slot Groups
Up to 5 Multi-inroute networks per chassis Each Group uses timing on the backplane Groups can be combined to increase multi-inroutes A Single outroute-inroute network can take any slot as it does not use timing on the backplane

Hub Slot Groups – Configuration Example
Network 1 Network 2 Network 3 Slot 1 Slot 2 Slot 3 Slot 4 Slot 5 Slot 6 Slot 7 Slot 8 Slot 9 Slot 10 Slot 11 Slot 12 Slot 13 Slot 14 Slot 15 Slot 16 Slot 17 Slot 18 Slot 19 Slot 20 Spare Spare Upstream (inroute) Network 4 Downstream (Outroute) Slot Group 1 Slot Group 2 Slot Group 3 Slot Group 4 Slot Group 5 Network 1 Network 2 Network 3 Network 4 Available Slot Slot Groups 1, 2, and 3 are Jumpered on the Backplane to share timing Network 1 has one outroute and 11 inroutes (or some spares ex, 10 inroutes and one spare) Network 2 has one outroute and one inroute (does not use timing on the backplane) Network 3 has one outroute and 3 inroutes (one Spare) Network 4 has one outroute and 3 inroutes

iNFINITI Line Cards Line Card Models
Same cards for any band (Ku, C, Extended C, Ka) 1:1 or N:1 Redundancy (with M1D1) Hot Swappable Allows an Operator to scale services as needed Granularity 1Kbps Up to 18.2Mbps TDM downstream and 4.2Mbps TDMA upstream; 8.4Mbps TDMA upstream with iDS 8.0 Up to 18.2Mbps TDM downstream for SCPC operation Line Card Models Minimum speeds: Outbound 128Kbps Inbound 64Kbps M1D1: One Modulator and Demodulator Up to 18Mbps on the outbound Up to 4.2Mbps on the inbound with .793 FEC and 2.9Mbps with .66 FEC M0D1: One Demodulator M0D1-NB : One Demodulator Up to 242Kbps on the inbound with .793 FEC and 196Kbps with .66 FEC M1D1-SCPC: SCPC Service – available iDS 7.0 Support for 128Kbps to 18Mbps Carrier Class Scalable Small Footprint, save a lot of “soft” costs.

iNFINITI Private Hub Ideal for corporations that need private network
iNFINITI Private Hub supports TDM/TDMA Star Network and Multi-star network with all iDirect features iNFINITI Mesh Private Hub supports Star/Mesh operation with all iDirect features Provides one downstream/upstream network Capability Supports standard outdoor electronics (BUC/LNB) Completely redundant Hardware upgrade path to 5IF Customer HQ LAN Switch VoIP Remote Site iDirect Private Hub Satellite Router NMS Servers Protocol Processors WAN Great Solution for small enterprise networks Transportable Standard ODU support

iNFINITI Mini Hub 15 Users and 30 User Licenses
Ideal for managed small star service TDM/TDMA star network with all iDirect features Provides one downstream/upstream network capability Supports standard outdoor electronics (BUC/LNB) Optional redundancy Customer HQ LAN Switch VoIP Remote Site iDirect Mini Hub Satellite Router NMS Server Protocol Processor WAN Great Solution for small enterprise networks Transportable Standard ODU support

iNFINITI Satellite Routers
iDirect 3000 iDirect 5000 iDirect 7000 Business Critical Applications for Enterprise Customers 18 Mbps/8.4* Mbps IP Data Rate Adaptive Channel Compression Application QoS TCP Optimization 8-Port LAN Switch Mesh Mode (Optional), SCPC Mode, AES/3DES Link Encryption (Optional) Military and Custom Applications 18 Mbps/8.4* Mbps IP Data Rate PCI Slot Adaptive Channel Compression Application QoS TCP Optimization 8-Port LAN Switch Mesh Mode, SCPC Mode AES/3DES Link Encryption (Optional) Entry Level - Optimized for Internet Access, Basic Voice and Video 18 Mbps/4.2 Mbps IP Data Rate Adaptive Channel Application QoS TCP Optimization Star Mode Only Model 3100 – Star Only Model Star Mesh SCPC Security 5100 X 5150 5300 5350 Model Star Mesh SCPC Security 7300 X 7350

Product Comparison Matrix
8/11/2005 iDirect Technologies Proprietary and Confidential Rev B

Building an IP Business with iDirect
Spare Ku-Band Shared Network Ku-Band Star Topology Star Connection SCPC Connection SCPC Remotes Spare C-Band Shared Network Star and Star Mesh C-Band Star and Mesh Topology Mesh Connection Spare Ku-Band Private Network on Satellite 3 Private Network iDirect 5IF Hub Chassis iDirect's Broadband VSAT Solution Allows One to Scale the Business in a Very Cost-Effective Manner

The iDirect Broadband VSAT Solution
Lower Operating Cost with Single Hub Up to 5 satellites from same hub Up to 20 transponders from same hub Up to 20 networks on same hub – VPNs and Private Networks Global and hemi-beams, cross-strapping More IP bits/Hertz space segment Network scalability: From 10s to 1000s remote sites Address all Broadband VSAT markets Star Star/Mesh iSCPC IP QoS Virtual Network Operator Secure Mobile

The iDirect Difference
Unparalleled Configuration Flexibility Access Multiple Satellites from Single Hub Real Private Networks Five Function Remote Most Efficient Use of Transponder Capacity Turbo Product Codes Discontiguous Transponder Space Usage Deterministic TDMA Enterprise Class IP Application Support Application QoS Highest Return Rate Integrated Security (AES/FIPS) Real-time Traffic Management (VoIP) Lowest Total Cost of Ownership Reduction in space capacity cost (IP bit/Hertz) Low Capital Entry Cost iDirect’s Focus has been on Applications. If applications do not work, nothing else matters. NO’s can provide application support needed by enterprises, without having to compromise on cost or efficiency.

iDirect iNFINITI Global Network Management System

iNFINITI Global NMS Industry Leading Global NMS
Industry-first global IP service provisioning and management Industry-first integrated management of all network topologies Star, star/mesh, multi-star, iSCPC, mobile Integrated Features Management Full control end-to-end of IP and Satcom network layers Central management and simplicity allows better customer service and support, and lower operations costs Centrally manages and monitors all satellite routers: Software updates and configurations A NO looks to provide what the End Customer is demanding, but needs to do so cost-effectively. The value from iDirect to the NO at a high level are: Scalability Multiple Private Networks within one Hub Multiple Outroutes within one Hub Multiple Satellites from one hub Size carriers to meet exact needs Grow only as needed Bandwidth Efficiency D-TDMA efficiency is close to 98% of Payload Bandwidth, compare to slotted-aloha at 25% practical. MF-TDMA, load balance demand across all available bandwidth Most efficient TDMA frame format Rapid Dynamic allocation using the channel to capacity, no matter what the congestion. 1.2 Carrier Spacing reduces bandwidth by 14%, when compared to 1.4 spacing cRTP reduces VoIP bandwidth by 50% Superior Traffic Management Higher Bandwidth efficiency (Application Triggered CIR Allocation) Ensure SLA Compliance Allows support for varied network architectures Data Security with 3DES, VLANs Flexibility Allows many “products” and “services” offerings Any type of satellite bandwidth C/Ku/Ka One hardware platform – TDMA/SCPC or 63K to 4 Mbps or Mobile Communications Any Transponder on satellite Public of Private IP Networks Management Best Management in Industry All features controlled by a GUI driven interface Central management of all functions

iNFINITI Global NMS Thousands of remote sites can be controlled by a single NMS platform C or Ku-Band Satellite iDirect Broadband VSAT Hub Internet/ Leased Line/MPLS

iNFINITI Global NMS Multiple NMS systems can be managed by a single centrally located system Internet/ Leased Line/MPLS

iNFINITI Global NMS - Details
Use the same Global NMS for all networks Global and regional GUI Enhancements to Ease Management and Monitoring Specific NMS features geared toward global networks All Network Elements defined in a single NMS Single Remote defined in Multiple Networks All instances together constitute a single “Roaming Remote” Remote may Freely Roam between Networks Same or different Protocol Processors Same or different Teleports Same or different Satellites/Transponders Remote’s On-Board Configuration contains All Network Configurations Global NMS available in iDS Release 7.0

NMS Architecture Linux Back-End Server Remote Suite Networks iBuilder
User iMonitor NOC Station iBuilder NOC Station Monitor Remote Networks Server Suite Configuration, Firmware Updates Configure And Control Realtime Network Data Config Database Realtime Archive Monitor, Control And Report

iNFINITI Global NMS Integrated NMS System for IP and Satcom network layers ALL Features Manageable from NMS Application QoS, CIR, VLANs, IP Comprehensive Network Management System Multiple Access and Authentication Configuration, Monitoring, Fault Isolation, Analysis Client-Server, 3-Tier Architecture Modularity, Flexibility, Simplifies Maintenance Linux Server Back-End Performance, Stability, Maturity, Accessibility SQL Database Built-in Database for all Statistics SNMP Proxy “The BEST in the Industry by far.” – Many iDirect Customers

iBuilder Screen Shots Major Network Components
Accessed Through Tree View Intuitive & Information Rich Data Entry Forms Template Based Configurations

iMonitor Screen Shots IP Activity by Protocol Inroute Slot Allocation Before/After Rate Shaping Historical Data The key to any network management, is the ease of identifying, isolating and fixing problems. iDirect’s graphical displays makes it very easy for operator to proactively manage a network.

iCNM iDirect Customer Network Monitor

iDirect iNFINITI: Addressing Satellite Network Challenges

iDirect iNFINITI: Addressing Satellite Network Challenges
Satellite network bandwidth (space segment) is limited and costly Satellite network latency - round trip delay of msec Eavesdropping Managing Bandwidth Managing Delay Encryption

iDirect iNFINITI: Optimizing the Broadband VSAT Network
Managing Bandwidth Application QoS Application QoS ensures bandwidth guarantees to mission-critical application, thus allowing sizing the network appropriately. Classification, Prioritization, Queuing Network QoS Prioritize real-time traffic over non-real-time traffic within an inroute group (D-TDMA) Frequency Hopping MF-TDMA Data compression Lossless compression Lossy compression cRTP IP bits/Hertz efficiency Managing Delay TCP Acceleration Mesh connectivity Encryption of Satellite Link

Remote Site Configuration
Video Remote LAN Network Operator PCs Remote Terminal L-Band IFL 10/100Mbps Ethernet Switch Users VSAT Antenna 10/100 Ethernet iNFINITI Satellite Router Satellite Modem IP Router Application QoS TCP Accelerator Encryption VoIP Phones Simple Deployment… Integrated, single box solution Standard IP/Ethernet Connection to LAN No power needed at VSAT Antenna Centrally Managed

iDirect iNFINITI Real Time Traffic Management
5 Network QoS Ensures proper priority across shared medium * Outroute Inroute CIR (Static or Dynamic, application Triggered) * 3 1 2 5 75 7 QoS, SAR, CIR on the outroute NM-1 Feathering of Timeslots minimizes jitter affects * 4 Hub SAR, Fragments and Interleaves to ensure proper dequeuing * 2 NM-1 6 cRTP reduces overall bandwidth required QoS identifies, classifies and prioritizes traffic * 1

Multiple Inbounds per Outbound
TDMA Upstream TDM Downstream Hub Remotes Remotes Remotes Remotes

Frequency Hopping – MF-TDMA
Fast Hopping MF-TDMA Inroute Group 1 Inroute Group 2 512 Kbps 512 Kbps 2 Mbps 2 Mbps TDM Downstream Hub Group 1 Remotes Group 2 Remotes Bandwidth Demand Analysed and Allocated every TDMA frame “Fast” frequency hopping, on a burst-by-burst basis Remotes can be configured with Min. CIR, Max. Rate, and Dynamic CIR Application Triggered Dynamic CIR ensures high bandwidth efficiency

Frequency Hopping – MF-TDMA
1 101 201 1 101 201 51 151 251 51 151 251 85 185 285 85 185 285 51 151 251 151 85 185 285 85 285 185 Time Time Time 1-300 Time 1-100 Each inroute serves a subset of VSATs Inroute group bandwidth available to all VSATs

Why Compression? One of the greatest challenges of broadband satellite service is the cost of space capacity on service provider networks. This challenge continues to intensify as more users around the globe utilize satellite as their primary means of Internet access. Bandwidth costs have a significant impact on the cost structure of satellite service providers. They also have a direct impact on a service provider’s ability to compete effectively in the market. The key to accomplishing this balance is through the efficient utilization of available bandwidth.

Lossy versus Lossless Compression
Lossless and lossy compression are terms that describe whether or not, in the compression of a file, all original data can be recovered when the file is uncompressed. With lossless compression, every single bit of data that was originally in the file remains after the file is uncompressed. All of the information is completely restored. TCP Payload Compression Lossy compression is a form of data reduction. It permanently eliminates unnecessary data in static images coming from the Internet. Lossy compression reduces the resolution of JPEG images coming from the Internet, but it does so in a way that end users cannot detect the differences between compressed and uncompressed images. iDirect Compression and Acceleration Server iCAS

TCP Payload Compression
The TCP Payload Compression feature provides increased bandwidth for TCP streams on both the upstream and downstream channels in periods of channel congestion. Uses zlib, an open source compression library When turned on, compression is activated for both upstream and downstream for the specific remote Compression is activated dynamically in times of congestion. If no congestion is present, data passes through the compression layer unchanged TCP Payload Compression will be available on 5xxx and 7xxx iNFINITI remotes with iDS 7.0

iDirect iCAS: Lossy JPEG Compression
Teleport’s RF Chain iNFINITI VSAT iDirect iNFINITY Hub Laptop with Built-in Wi-Fi IP Router Wi-Fi Access Point Load Balancer OSS Controller Laptop with Built-in Wi-Fi NMS/OSS/BSS Server iDirect CAS Laptop with Built-in Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Access Point Edge Router at Teleport Earth Station at the Center of Each Venue Internet Central Hub

Compressed Real-Time Protocol (cRTP)
cRTP can significantly reduce the bandwidth requirements of VoIP flows RTP-based applications utilize large numbers of small packets The 40-byte IP/UDP/RTP header often accounts for a significant fraction of the total packet length. cRTP is a standard header compression technique. Benchmarks 11.5 Kbps per voice call with G.729 compression 8.5 Kbps per voice call with G.723a compression Overall VoIP calls using cRTP achieves a 50% savings in bandwidth.

IP bits/Hertz Efficiency
Throughput Rates: How do they relate? Outroute BPSK QPSK 8PSK IP Data Rate Or User Data Rate Information Rate Transmission Rate Symbol Rate TPC 1.2 TDM Overhead FEC Mod Guard Band Mhz Inroute IP Data Rate Or User Data Rate BPSK QPSK 8PSK Information Rate Transmission Rate Symbol Rate D-TDMA TPC 1.2 TDMA Overhead FEC Mod Guard Band Mhz

Managing Bandwidth Application QoS Application QoS ensures bandwidth guarantees to mission-critical application, thus allowing sizing the network appropriately. Classification, Prioritization, Queuing Network QoS Prioritize real-time traffic over non-real-time traffic within an inroute group (D-TDMA) Frequency Hopping MF-TDMA Data compression Lossless compression Lossy compression cRTP IP bits/Hertz efficiency Managing Delay TCP/HTTP Acceleration Star/Mesh operation Encryption of Satellite Link

TCP Acceleration Impact of Satellite Delay
TCP is “window” driven to prevent receiver saturation Uses a “slow start” concept to reduce congestion - therefore takes time to build up to full capacity Reacts to network congestion by throttling back if sender detects lost packets Will confuse occasional lost packets with congestion - therefore can over react to bit error loses

TCP/HTTP Acceleration
TCP Acceleration in both directions Queues Retransmission Resequencing Satellite TCP Session Satellite Router Enhanced TCP Session Customer Hub/Switch TCP Session Hub Internet Buffering happen at Remote and Hub. This ensures only lost/corrupt packets to be transmitted, thus utilizing the channel very efficiently. Router User TCP Acceleration Process Maintains TCP Session with Server Maintains TCP Session with Remote (Optimized for Satellite Link) TCP session setup for HTTP traffic is accelerated

Managing Bandwidth Application QoS Application QoS ensures bandwidth guarantees to mission-critical application, thus allowing sizing the network appropriately. Classification, Prioritization, Queuing Network QoS Prioritize real-time traffic over non-real-time traffic within an inroute group (D-TDMA) Frequency Hopping MF-TDMA Data compression Lossless compression Lossy compression cRTP IP bits/Hertz efficiency Managing Delay TCP/HTTP Acceleration Star/Mesh operation Encryption of Satellite Link

iDirect Star Topology Upstream 64K – 4 M Downstream 64K – 18 M Hub
Remotes Remotes Remotes Remotes

Why Mesh? Inefficient use of satellite bandwidth
Remote-to-remote traffic requires twice the bandwidth of data transferred Significant Latency: >1sec roundtrip Remote-to-remote traffic requires a double hop over the satellite The recurring cost of satellite BW begs for the most efficient method of utilizing this BW. We strive to maximize the efficiency in a number of ways - synchronous burst time plan, frequency hopping, minimal TDMA overhead, all while providing a quick response to demand for additional channel BW. Up until now, all traffic going from remote to remote had to be routed through the hub. This requires double the amount of satellite BW. Many applications may require remote-remote connectivity, however, some are sensitive to latency/delay – typical examples are voice (VoIP) and videoconferencing. The double hop nature of routing all traffic through the hub introduces significant latency >1 sec roundtrip resulting in a low quality call. By providing direct remote-to-remote connectivity latency is halved and call quality significantly improves. The iDirect Mesh feature solves some of these problems.

High Level Mesh Architecture
Enterprise HQ MF-TDMA Upstreams TDM Downstream Star Connection Mesh Connection Star TDM Downstream and Mesh Control Backbone / Internet Hub Remote A Remote B Generally required for Single Hop Voice and Video

TDMA Mesh Architecture
Hub R Star Communications and Control Mesh Control Remote Terminals with TDMA Transmit (Star/Mesh) TDM Receive (Star) TDMA Receive (Mesh) TDMA Carriers for Star Return and Mesh Traffic with MF-TDMA and D-TDMA TDM Forward Channel

Mesh System Requirements
Hub must be able to “see” itself – no spot/hemi-beam support Mesh remote must be able to “see” itself BUC and antenna are sized to achieve EPEBW at the satellite – for all remotes in Mesh IG the equal-power-equal-bandwidth point (EPEBW) ensures the highest possible mesh availability M1D1 is required as transmit line card M1D1/M0D1 is required as receive line card Remote must be iNFINITI 53xx or 73xx PLL LNB is required at remote Outroute/inroute must be on the same band and same transponder

Star/Mesh Network Design
Benefiting from the Star Topology The hub maintains tight control of transmissions to and from remotes A common network management system is provided through the hub station Information transfer is optimized for star topology information networks, such as those maintained by centralized corporations and service/content providers -> the majority of data traffic still takes the star route

Star/Mesh RF Network Design
RF design for mesh operation With Star topology, the RF design of the return link can be arranged to minimize dish size and transmit power at the remote VSAT. The resulting weak carrier signals can be received by the larger diameter hub station antenna; VSAT (very small aperture terminal) is the remote Earth station in the star network architecture With Mesh design, the VSATs need to be dimensioned appropriately to allow remote-to-remote mesh connectivity Link Budget Implications Generally 25% of standard Star throughput If Star LBA is 2 Mbps, then Mesh would be about 512 kbps Network Design Implications Additional Overhead involved (2 bytes + SAR)

Sample Link Budget Horizons 1 (127W) – Star and Mesh Ku-band VSAT Sizing - QPSK Assumptions Transponder specific values SFD -95 dBW/m2 (0 G/T and 0 dB attn) Attn 10 dB IBO/OBO 6/3 dB BW 36 MHz Availability 99.75% Hub 6.1M in Silver Spring, MD VSAT Sizing Forwar d Link Return Link Ant (m) HPA (W) Trans- ponder Usage Star Mesh Max Info Rate / IP Data (kbps) Max Info Rate / IP Data (kbps) TPC 0.66 TPC 1.2 2 BW Limited 675/524 150/115 175/150 4 1350/1050 300/230 350/300 1.8 1550/1220 325/250 400/350 3100/2440 650/500 800/700 Hub VSAT G/T (dB/K) 5 2 EIRP (dBW) 50 47

Star/Mesh Operation Star/Mesh is basically an overlay model, and will be tuned in iDS release 7.0 towards VTC and VoIP (UDP) traffic. The mesh traffic can be triggered on a service level basis. For a VoIP call, this means that a remote will send voice signaling (TCP) over a star (remote to hub) topology and RTP/cRTP traffic (UDP) via a direct remote-to-remote meshing.

Phased Mesh Release Phase 1: Single Carrier Only
Can have multiple SINGLE Carrier Mesh inroutes sharing One OB UDP traffic only Phase 2: MF-TDMA based Multi-Carrier All Carriers have to be same size, FEC, Modulation Support for both UDP and TCP traffic Encryption support; TRANSEC over mesh link Phase 3: MF-TDMA based Multi-Carrier Different size inroutes probably sized in multiples of a smallest carrier 256, 512, 768, 1024, etc.

iDirect Star/Mesh Benefits
Meets most “Mesh” requirements of Star/Mesh Generally Smaller Antenna’s / ODU’s MF-TDMA with Adaptive Channels Increase Efficiency Higher System Efficiency than Full Mesh Simpler System Management Adding Capacity is Just Adding another Inroute Do not have to “Touch” every site Centralized Statistics Collection and Availability Other Star/Mesh characteristics: Not Full Mesh – We can operate like one, but the efficiency benefits are with star/mesh operation Not SCPC Mesh – TDMA star/mesh is more scalable and bandwidth efficient General Scalability Issue – Number of concurrent connections depends on carrier size All remotes in a mesh inroute must be mesh capable

Broadband VSAT Network Optimization

AES Link Encryption Security
TCP Acceleration Application QoS Encrypted Line Unencrypted Line Headquarters LAN/WAN 3DES Link Encryption Hub Remote Site IP Router Satellite Router Secure VPN Remote Site IP Router Internet Satellite Router Enterprise Security without Affecting Performance Retains the Benefits of TCP Acceleration and QoS

External Encryption Architecture
Enterprise Specified Secure Link Corporate Standard Link Encryption iDirect NA Data Accelerator Application QoS Headquarters Hub Remote Site iDirect Satellite Router External Encryption iDirect NA Data Accelerator Application QoS External Encryption Use Enterprise Specified Security/Encryption Devices Data Security without Affecting Performance Retains the Benefits of TCP Acceleration and QoS

iDirect iSCPC

SCPC vs. iSCPC SCPC iSCPC is like SCPC except…
Single Channel per Carrier (SCPC) One physical modem at each site for each link at that site No TDMA overhead TDMA overhead typically takes 20% to 40% of gross kbps after error correction SCPC overhead typically takes 2.5% of gross kbps after error correction iSCPC is like SCPC except… iSCPC is a term invented by iDirect. It is not standard industry jargon. iSCPC interfaces only with IP. It has no clear channel mode. iSCPC includes built-in networking and applications layer software: TCP acceleration for links with long latency Built-in Application QoS IP Router with multiple routing policy alternatives

iDirect iSCPC Features
Data Rate – 64Kbps to 18 Mbps IP Only Feature Rich Router Application QoS/Prioritization (Classed Based Queuing) TCP/Web Acceleration RIP v2 or Static Routes Local DNS Cache NAT DHCP/DHCP Helper cRTP AES/3DES Link Encryption (Optional) GUI Based Management – iSite and iNMS (iDS 7.0) Same Remote Satellite Router Hardware Platform as Star or Star/Mesh Reduces Sparing Reduces Training Requirement Flexibility to use as either TDMA or SCPC (Configuration Change Only) iDirect iSCPC IDU

iSCPC Performance Limits
Simplex (Multicast and UDP Only) or Duplex Mode Can be Symmetric or Asymmetric QPSK is the Currently Available Modulation (Jan 06) BPSK (& possibly 8PSK) will be available with iDS 7.0 Various FEC options available – 0.879, 0.793, 0.533, 0.495, 0.431 Tested Performance (5150) as of Release 6.0.9 1500 Byte Packet Size (UDP) One Direct Traffic 16 Mbps Both Directions Traffic 20 Mbps Total 512 Byte Packet Size (UDP) 6 Mbps 8 Mbps Total

iSite iSCPC Configuration
Full Configuration Support For: Modem Parameters IP Configuration (Including VLANs) QoS Comparing Active/Latest Configuration Also Supports all Pointing/Commissioning Tools In iSCPC Mode

The iDirect Virtual Network Operator

How can we reduce Cost and Complexity of Service Provisioning?
Virtual Network Operator (VNO) model A VNO is not a virtual operator Virtual Network = virtual assets Ecosystem between Host Network Operator (HNO) and Virtual Network Operator (VNO) The VNO has full control over IP Service Provisioning & Delivery including IP Routing and IP QoS/SLA without the cost and complexity of building and maintaining a VSAT or even a terrestrial IP infrastructure

Virtual Network Operator Model
HNO provides / VNO leases: Space segment Hub, teleport and co-location facilities Internet access Commissioning and network management VNO2 VNO NMS IP Appliance NMS Client NMS NMS Client VNO1 VNO NMS IP Appliance HNO IP Appliance Hub Internet

Virtual Network Operator Model - Benefits
Reduced CAPEX Reduced network complexity Increased flexibility Reduced time to market Ecosystem between satellite operator (HNO) and service provider (VNO)

Virtual Network Operator
Commissions Remotes Provisions Services Virtual Network Operator Provides Hub, Teleport & Space Segment Host Network Operator iNFINITY Broadband VSAT Solution Service & Support

Virtual Network Operator
Gets VNO Package from HNO Line Card, VNO Client NMS Protocol Processor & NMS Server Manages Remotes Commissioning, Configurations IP QOS Settings, IP Routing Issues Virtual Network Operator Provides Hub Chassis & Facilities Manages RF & Baseband Chain Provides Space Segment, Co-Lo, Uplink Connectivity to VNO NMS Clients Provides Level-1 Technical Support Host Network Operator iNFINITY Broadband VSAT Solution Service & Support

iNFINITI-Based Broadband VSAT Service Architecture

Broadband VSAT Services
VPN Services MPLS Service Extension Mobile/Maritime Service Internet Access

VPN Service: End-to-End VLANs (802.1p/Q)
Remote 3 Remote 1 Remote 2 /28 /24 /24 VLAN n /24 VLAN 22 /24 VLAN 31 Remote 4 /28 VLAN 31 /24 Remote 1 VLAN n /24 IP/MPLS VLAN 31 VLAN 22 Remote 2 /24 Leased Lines VLAN 22 Hub Router VLAN n Internet/VPN VLAN 31 /24 Remote 3 VLAN n /24 IP over Ethernet IP over Ethernet /28 Private Networks Map to MPLS/ATM/Leased Lines Closed User Groups Overlapping Private Addressing QoS Per VLAN Remote 4 IP over Ethernet /28

MPLS Service Extension
Extending MPLS VPNs and MPLS QoS MPLS VPN to 802.1Q VLAN mapping MPLS QoS to 802.1p/DiffServ/ToS mapping iDirect Network VLAN 802.1p DiffServ TOS Site A1 HQ-A Site B2 MPLS Network VLAN 802.1p DiffServ TOS PE Site B1 HQ-B Site A2 Router with MPLS Connectivity to MPLS Backbone

VPN Service: External Encryption Architecture
Enterprise Specified Secure Link Corporate Standard Link Encryption Network Accelerator with Application QoS Headquarters Hub Remote Site Satellite Router External Encryption Network Accelerator with Application QoS External Encryption Use Enterprise Specified Security/Encryption Devices Data Security without Affecting Performance Retains the Benefits of TCP Acceleration and QoS

Mobile/Maritime Service
Applications: Moving trucks, ships, SNG Solution requires a stabilized antenna platform; auto-pointing antenna integration Lat/Long information provided through GPS Hub maintains connectivity with remote as it moves Timing Offsets, Frame Start Delay, etc. Automatic beam switch-over, based on Geographic location Beam availability and quality Backup Teleport/Network Global NMS

Internet Access: Integrated Turnkey Wireless MAN
Broadband Hub Satellite Router+ VSAT IP Router Wi-Fi CPE Ethernet OSS/BSS Controller Compression Server OSS/BSS Server Long Range Wi-Fi Access Point PC Earth Station at the Center of Each City Internet Central Hub

Broadband VSAT Networks
iDirect iNFINITI Broadband VSAT Networks fulfill the growing demand of corporations and organizations for Broadband IP anywhere

Real-Time Traffic Management Details

Managing Application QoS
Application QoS - Enables real-time classification, and prioritization of data traffic Traffic classification & prioritization can be performed using Source and/or Destination IP Address Source and/or Destination IP Subnet Source and/or Destination Port Number Source and/or Destination Port Range Diffserv and ToS Bits VLAN ID Protocol (TCP, UDP, HTTP, ICMP, IGMP) Configurable Queue Lengths For Each Service Level A percentage of bandwidth assigned to each service level Configurable drop policy Traffic can be rate limited in both directions LAN Traffic Service Queues Satellite Network RTTM Slide

SAR – Segmentation and Reassembly
Packet Arrival Time FTP Packets (1500 Byte) 5 4 3 2 1 Dequeue RF Out b a 1 The Large FTP Packet will delay voice in a congested state j i h g f e d c b a VoIP Packets (60 Byte) QoS Distributor FTP Packets (1500 Byte) SAR 6 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 Dequeue 1 RF Out 1 d c b a 1 As packets are divided into equal sized packets, a voice packet has to wait a maximum of one burst. k j i h g f e d c b a VoIP Packets (60 Byte) QoS Distributor RTTM Slide

Static CIR & Dynamic CIR
Committed to Site even if it is not used Dynamic CIR Allocated to a remote only when traffic present < 1 sec allocation time Allocation may be triggered by an Application CIR Bandwidth Allocated to R1 even if there is no traffic at Remote R1 Shared Pool R1 Shared Pool CIR CIR Bandwidth Allocated to R1 since Application Triggered Dynamic CIR Voice Traffic R1 Shared Pool Data Traffic Bandwidth Allocated to R1 in best effort manner R1 Shared Pool RTTM Slide

Timeslot Feathering Allocation
Bandwidth allocated to R1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 75 12 13 14 R1 1 Frame 1 Frame 2 Frame 3 VoIP Packets Delay Delay Significant variation in delay causes jitter. VoIP Packets VoIP Packets VoIP Packets Frame 1 Frame 2 Frame 3 Delay RTTM Slide Minimal variation in delay significantly reduces jitter.

Network QoS Network QoS
Prioritize real-time traffic over non-real-time traffic across shared satellite bandwidth Allocate traffic demand for each remote appropriately Network Inroute 1 Inroute 2 Inroute 3 Inroute 4 rt nrt Prioritization rt - Real-time Traffic (e.g. VoIP) nrt - Non-Real-time Traffic (e.g. FTP) Prevents non real time traffic from one remote impacting Real Time Traffic on a different and unrelated remote RTTM Slide

End of Presentation

Broadband VSAT Networks

Broadband VSAT Networks: IP Convergence
IP is dominant Protocol Data is the dominant application Internet traffic continues growth at a fast pace Network Convergence for data, voice, video CAPEX savings: Single platform for all network services OPEX savings: Simplified network operation, management and maintenance

Broadband VSAT Networks: Satellite vs. Terrestrial
Pro Satellite Geographical coverage unsurpassed Can access any remote location Uniform service characteristics Extremely reliable (>99.9% up time) Extremely reliable data broadcast or multicast Single vendor typically Easy remote site deployment Supports multiple applications Streaming video & audio applications Data applications Voice applications; Voice over IP Pro Satellite: Independent of terrestrial infrastructure

Pro Satellite (cont.) Ideally suited for point-to-multipoint and large distributed networks Capable of asymmetric bandwidth A single point of management allows for easier traffic analysis/management Operational low Bit Error Rate; typically >10-9 Capable of simultaneous delivery of data to an unlimited number of remotes Independence from typical telephone infrastructure Private network capabilities Mobile/wireless communication, independent of location Pro Satellite: Independent of terrestrial infrastructure

Contra Satellite Space segment cost Propagation Delay (double hop = 0.5 s) Eavesdropping

Misc. Slides

Competitive Solution vs. iDirect Typical Remote Site Implementation
Complex, Expensive, Multiple Points of Failure, Difficult to Manage, Support Packeteer QoS/Prioritization Mentat TCP Acceleration Cisco IP Router Non-iDirect Satellite Modem 70 Mhz – Ku Up-Converter 70 Mhz – Ku Down-Converter 70 Mhz Ku-Band VoIP Server Desktops Ku-Band L-Band iDirect TCP/Web Acceleration QoS/Prioritization 3DES Encryption IP Router Satellite Modem Up-Converter LNB SCPC Solutions require, typically 4 separate devices. This is expensive (capex and opex), error prone, not-portable, not-scalable Simple, Integrated, Full-featured, Cost Effective Customer Value Slide

iDS Software IP Routing Software Layer 2 Features
RIPv2 Static Routes Performance Enhancement TCP Acceleration, HTTP Acceleration, RTTM Feature Set IP Features DNS Caching DHCP and DHCP Helper NAT (PAT) Quality of Service and Filtering System QoS - Rate Limits, CIR (Dynamic & Static), Minimum CIR Application QoS - Class Based Weight Fair Queuing Filters – Access Control Lists Layer 2 Features 802.1q VLANs 802.1p Priority Bits MTU Auto-discovery Integrated with TCP Acceleration Security 3DES Encryption (Optional) FIPS Certified Version (Optional) Hub Authentication Satcom Mobile Mode Turbo Product Codes FEC L-Band (Ku/C/Ka) Interface to Integrate with Auto-pointing Antenna’s TVRO Port Automatic Uplink Power Control TDMA, Mesh and SCPC Management Centralized Management Over the air upgrades Configuration Backup

iDirect TPC vs. RSV Downstream BER Performance
RSV requires 1.5 dB incremental power to provide the same level of service. 1/100 bits lost 1/100,000,000 iDirect Other RSV Other RSV Shannon Limit At 5dB Eb/No iDirect Operating at 10x-9 is extremely important for higher TCP throughputs. TCP is very sensitive delay and loss. At 10x-7 TCP throughput over satellite drops to an poor 5% throughput (without acceleration). At 10x-9, TCP throughput is at about 98% throughput with acceleration. The additional power provided by TPC, allows for automatic uplink power control, thus higher availability. This additional power can also be used to run carriers in a bandwidth limited manner, thus saving recurring expenses. Standard Network Operating Range Customer Value Slide

Typical DVB Implementation (1 network) Vs
Typical DVB Implementation (1 network) Vs. iDirect IP Implementation (Up to 20 Networks) Typical DVB Hub Typical iDirect Hub Router QoS/Prioritization DVB Encapsulator Satellite Modem Up/Down Converter Real Time NMS LAN Switch LAN Switches Protocol Processor Non-Real Time NMS NMS Server Net Enforcer Server Modulator Demodulators iDirect Hub w/Universal Line Cards Demodulators iDirect Hub Slide

Configuration Flexibility
512 kbps / 128 Kbps Small Remote Site Router 1 Mbps / 256 Kbps Medium Remote Site Router Hub 2 Mbps / 512 Kbps With 32 kbps CIR Large Remote Site Each remote can be configured with a different bandwidth Per remote bandwidth increase through configuration Configure CIRs, Minimum and Maximum Rates MF-TDMA provides efficient Bandwidth usage Router Each site can be configured differently, even though they operate within the same satellite carriers.

Thank You

The iDirect iNFINITI Broadband VSAT Solution

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