1. Muscular System

2. Lesson Objectives In today’s lesson you will: Can I re-cap last lessons keywords? Can I understand the short and long-term effects of the muscular system when participating in exercise? (C) Can I evaluate the importance of rest and recovery? (A)

3. Starter – Mark Homework 1. C - Pectorals 2. C – Deltoids 3. A. A – Isotonic B. C – isometric 4. Flexed Bicep 5. Quadriceps 6. (i) Gastrocnemius (ii) Hamstrings/Quadriceps 7. Antagonistically 1. When a rounder’s player is holding a bat ready to hit the ball the elbow is flexed, what muscle is contracting? What muscle is relaxing? (2 marks) 2. Which muscles contract to allow flexion and extension at the knee joint? (2 marks)

4. Recap Questions 1.In swimming front crawl, what movements occur at the hips? (2 marks) 2.In breast stroke what movements occur at the hips? (2 marks) 3.Stretch your arm straight out palm up. Turn your palm over. What movement occurred? (1 mark) 4.Show examples of: abduction, adduction, rotation, flexion and extension. (5 marks)

5. Recap on Contractions Isotonic – when movement occurs Isometric – without movement Concentric – shortens (clouds) Eccentric- lengthens (elastic) What type of muscle contraction is occurring when a weight lifter is lifting a weight? (1 mark) What types of muscle contraction is occurring when a gymnast is holding a handstand? (1 mark) What types of muscle contraction is occurring on the bicep when the elbow flexes? (1 mark)

6. Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aE8HyN0z Jcw

7. Effects of Exercise The body combines glycogen and oxygen in the working muscles to make energy. When we increase the intensity of exercise, we need to increase the supply of oxygen. When we take part in physical activity – our body experiences some immediate effects. These effects help the body so that the body can complete the work that you want it to do What are these affects?

8. Effects of Exercise Immediate Effects Increased demand for energy Increased carbon dioxide production Increased temperature Waste product (Lactic Acid) is produced Muscle fatigue Perspire Increased heart rate

9. Effects of Exercise If you continue to exercise on a regular basis, your body will start to adapt You become fitter because your body adapts to make the work easier for your body to do Muscles improve their ability to produce energy Blood Vessels in the muscles become more efficient so that they can cope with the process better What other adaptations are there?

10. Effects of Exercise Long term effects Increased strength of ligaments Increased strength of tendons Increased strength of skeletal muscle Increased size of skeletal muscle (Hypertrophy) Increased mitochondria (site of aerobic respiration) Increased Myoglobin (oxygen store)

11. Resting When you train muscles using the principle of progressive overload, the tiny muscle Fibres are pulled apart. The body repairs these damages when we rest and build the Fibres back slightly stronger. The muscular system needs time to recover before working again However if you stop training then muscles reduce in size again through the principle of reversibility. This is called Muscular Atrophy

12. Plenary Quiz Split Class in half Team Names? Team Buzzer Must be somebody different answering the question each time ??????????????????????????

13. Homework For your sport: Explain all the muscles you use and why you use them. Explain how you can train these specific muscles and how by training them can improve your sports performance