1. Theory of Planned Behavior ARTICLE REVIEW EVAN HILBERG

2. Article Review A Test of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Explain Physical Activity in a Large Population Sample of Adolescents from Alberta, Canada Journal of Adolescent Health, 2011 Plotnikoff, Lubans, Costigan, et.al.

3. Theory of Planned Behavior Social-cognitive theory used to explain PA behaviors A person’s intention to perform a behavior is the central determinant Intention determined by attitude, social norms, and perceived control Attitude- Norms- Perceived control-

4. Introduction/Purpose TBP hasn’t been tested extensively in adolescent populations Primary objective- ◦Explore the power of TBP to explain PA behaviors in adolescents Alternative objectives- ◦Explore moderating effects of gender ◦Explore mediating effects of intention

5. Methodology Validated, short measures of TBP constructs (att, norms, intent) Attitude- 2 item construct (enjoyment and importance) Subjective Norms- “Most people important to me think I should take part in regular PA”

6. Methodology Intention- “I plan to be physically active on a regular basis over the next month” Perceived behavior control- 4 item self-efficacy measure Validated PAQ for Older Children used to assess PA levels over 7 days

7. Methodology Series of models used to test secondary objectives ◦Gender was ID as a potential moderator ◦Unrestricted to fully constrained models ◦Intention seen as mediator Analysis of moment structures used to test primary objective ◦Adjusted for school

8. Results Sample reflects overall Alberta population The model testing revealed an excellent fit to the data ◦All pathways significant ◦Model explained 59% and 43% (intention/behavior) Mediation analyses ◦Intention found to mediate relationship between variables and PA ◦All pathways were significant

9. Results Moderation analyses revealed excellent fit to the data ◦Both boys and girls ◦Further analyses showed stronger relationship among boys in model ◦Also showed stronger relationship among boys among pathways

10. Plotnikoff et al’s test of TPB

11. Discussion Largest TPB study in youth with a representative sample Results support the TPB with significance for all construct pathways Perceived control and intention accounted for 43% of variance of behavior Attitude, norms, and perceived control explained 59% of the variance for intention

12. Discussion Results are consistent with other literature in adult and adolescent populations Differences existed between genders in the models Perceived control was strongest correlate of behavior for all Attitude was strongest correlate of intention for all

13. Discussion Mediation assumptions were satisfied for the constructs, although they were small

14. Class discussion What does it all mean?? Implications of overall variances Implications of mediation and moderation Implications of gender differences