1. 1 4 th Annual Conference & Exhibition For Metering, Billing and Customer Service In Electricity Industry in the Middle East & Africa Eng. Maher Soliman Matta Head of South Cairo Network Sectors Cairo Electricity Distribution Co. Eng. Azza Abdel Hady General manager for technical planning affairs Egyptian Electricity Holding Co. Eng. Ramadan F.A. El-Fetouh Senior planning Engineer Egyptian Electricity Holding Co. October 2003

2. 2 The electricity was introduced in Egypt in 1893, the generation and distribution were owned by private companies for about 70 years.  The electricity was introduced in Egypt in 1893, the generation and distribution were owned by private companies for about 70 years. In July 2001, significant changes in the structure of the electricity and energy sector took place, production and distribution were unbundled.  In July 2001, significant changes in the structure of the electricity and energy sector took place, production and distribution were unbundled.

3. 3 The power system in Egypt serves about 19.2 million customers of which about 16.5 million residential.  The power system in Egypt serves about 19.2 million customers of which about 16.5 million residential. The total annual energy meters required is about 1018116 meters.  The total annual energy meters required is about 1018116 meters. The metering system in Egypt still depends on the electromechanical meters that have many disadvantages including low accuracy.  The metering system in Egypt still depends on the electromechanical meters that have many disadvantages including low accuracy.

4. 4 Today's energy measurement application demand that energy meters be both intelligent and powerful to satisfy ELECTRIC UTILITES challenges of accurate measurement besides information needed for improving power quality, customer service and planning for future, a complete energy measurement and a communication system can integrate Power Quality Monitoring, Event Recording, Load Profiling, Cutoffs Reporting and more.  Today's energy measurement application demand that energy meters be both intelligent and powerful to satisfy ELECTRIC UTILITES challenges of accurate measurement besides information needed for improving power quality, customer service and planning for future, a complete energy measurement and a communication system can integrate Power Quality Monitoring, Event Recording, Load Profiling, Cutoffs Reporting and more.

5. 5 This presentation will briefly give an OVERVIEW OF THE EGYPTIAN ELECTRICITY AND ENERGY SECTOR,the specifications of ELECTRONIC METRES and AUTOMATIC METER READING SYSTEM (AMR) accepted by ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES IN EGYPT.  This presentation will briefly give an OVERVIEW OF THE EGYPTIAN ELECTRICITY AND ENERGY SECTOR,the specifications of ELECTRONIC METRES and AUTOMATIC METER READING SYSTEM (AMR) accepted by ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES IN EGYPT.

6. 6 Why Electronic-Meters and not Electro-Mechanical any more?  Why Electronic-Meters and not Electro-Mechanical any more? ELECTRONIC POWER AND ENERGY METERS  ELECTRONIC POWER AND ENERGY METERS Features and Capabilities  Features and Capabilities Technical Specifications  Technical Specifications AUTOMATIC METER READING ( AMR ) SYSTEM  AUTOMATIC METER READING ( AMR ) SYSTEM Overview of the Egyptian Electricity and Energy Sector  Overview of the Egyptian Electricity and Energy Sector System Features and Capabilities  System Features and Capabilities Meter Interface Unit ( MIU )  Meter Interface Unit ( MIU ) Hand Held Unit ( HHU )  Hand Held Unit ( HHU ) Data Collecting Unit ( DCU )  Data Collecting Unit ( DCU ) Features and Capabilities Of Workstation  Features and Capabilities Of Workstation Reports Required From The Workstation  Reports Required From The Workstation

7. 7 In February 1976, the Egyptian Electricity Authority (EEA) was established under the jurisdiction of the Ministry Of Electricity and Energy (MOEE).  In February 1976, the Egyptian Electricity Authority (EEA) was established under the jurisdiction of the Ministry Of Electricity and Energy (MOEE). The electricity was introduced in Egypt in 1893 through private companies for about 70 years until the nationalization took place in 1962.  The electricity was introduced in Egypt in 1893 through private companies for about 70 years until the nationalization took place in 1962. EEA was given the exclusive right to generate, transmit and distribute electricity throughout the whole country.  EEA was given the exclusive right to generate, transmit and distribute electricity throughout the whole country.

8. 8 In 1984, the Peoples Assembly cancelled the EEA’s exclusive right to generate and transmit electricity.  In 1984, the Peoples Assembly cancelled the EEA’s exclusive right to generate and transmit electricity. In April 1996, EEA started the activities related to the BOOT power project.  In April 1996, EEA started the activities related to the BOOT power project. In 1996, law No. 100 grant local and foreign investors concessions to Build, Own, Operate and Transfer (BOOT) power generation stations.  In 1996, law No. 100 grant local and foreign investors concessions to Build, Own, Operate and Transfer (BOOT) power generation stations.

9. 9 In 2000, the Egyptian Electricity Authority became the Egyptian Electricity Holding Company (EEHC), a joint stock company.  In 2000, the Egyptian Electricity Authority became the Egyptian Electricity Holding Company (EEHC), a joint stock company. In July 2001, unbundling the production, transmission and distribution functions took place.  In July 2001, unbundling the production, transmission and distribution functions took place. The following chart illustrates the last arrangement of the power and energy sector in Egypt.  The following chart illustrates the last arrangement of the power and energy sector in Egypt.

10. 10 Distribution Companies Egyptian Electricity Transmission Co. Production Companies Egyptian Electricity Holding Co. East Delta Hydro plants West Delta Upper Egypt Cairo Alexandria South Delta Canal North Delta Cairo Upper Egypt Beheira Middle Egypt Ministry Of Electricity And Energy

11. 11  Installed Capacity : 17331 MW Thermal: 13158 MW (about 76 %) Hydro: 2745 MW (about 16 %) Private Sector: 1365 MW (about 7 %) Wind: 63 MW  Peak Load : 14401 MW

12. 12  Number of Customers : about 19.2 million Residential: about 16.5 million Commercial: about 1.5 million Industry: about 0.4 million Other sectors : about 0.8 million The total annual required meters: 1018116  The total annual required meters: 1018116 Single phase meters : 955000 Single phase meters : 955000 Three phase meters : 63116 Three phase meters : 63116

13. 13 Why Electronic-Meters and not Electro-Mechanical any more?  Why Electronic-Meters and not Electro-Mechanical any more? ELECTRONIC POWER AND ENERGY METERS  ELECTRONIC POWER AND ENERGY METERS Features and Capabilities  Features and Capabilities Technical Specifications  Technical Specifications AUTOMATIC METER READING ( AMR ) SYSTEM  AUTOMATIC METER READING ( AMR ) SYSTEM Overview of the Egyptian Electricity and Energy Sector  Overview of the Egyptian Electricity and Energy Sector System Features and Capabilities  System Features and Capabilities Meter Interface Unit ( MIU )  Meter Interface Unit ( MIU ) Hand Held Unit ( HHU )  Hand Held Unit ( HHU ) Data Collecting Unit ( DCU )  Data Collecting Unit ( DCU ) Features and Capabilities Of Workstation  Features and Capabilities Of Workstation Reports Required From The Workstation  Reports Required From The Workstation

14. 14  Have no moving parts or magnets that affect the accuracy of measurements.  Electronic Meters  Have the ability of discovering and registering by date and time stamp wrong connections such as current reverse, phase sequence reverse and voltage absence.  Not affected by the external magnetic fields.

15. 15  Meters have increased sensitivity, it can achieve a very high level of accuracy ( Class 0.2 ) that extends over a wide current dynamic range.  Electronic Meters  Meter inclination has no effect to the meter accuracy.  Needn’t any calibration through their lifetime, have easy and stable calibration without hardware adjustment

16. 16  Can work properly over a wide range of voltage i.e. not affected by voltage drop.  Electronic Meters  Regarding to Industrial Loads one meter can measure the following :  Active energy.  Reactive energy.  Max. demand by date and time stamp.  Life time of the meter extends to 30 years and more and have low power consumption.

17. 17  Easily enable new functionalities such as automatic meter reading (AMR), multi-tariff billing, prepayment, load shedding, power outage detection, power factor detection and load profile.  Electronic Meters  The meters can manipulate Fraud and Tamper also can register the time and date of its occurrence.

18. 18  The accuracy of the meter is not affected by aging it’s stable over time and temperature.  Electronic Meters  Have flexibility of design and can easily be reconfigured and updated (software update).

19. 19 Electronic meter is an advanced economical solution for growing energy measurement requirements of ELECTRIC UTILITES.  Electronic meter is an advanced economical solution for growing energy measurement requirements of ELECTRIC UTILITES.

20. 20 Why Electronic-Meters and not Electro-Mechanical any more?  Why Electronic-Meters and not Electro-Mechanical any more? ELECTRONIC POWER AND ENERGY METERS  ELECTRONIC POWER AND ENERGY METERS Features and Capabilities  Features and Capabilities Technical Specifications  Technical Specifications AUTOMATIC METER READING ( AMR ) SYSTEM  AUTOMATIC METER READING ( AMR ) SYSTEM Overview of the Egyptian Electricity and Energy Sector  Overview of the Egyptian Electricity and Energy Sector System Features and Capabilities  System Features and Capabilities Meter Interface Unit ( MIU )  Meter Interface Unit ( MIU ) Hand Held Unit ( HHU )  Hand Held Unit ( HHU ) Data Collecting Unit ( DCU )  Data Collecting Unit ( DCU ) Features and Capabilities Of Workstation  Features and Capabilities Of Workstation Reports Required From The Workstation  Reports Required From The Workstation

21. 21  Have current sensing for both phase and neutral, registers the energy consumption correctly under tampered conditions.  Consumption is not affected by polarity sequence.  Visual annunciation in the form of LED from front takes place in case of opening terminals box or meter cover.  Tamper-proof design and construction

22. 22  Records the full energy consumed even in case of:  Tamper-proof design and construction Phase terminals are externally by passed. Phase terminals are externally by passed. Reversal of input and output terminals. Reversal of input and output terminals. Phase-in and phase-out connections are shorted. Phase-in and phase-out connections are shorted. Load is partially or fully drawn through external earth. Load is partially or fully drawn through external earth.

23. 23 612111098754321 L1 L2 L3 N × ×× ×× × Reversal of input and output terminals. Consumption is correctly registered

24. 24 612111098754321 L1 L2 L3 N × ×× ×× × Phase terminals are externally by passed Consumption is correctly registered

25. 25 Phase-in and phase-out connection are shorted Imbalance Detection Consumption is correctly registered L1 L2 L3 N

26. 26 Load Load Imbalance Detection Consumption is correctly registered Load is partially or fully drawn through external earth L1 L2 L3 N

27. 27  Not affected by power failure, it contains early detection means of power failure, which permits control circuits to store data of consumption, and configure the circuit for this failure.  Equipped with LED for meter testing, calibration and operation indication.  Retention time of the Non-volatile memory shall not be less than 20 years even in case of power failure.

28. 28  The housing endures shocks and operation conditions. It is made of heat resistant and flame retardant material.  Doesn’t contain moving parts “solid state meter”.  Life – time of the screen is not less than life–time of the meter.  Doesn’t contain parts that need periodic replacement.

29. 29  Doesn’t require any calibration or maintenance, stability of meter accuracy is guaranteed during its life time.  Doesn’t generate electro-magnetic waves or harmonics that may interfere other instruments or be superimposed on power lines.  Metering element is shielded against external magnetic fields and protected against over volts and high frequency disturbances.

30. 30  In case of Industrial loads Equipped with a clock, a calendar to get real time and date accurately which has a backup power means that ensures the operation of the clock during the power failure and doesn’t need periodic replacement.

31. 31 Can be programmed by multi-rate tariff, controlled by internal timing circuitry and a built in tariff time switch module, has a minimum of 8 switching times and capable of providing different programmable tariff structures for week end and holiday periods.  In case of Industrial loads

32. 32 Can be tested and programmed in laboratory or by portable Hand Held Unit (HHU) from front of the meter through communication port according to IEC 1107 which is used to load tariff programs, retrieve, or modify registered data without removing the meter cover.  In case of Industrial loads

33. 33  Records the following events ( by date and time stamp ): Missing voltage. Missing voltage. Current reversal. Current short / open. Current reversal. Current short / open. Opened cover or terminal-box cover. Opened cover or terminal-box cover. Tamper and fraud occurrences. Tamper and fraud occurrences.  On each event an annunciation takes place (a symbolic representation on the LCD screen or LED indication from front of the meter).  In case of Industrial loads

34. 34 A Contactor and a push button shall be fitted as integral parts to the electronic meter, according to standard specifications IEC 158 – 1,2 in order to disconnect and reconnect the supply. The push button is used to restore the supply if it was shut down by the contactor according to the company’s instructions through the communication media and the system software, after removing the cause of disconnection.  In case of applying A.M.R system

35. 35  Reference standard International Standard specifications “IEC-61036” or equivalent. Electronic Meters designed for measurement of electric energy (low voltage 220 / 380 V) consumed by customers. The meters are suitable for household, commercial, industrial applications and the installation inside, distribution kiosks and boxes by direct or through current transformer connection.  Description

36. 36  The meter housing and it’s cover shall be of robust construction made of polycarbonate. They are heat-resistant and flame retardant according to “IEC 695-2-1”.  The meter and the terminals cover shall be held by a cross drilled and sealed security screws. “The meter and the terminals box shall be leaded and stamped”. They shall be provided by a means of tamper and fraud detection   Description

37. 37   Terminal - Box Diameter of Input - Output terminals Single – phase meter direct connection up to 80 A Three – phase meter direct connection up to 100 A Three – phase meter with current transformers mm9103

38. 38   Current   Frequency   Voltage Single Phase, operating voltage 220 ± 20 % Three phase, operating voltage 380 ± 20 % Single Phase; XA / 220 V, 2 wires. Three phase; XA/380 V, 4 wires. (X, according to the company’s requirement) 50 Hz ± 2 %

39. 39 Single Phase : KWH consumed, max. demand (option). Three phase : XA/380V KWH, KVARH, max. demand and power factor. : X/5A with C.T KWH, KVARH, max. demand and power factor. : X/5A with C.T KWH, KVARH, max. demand and power factor.   Accuracy Class Class 1   Measuring

40. 40 Single phase : 2 wires, Direct connection. Three phase : 4 wires, Direct connection or through current transformers.   No of Sealing Top cover : 2 Terminal box : 1   Connection

41. 41  Fully electronic LCD, display is retained during loss of power.  6 digits at least, display area not less than 20 mm 2 for each digit.  Registers shall reset to zero after they have reached their max. indication 999999.  All registered data about consumption, reverse energy and aggregate shall be displayed.   Display Screen

42. 42 A symbolic annunciation is present on the LCD screen to indicate the following:  Phase present indication.  Phase sequence monitoring (blinking in case of reverse phase sequence).  Tariff information.   LED Indications Tamper and fraud detection. Opened cover or terminal box.   Other annunciation on LCD screen

43. 43 Power Consumption in voltage circuits < 2 W Power Consumption in current circuits < 4 VA   Relative Humidity Zero to 90 % or better   Energy Consumption   Degree of protection IP 51   Data retention Not less than 20 years (un-powered).   Temperature Range (operation) 5°C to 70°C ambient temperature for electronic components inside the meter up to 80°C.

44. 44 Why Electronic-Meters and not Electro-Mechanical any more?  Why Electronic-Meters and not Electro-Mechanical any more? ELECTRONIC POWER AND ENERGY METERS  ELECTRONIC POWER AND ENERGY METERS Features and Capabilities  Features and Capabilities Technical Specifications  Technical Specifications AUTOMATIC METER READING ( AMR ) SYSTEM  AUTOMATIC METER READING ( AMR ) SYSTEM Overview of the Egyptian Electricity and Energy Sector  Overview of the Egyptian Electricity and Energy Sector System Features and Capabilities  System Features and Capabilities Meter Interface Unit ( MIU )  Meter Interface Unit ( MIU ) Hand Held Unit ( HHU )  Hand Held Unit ( HHU ) Data Collecting Unit ( DCU )  Data Collecting Unit ( DCU ) Features and Capabilities Of Workstation  Features and Capabilities Of Workstation Reports Required From The Workstation  Reports Required From The Workstation

45. 45 Watt-hour Meters equipped with two- way communication Automatic Meter Reading System Scheme Energy Management M/S Central Work Station modem Concentrator modem Concentrator 10.5kv 380/220v380/220v 10.5kv GSM

46. 46  The system provides dependable bi-directional communication between connected electricity meters and the central workstation for transmitting, receiving data required for the existing metering and / or billing system (s), downloading / modifying tariff structure programs and instructions, generate graphs of load profile, demand analysis and any other metering applications required.

47. 47  The software and data transmitted shall be compatible with the existing (household, commercial, light industrial, industrial) metering and / or billing application (s) found in the company.  On-line and real time access to the connected meters from the central workstation or the Data Collecting Unit (DCU) for the purpose of uploading modifying new metering programs.

48. 48  On-line warning (alarm / visual annunciation) in the event of tampering and the software is capable of identifying fraudulent use of electricity.  The system shall act as a load limit device, it shall facilitate remote load limit setting using the system software and the communication media.  The system shall monitor LV losses by comparing the consumption of the consumers and the total power consumed downstream the distribution transformer.

49. 49  Have the capability to introduce and operate pre-payment system to any connected electronic meter according to the company’s requirements using the integral contactor fitted with the meter to disconnect and reconnect power supply at the meter by an external command remotely activated through the bi- directional communication media.  The system shall disconnect the power supply in case of un-payment for consumption through a command remotely activated from the workstation or the data collecting unit.

50. 50 An intelligent unit housed on a plug-in circuit board that is factory installed or can be easily added later as a field upgrade to the electronic meters or a separate unit installed with electro-mechanical meters, used to transmit data from the meter to the DCU and from the DCU to the meters through the power line carrier LV.   Definition

51. 51  Low power consumption below 0.5 W on average.  Distance of data transmission via electrical power lines (low voltage) shall not be less than 1500 meters.

52. 52  Small portable electronic unit IEC 1107 compatible for programming meter parameters and reading metering data.   Definition  The communication between the HHU and the DCU is carried out through infra – red rays, magnetic coil or any other means.  Upload all required data at the same time from the DCU, up to 3000 customers. Hand Held Unit

53. 53  Stores the data on a non-volatile memory that can maintain data for a period not less than 5 years, regardless the case of the supply batteries.  Has upgrade capabilities.  Has an Arabic user interface.  Ability to upload / download data to the central workstation, have a compatible protocol with approved meter reading programs at the central work station. Hand Held Unit

54. 54  It's an intelligent electronic unit equipped with communication means “transmitting– receiving" data from meters across power lines LV.   Definition  Has a communication means to transmit metering data via GSM, Radio, Telephone lines or any other communication system agreed by the company to the central workstation. It also directly communicates with the HHU through infra red, magnetic coil or any other means. Concentrator

55. 55 Concentrator Hand Held Unit Data transmitted between HHU and DCU

56. 56  Receives the required data for not less than 1200 electronic meters belong to the same distribution transformer.  Keeps the received data on a non-volatile memory for a period of 5 years at least, even in case of power failure.  Supports meter replacement.  Records by date and time stamp electricity cut offs. Concentrator

57. 57  Supports energy loss calculation by comparing the consumption of all meters that are supplied from the same transformer, by the total energy consumed from the distribution transformer.  The memory is designed to keep all types of data required for the AMR system applications with built in flexibility and expandability  Able to issue broadcast commands simultaneously through all 3 phases. Concentrator

58. 58 Meters and AMR are just the means to get Data. It’s what you do with this Data that’s important ! Software analysis is the key.

59. 59  It is a computer running a database and a printer equipped with suitable software to achieve the system's following requirements:   Definition Energy Management M/S Central Work Station

60. 60   Collect the meter reading data from DCU (s) or HHU (s) for the following Automatic Meter Reading applications:  Daily and monthly meter reading.  Load profile.  Real time reading.  Multi rate tariff and time of use.  Remote download of tariff time structure.  Clock synchronization.  Max. demand and time of occurrence.  Power cutoffs.

61. 61   Collect the meter reading data from DCU (s) or HHU (s) for the following Automatic Meter Reading applications:  Interface compatible with existing meter reading and / or billing system (Arabic Interface).  Meter replacement support.  Supports remote meter disconnection and reconnection. Energy Management M/S Central Work Station

62. 62  Meters that exceed maximum load permissible.  Meters with power factor less than 0.9.  Tampered meters.  Meters that didn't transmit readings.  Customers which their consumption increased or decreased than the monthly average with a predefined value determined by the company.  LV losses for each DCU by comparing the consumption of the consumers and the total power consumed down stream the same distribution transformer.  Customers Disconnected due to un-payment for consumption.

63. 63 The three that must go together to get ENERGY and UTILITES MANAGEMENT into IT world. AutomaticMeterReading(AMR)AutomaticMeterReading(AMR)SoftwareAnalysisSoftwareAnalysis ElectronicMetersElectronicMeters ITworld

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