1. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS) John Bowers, Ph.D. National Survey Coordinator Emergency & Domestic Programs USDA APHIS PPQ Riverdale, MD John Bowers, Ph.D. National Survey Coordinator Emergency & Domestic Programs USDA APHIS PPQ Riverdale, MD A National Approach to Surveying for Exotic Species

2. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS) Conducts science-based national and state surveysConducts science-based national and state surveys Targeted at specific exotic plant pestsTargeted at specific exotic plant pests  insects, pathogens, and weeds Identified as threats to U.S. agriculture and/or the environmentIdentified as threats to U.S. agriculture and/or the environment Conducts science-based national and state surveysConducts science-based national and state surveys Targeted at specific exotic plant pestsTargeted at specific exotic plant pests  insects, pathogens, and weeds Identified as threats to U.S. agriculture and/or the environmentIdentified as threats to U.S. agriculture and/or the environment

3. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS) Domestic survey programDomestic survey program Line of defense behind port inspectionsLine of defense behind port inspections Focus on exotic pestsFocus on exotic pests  Not native, widely distributed or established pests  Not PPQ Program pests Domestic survey programDomestic survey program Line of defense behind port inspectionsLine of defense behind port inspections Focus on exotic pestsFocus on exotic pests  Not native, widely distributed or established pests  Not PPQ Program pests

4. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS) A program focused on the early detection of exotic plant pestsA program focused on the early detection of exotic plant pests Pests and pathogens not yet present in the U.S., or a very limited distributionPests and pathogens not yet present in the U.S., or a very limited distribution Potential to have a high impact if establishedPotential to have a high impact if established  environmental or economic consequences A program focused on the early detection of exotic plant pestsA program focused on the early detection of exotic plant pests Pests and pathogens not yet present in the U.S., or a very limited distributionPests and pathogens not yet present in the U.S., or a very limited distribution Potential to have a high impact if establishedPotential to have a high impact if established  environmental or economic consequences

5. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS) Conduct surveys for pests and pathogens we hope we do not find, and should not be hereConduct surveys for pests and pathogens we hope we do not find, and should not be here Negative data is very importantNegative data is very important Potential to facilitate trade (ISPM Standards)Potential to facilitate trade (ISPM Standards)  pest-free areas  pest-free areas of productions Conduct surveys for pests and pathogens we hope we do not find, and should not be hereConduct surveys for pests and pathogens we hope we do not find, and should not be here Negative data is very importantNegative data is very important Potential to facilitate trade (ISPM Standards)Potential to facilitate trade (ISPM Standards)  pest-free areas  pest-free areas of productions

6. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS) CAPS has come to mean many things for many peopleCAPS has come to mean many things for many people It is an acronym that rolls off the tongue very easilyIt is an acronym that rolls off the tongue very easily Has taken on a wide, umbrella-like meaningHas taken on a wide, umbrella-like meaning CAPS has come to mean many things for many peopleCAPS has come to mean many things for many people It is an acronym that rolls off the tongue very easilyIt is an acronym that rolls off the tongue very easily Has taken on a wide, umbrella-like meaningHas taken on a wide, umbrella-like meaning

7. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS) CAPS is not a cooperative agreement programCAPS is not a cooperative agreement program  Uses cooperative agreements to distribute funds to state cooperators CAPS is not an umbrella programCAPS is not an umbrella program  Not all cooperative agreements are CAPS agreements Depends on funding sourceDepends on funding source CAPS is not a cooperative agreement programCAPS is not a cooperative agreement program  Uses cooperative agreements to distribute funds to state cooperators CAPS is not an umbrella programCAPS is not an umbrella program  Not all cooperative agreements are CAPS agreements Depends on funding sourceDepends on funding source

8. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS) USDAUSDA  APHIS Plant Protection & Quarantine (PPQ)Plant Protection & Quarantine (PPQ) –Emergency & Domestic Programs »Pest Detection ○ CAPS ○ CAPS Funded through the Pest Detection line item USDAUSDA  APHIS Plant Protection & Quarantine (PPQ)Plant Protection & Quarantine (PPQ) –Emergency & Domestic Programs »Pest Detection ○ CAPS ○ CAPS Funded through the Pest Detection line item

9. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS) Specific program that uses the cooperative agreement vehicle to distribute fundsSpecific program that uses the cooperative agreement vehicle to distribute funds Other domestic programs also use cooperative agreements to fund surveysOther domestic programs also use cooperative agreements to fund surveys  These are not CAPS program surveys  Funded through other means or other line items Specific program that uses the cooperative agreement vehicle to distribute fundsSpecific program that uses the cooperative agreement vehicle to distribute funds Other domestic programs also use cooperative agreements to fund surveysOther domestic programs also use cooperative agreements to fund surveys  These are not CAPS program surveys  Funded through other means or other line items

10. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS) It will be increasingly important to distinguish and track surveys and work completed with Pest Detection funds separate from surveys and work completed with other funds!It will be increasingly important to distinguish and track surveys and work completed with Pest Detection funds separate from surveys and work completed with other funds!  Performance measures  Congressional inquiries  Accountability It will be increasingly important to distinguish and track surveys and work completed with Pest Detection funds separate from surveys and work completed with other funds!It will be increasingly important to distinguish and track surveys and work completed with Pest Detection funds separate from surveys and work completed with other funds!  Performance measures  Congressional inquiries  Accountability

11. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS) Need to track funding source to work accomplished, reports, and data entryNeed to track funding source to work accomplished, reports, and data entry  Identify the funding source of the data record in NAPIS or PHIS/ISIS CAPS transitioning from NAPIS to PHIS/ISIS as the database for survey recordsCAPS transitioning from NAPIS to PHIS/ISIS as the database for survey records  Need to change the cooperative agreement for 2011/2012 Need to track funding source to work accomplished, reports, and data entryNeed to track funding source to work accomplished, reports, and data entry  Identify the funding source of the data record in NAPIS or PHIS/ISIS CAPS transitioning from NAPIS to PHIS/ISIS as the database for survey recordsCAPS transitioning from NAPIS to PHIS/ISIS as the database for survey records  Need to change the cooperative agreement for 2011/2012

12. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Cooperative Agriculture Pest Survey (CAPS) Work plan development & submissionWork plan development & submission Module in PHIS to facilitate drafting and submitting work plans to the RegionsModule in PHIS to facilitate drafting and submitting work plans to the Regions Submit to the Agreements Staff as a final draft agreed upon by PPQ and the StateSubmit to the Agreements Staff as a final draft agreed upon by PPQ and the State States interested in electronic agreementsStates interested in electronic agreements Work plan development & submissionWork plan development & submission Module in PHIS to facilitate drafting and submitting work plans to the RegionsModule in PHIS to facilitate drafting and submitting work plans to the Regions Submit to the Agreements Staff as a final draft agreed upon by PPQ and the StateSubmit to the Agreements Staff as a final draft agreed upon by PPQ and the State States interested in electronic agreementsStates interested in electronic agreements

13. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine From CAPS To Farm Bill

14. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine 2008 Farm Bill Food Conservation and Energy Act of 2008Food Conservation and Energy Act of 2008 Section 10201: Plant Pest and Disease Management and Disaster PreventionSection 10201: Plant Pest and Disease Management and Disaster Prevention Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to make available Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) funds for:Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to make available Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) funds for: Food Conservation and Energy Act of 2008Food Conservation and Energy Act of 2008 Section 10201: Plant Pest and Disease Management and Disaster PreventionSection 10201: Plant Pest and Disease Management and Disaster Prevention Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to make available Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) funds for:Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to make available Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) funds for:

15. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine 2008 Farm Bill – Section 10201 Early pest detection and surveillanceEarly pest detection and surveillance Threat identification and mitigation of plant pests and diseasesThreat identification and mitigation of plant pests and diseases Technical assistance in the development and implementation of audit-based certification and nursery plant pest risk management systemsTechnical assistance in the development and implementation of audit-based certification and nursery plant pest risk management systems Early pest detection and surveillanceEarly pest detection and surveillance Threat identification and mitigation of plant pests and diseasesThreat identification and mitigation of plant pests and diseases Technical assistance in the development and implementation of audit-based certification and nursery plant pest risk management systemsTechnical assistance in the development and implementation of audit-based certification and nursery plant pest risk management systems

16. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine 2008 Farm Bill – Section 10201 APHIS Administrator directed PPQ to develop a business and implementation plan to spend these fundsAPHIS Administrator directed PPQ to develop a business and implementation plan to spend these funds Congress inserted language into the Stimulus Bill that authorized APHIS to use CCC funds for Administrative purposesCongress inserted language into the Stimulus Bill that authorized APHIS to use CCC funds for Administrative purposes Plan was sent to OMB on 3/23/09Plan was sent to OMB on 3/23/09 Legal authority to spend the moneyLegal authority to spend the money APHIS Administrator directed PPQ to develop a business and implementation plan to spend these fundsAPHIS Administrator directed PPQ to develop a business and implementation plan to spend these funds Congress inserted language into the Stimulus Bill that authorized APHIS to use CCC funds for Administrative purposesCongress inserted language into the Stimulus Bill that authorized APHIS to use CCC funds for Administrative purposes Plan was sent to OMB on 3/23/09Plan was sent to OMB on 3/23/09 Legal authority to spend the moneyLegal authority to spend the money

17. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine 2008 Farm Bill – Section 10201 $12 million in FY09$12 million in FY09 $45 Million in FY10$45 Million in FY10 $50 million in FY11 – FY13$50 million in FY11 – FY13 Annual moneyAnnual money Funds must be obligated by September 30Funds must be obligated by September 30 States have one year to spend the fundsStates have one year to spend the funds $12 million in FY09$12 million in FY09 $45 Million in FY10$45 Million in FY10 $50 million in FY11 – FY13$50 million in FY11 – FY13 Annual moneyAnnual money Funds must be obligated by September 30Funds must be obligated by September 30 States have one year to spend the fundsStates have one year to spend the funds

18. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine 2008 Farm Bill – Section 10201 Working with the Agreements staff to streamline the process for 2009Working with the Agreements staff to streamline the process for 2009 Farm Bill was not meant to enhance CAPS surveys, and there are requirements for reports to CongressFarm Bill was not meant to enhance CAPS surveys, and there are requirements for reports to Congress Farm Bill activities need to be tracked separately from CAPS activitiesFarm Bill activities need to be tracked separately from CAPS activities May involve separate work plans and/or agreementsMay involve separate work plans and/or agreements Working with the Agreements staff to streamline the process for 2009Working with the Agreements staff to streamline the process for 2009 Farm Bill was not meant to enhance CAPS surveys, and there are requirements for reports to CongressFarm Bill was not meant to enhance CAPS surveys, and there are requirements for reports to Congress Farm Bill activities need to be tracked separately from CAPS activitiesFarm Bill activities need to be tracked separately from CAPS activities May involve separate work plans and/or agreementsMay involve separate work plans and/or agreements

19. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine 2008 Farm Bill – Section 10201 Implementation Plan is posted on APHIS websiteImplementation Plan is posted on APHIS website  Link on the Pest Detection page Email address provided for commentsEmail address provided for comments Stakeholder Registry to receive noticesStakeholder Registry to receive notices APHIS will convene discussions with stakeholders in the next several weeks to ask for inputAPHIS will convene discussions with stakeholders in the next several weeks to ask for input Implementation Plan is posted on APHIS websiteImplementation Plan is posted on APHIS website  Link on the Pest Detection page Email address provided for commentsEmail address provided for comments Stakeholder Registry to receive noticesStakeholder Registry to receive notices APHIS will convene discussions with stakeholders in the next several weeks to ask for inputAPHIS will convene discussions with stakeholders in the next several weeks to ask for input