1. Teens and Tobacco

2. Objectives
Identify 3 factors that influence teens’ decisions about tobacco use
Describe the various forms of tobacco products

3. DO NOW
What does this graph reveal about the popularity of smoking among teenage smokers?

4. Then vs. Now Your parents lived in a much smokier environment
People smoked on planes, in movie theatres, restaurants, and at work
Today we know A LOT more about the dangers of smoking
As a result, tobacco use has fallen
It is not as socially acceptable as it once was

5. 1960s s

6. Why Teens Use Tobacco
Friends
Family
Media

7. Influence of Friends
Most people who become addicted start in their teens
Teens that have friends who smoke are more likely to start themselves
Peer pressure
If a teen has friends that do not smoke, they are less likely to start
Most teens credit their friends for helping them resist the urge to smoke

8. Influence of Family
Family may have warned you about the dangers of tobacco
Positive role models
Children of smokers are much more likely to start smoking, even if their parents discourage them
They see smoking as a behavior related to adulthood
They assume they will use tobacco just like their parents

9. Influence of Media
ANTI-tobacco ads may have influenced you to not smoke
You most likely have heard the dangers of smoking on TV or in a magazine

10. Joe Camel

11. Marlboro Man

12. Cartoons

13. Tobacco products

14. Tobacco Products
Made from dried, processed leaves of the tobacco plant
They produce a chemical that acts as an insecticide
Nicotine
Very addictive
In pure liquid form it is extremely poisonous
Infant deaths

15. Products That Are Smoked
When the tobacco is processed for these products, preservatives, flavorings, and other substances may be added, some of which contribute to the harmful effects of smoking
Cigarettes
E-Cigarettes
Cigar Tobacco
Pipe Tobacco

17. Smokeless Tobacco
Tobacco that is chewed, placed between the lower lip and teeth, or sniffed through the nose
Contains many of the same chemicals found in tobacco smoke, including nicotine
Chewing tobacco – “dip” or “chew”
Poor quality, ground tobacco, mixed with flavors, preservatives, and chemicals
Snuff
Finely ground, powdered tobacco
Mouth or sniffed through nose

19. Vocabulary
Nicotine – an extremely addictive chemical in tobacco products.
Smokeless Tobacco – tobacco products that are chewed, placed between the lower lip and teeth, or sniffed.

20. Vocabulary
Chewing Tobacco – a smokeless tobacco product that consists of poor-quality, ground tobacco leaves and is placed between the gum and cheek.
Snuff – a smokeless tobacco product that consists of dry or moist powder. It may be placed between the lower lip and teeth or sniffed.

21. Chemicals in tobacco products

22. Vocabulary
Stimulant – drug that increases the activity of the nervous system
Tar – the dark, sticky substance that forms when tobacco burns
Carcinogen – cancer causing agents
Carbon Monoxide – an odorless, poisonous gas produced when tobacco is burned

23. Nicotine’s Short Term Effects
Increased heart rate
Increased blood pressure
Changes in the brain that may lead to addiction

24. Nicotine Addiction
People rely on tobacco for feelings of alertness and pleasure
Ongoing use leads to the development of a tolerance
Therefore, the more a person uses tobacco, the bigger their tolerance will become
This will eventually lead to nicotine addiction

25. Nicotine Withdrawal
If a nicotine addict goes without nicotine for even a short while, he or she may experience withdrawal symptoms
Symptoms include:
Headaches
Irritability
Difficulty sleeping
Inability to concentrate
Intense nicotine cravings

26. What’s in a Cigarette?
There are approximately 600 ingredients in cigarettes
When burned, they create more than 4,000 chemicals
At least 50 of these chemicals are known to cause cancer, and many are poisonous
Many of these chemicals are also found in consumer products, but these products have warning labels
While the public is warned about the danger of the poisons in these products, there is no such warning for the toxins in tobacco smoke

27. Here are a few of the chemicals in tobacco smoke, and other places they are found…
Acetone – found in nail polish remover
Formaldehyde – embalming fluid
Acetic Acid – an ingredient in hair dye
Hexamine – found in barbecue lighter fluid
Ammonia – a common household cleaner
Lead – used in batteries
Napthalene – an ingredient in moth balls
Arsenic – used in rat poison
Benzene – found in rubber cement
Methanol – a main component in rocket fuel
Butane – used in lighter fluid
Nicotine – used as insecticide
Cadmium – active component in battery acid
Tar – material for paving roads
Toluene - used to manufacture paint
Carbon Monoxide – released in car exhaust fumes

28. Short Term Effects of These Chemicals
Brown stains on fingers and teeth
Smelly hair and clothes
Bad breath
Receding gums and tooth decay
Paralysis of cilia lining the airways
Increased respiratory infections (colds, flu)
Impaired lung function (reduced athletic ability)

33. Risks of tobacco use

34. Vocabulary
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) – a disease that results in gradual loss of lung function
Chronic Bronchitis – a condition in which the bronchi in the lungs are constantly swollen and clogged with mucus
Emphysema – a disorder in which damaged alveoli in the lungs can no longer take in adequate oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide

35. Vocabulary
Leukoplakia – white patches on the tongue or lining of the mouth that may become cancerous
Mainstream Smoke – smoke that is exhaled from a smokers lungs
Sidestream Smoke – smoke that goes directly into the air from a burning tobacco product
Secondhand Smoke – a combination of mainstream smoke and sidestream smoke

36. Long Term Risks
Tobacco is the leading cause of preventable death in the US
Cigarette smoking is responsible for 400,000 deaths a year in the US
Tobacco users increase their risk of developing respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and several forms of cancer

37. Respiratory Diseases “Smoker’s Cough” Results from damage done by tar
Tar sticks to the cilia in the in the respiratory tract and prevent them from moving
This results in mucus and particles to be pushed into the lungs instead of the throat to be swallowed
The cough comes from trying to clear the airway

38. Respiratory Diseases
Tobacco smoke and other toxins also irritate the lining of the bronchi
The bronchi are tubes that carry air between the trachea and the lungs
They become inflamed
This restricts the amount of air let into the lungs

39. Smoking Also Leads To… Increased risk of stomach ulcers
Slower healing of injuries
Increased colds and flu
Increased allergies and asthma
A constant runny nose
Frequent headaches
Dulled sense of taste and smell
Premature wrinkling

40. Cardiovascular Disease
Diseases of the heart and blood
Kills 140,000 smokers a year
The combined effects of nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide force the cardiovascular system to work harder to deliver oxygen throughout the body

41. Cardiovascular Disease
A smoker is 3 times more likely than a nonsmoker to have a heart attack
Cigarette smoking doubles a persons chances of having a stroke
Smokers are 10 times more likely to develop circulation problems in blood vessels that carry blood to the entire body

42. Cancer
Tobacco use is a major factor in the development of lung cancer, oral cancers, and several other cancers

43. Lung Cancer Leading cause of cancer death for men and women
85% of lung cancer deaths are related to smoking
By the time most lung cancers are diagnosed, successful treatment is unlikely
Only 15% of lung cancer patients survive for more than 5 years

46. Oral Cancer Cancer of the mouth, tongue, and throat
90% of oral cancers occur from people using tobacco
The survival rate is higher than lung cancer
However, surgery to remove the cancer can be disfiguring

49. Other Cancers
Tobacco users also have an increased risk of cancers of the:
Esophagus
Larynx
Stomach
Kidneys
Pancreas
Bladder
Blood
Other sites

50. Secondhand Smoke
Long term exposure to secondhand smoke can cause cardiovascular disease, many respiratory problems, and cancer
Secondhand smoke causes 50,000 deaths from heart attacks and lung cancer each year
Each year, secondhand smoke contributes to about 300,000 respiratory infections in children younger than 18 months

51. Avoiding Secondhand Smoke
Laws now prohibit or restrict smoking in many public places and workplaces
As smoking becomes less socially acceptable, it will become less common
Ask smokers not to smoke around you
Be FIRM when telling guests they cannot smoke in your house or car
Pick restaurants that do not allow smoking!

52. Tobacco Use and Pregnancy
Pregnant women who smoke put their babies at risk for many health problems
Increases the baby’s heart rate
Reduces the baby’s oxygen supply
Slows cell growth
Babies born to smokers weigh about 6 ounces less than the babies of nonsmokers
Low birth weight can lead to:
Cerebral palsy, sight impairment, hearing problems, learning difficulties

53. Tobacco Use and Pregnancy
Pregnant women who smoke have higher rates of miscarriages, premature births, and stillbirths
Babies who’s mother smokes is also at risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDs)
When a healthy baby suddenly dies, usually while sleeping

55. Saying no to tobacco

56. Vocabulary
Nicotine substitute – a product such as a gum, patch, spray, or inhaler that contains nicotine and is designed to help a person quit tobacco use

57. Sticking to your decision not to use tobacco involves being able to say no clearly and with confidence
Do not assume that you can start using tobacco now and just stop when you want
Studies show that most teens have a more difficult time quitting than people who start using as adults

58. Benefits of Quitting
The health benefits of quitting begin immediately and continue through life
Society also benefits every time someone quits

59. Changes in a Smoker’s Body After Quitting
FIRST DAYS
After 20 minutes
BP and HR return to normal
Temperature of hands and feet increases to normal
After 8 hours
O2 and Carbon Monoxide levels return to normal
After 24 hours
Risk of sudden heart attack decreases
After 48 hours
Senses of taste and smell start to improve

60. AFTER 3 MONTHS
Circulation improves
Lung function improves
AFTER 9 MONTHS
Coughing and nasal congestion diminish
Respiratory infections are less frequent
Energy level increases
AFTER 1 YEAR
Risk of heart disease is half that of a current smoker

61. AFTER 5 YEARS
Stroke risk is the same as a non smoker
Risk of mouth and throat cancer is half that of a current smoker
AFTER 10 YEARS
Lung cancer death rate is about half the rate of a current smoker
Life expectancy is comparable to a nonsmoker

62. Tips For Quitting
The most important factor in successfully quitting tobacco is a strong personal commitment
No single method works best for everyone
Quitting is most difficult during the first week or 2 after that last cigarette
Nicotine withdrawal

63. Nicotine Substitutes Aid in quitting cigarettes
Contains nicotine, but not the other harmful products in cigarettes
By slowly cutting back on the amount of nicotine, a person can reduce withdrawal symptoms
Most Common  Gum and Patches
Others Sprays and Inhalers
Still exposed to nicotine
Never use along with tobacco products!