1. Chapter 14 Pretest Light

2. 1. In an evacuated tube, a zinc plate exposed to ultraviolet light: A) acquires a negative charge, B) gains protons, C) gains electrons, D) acquires a positive charge.

4. 2. In photoelectric emission, doubling the intensity of the incident light: A) doubles the rate of emission of photoelectrons, B) doubles the kinetic energy of photoelectrons, C) halves the rate of emission of photoelectrons, D) halves the kinetic energy of photoelectrons.

6. 3. For spherical mirrors of small aperture, the radius of curvature divided by the focal length gives a quotient of: A) 0.5, B) 1.0, C) 1.5, D) 2.0.

8. 4. In the case of convex mirrors: A) f and d i are both positive, B) f is positive, but d i is negative, C) f is negative, but d i is positive, D) f and d i are both negative.

10. 5. If you know the wavelength of any form of electromagnetic radiation, you can determine its frequency because: A. all wavelengths travel at the same speed. B. the speed of light varies for each form. C. wavelength and frequency are equal. D. the speed of light increases as wavelength increases.

12. 6. If you are reading a book and you move twice as far away from the light source, how does the brightness at the new distance compare with that at the old distance? It is: A. one-eighth.B. one-fourth. C. one-halfD. twice.

14. 7. In the diagram above, the image of object B would be: A. virtual, enlarged, and inverted. B. real, enlarged, and upright. C. virtual, reduced, and upright. D. virtual, enlarged, and upright.

16. 8. In the diagram above, the image of object B would be: A. real, reduced, and upright. B. virtual, enlarged, and upright. C. virtual, reduced, and inverted. D. virtual, reduced, and upright.

18. 1. What event caused the downfall of Newton’s corpuscular theory of light? What event caused the downfall of Huygen’s wave theory of light?

19. Foucalt’s discovery that light travels slower in water than in air. Einstein’s explanation of the photoelectric effect.

20. 2. Write Einstein’s equation for the maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons and explain each term. Use Einstein’s equation to explain cutoff frequency.

21. KE max = hf – w KE max is the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons, h is Planck’s constant, f is the frequency of the photon, w is the work function

22. KE max = hf – w If KE is zero, then hf = w and f is the lowest it can be to overcome the work function; therefore, it is the cutoff frequency.

23. 3. If light travels 35.385 5 km through air in 1.180 58 x 10 -4 s, what is the speed of light in air in km/s?

24. 35.385 5 km / 1.180 58 x 10 -4 s = 299730 km/s

25. 4. A concave mirror has a focal length of 15 cm. An object 1.8 cm high is located 20 cm from the mirror. Calculate the location and size of the image. What is its type and orientation?

26. 1/f = 1/d o + 1/d i 1/15 = 1/20 + 1/d i d i = 60 cm h i /h o = d i /d o h i /1.8 = 60/20 h i = 5.4 cm real, inverted, larger

27. 5. The focal length of a convex mirror is 4.0 cm. An object 2.0 cm high is 10.0 cm from the mirror. Calculate the location and size of the image. What is its type and orientation?

28. 1/f = 1/d o + 1/d i 1/-4 = 1/10 + 1/d i d i = -2.86 cm h i /h o = d i /d o h i /2 = 2.86/10 h i = 0.57 cm virtual, upright, smaller

29. 6. A concave mirror has a focal length of 5.0 cm. An object 0.75 cm high is 3.0 cm from the mirror. Calculate the location and size of the image. What is its type and orientation?

30. 1/f = 1/d o + 1/d i 1/5 = 1/3 + 1/d i d i = -7.5 cm h i /h o = d i /d o h i /0.75 = 7.5/3 h i = 1.88 cm virtual, upright, larger

31. A parallel ray is reflected through the focal point.

32. A ray through the focal point reflects parallel.

33. The rays don’t cross after reflection, so the rays must be extended to the other side of the mirror. Where they cross is the image: virtual, upright, and larger.

34. 7. What is the energy of a photon whose wavelength is 2.0 x 10 -7 m?

35. c = fλ 3 x 10 8 = f 2 x 10 -7 f = 1.5 x 10 15 E = hf E = 6.63 x 10 -34 x 1.5 x 10 15 E = 9.945 x 10 -19 joules

36. 8. What is the energy of a photon whose frequency is 3.0 x 10 14 Hz? (h = 6.63 x 10-34 Js)

37. E = hf E = 6.63 x 10 -34 x 3 x 10 14 E = 1.99 x 10 -19 J