1. Chapter 12: The World of Islam
Section 1: The Roots of Islam
Section 2: Islamic Beliefs and Practices
Section 3: Islamic Empires
Section 4: Cultural Achievements
Pages

2. Bell Work 2/26 Define the Following in Chapter 12:
Muhammad
Islam
Muslim
Qur’an
Mosque
Five Pillars of Islam
Shia
Sunni
Minaret

3. Islamic Beliefs & Practices Cultural Achievements
The Islamic World
Roots of Islam
Islamic Beliefs & Practices
Islamic Empires
Cultural Achievements

4. The Roots of Islam The Big Idea
In the harsh desert climate of Arabia, Muhammad, a merchant from Mecca, introduced a major world religion called Islam.
Main Ideas
Arabia is mostly a desert land, where two ways of life, nomadic and sedentary, developed.
A new religion called Islam, founded by the prophet Muhammad, spread throughout Arabia in the 600s.

5. Saudi Arabia is called “the Crossroads” because it lies near the intersection of Africa, Europe, and Asia.

6. Roots of Islam Characteristics of Saudi Arabia
Desert with Oases
Limited water
Sand dunes (800ft & 100mi)
Scorching Temperatures
Hot dry air
100 degrees daily (summer)
Sustaining life
Nomads with herds
Sedentary with farms
Caravans and trade routes

7. Roots of Islam Foundation of Islam
Arabs
Muhammad (story)
Caravan
25 and 40
Khadijah
Islam and Muslim (AD 613)
Mecca and Medina
Mosque
Kaaba (shrine)
Allah

8. Islamic Beliefs and Practices
The Big Idea
Sacred texts called the Qur’an and the Sunnah guide Muslims in their religion, daily life, and laws.
Main Ideas
The Qur’an guides Muslims’ lives.
The Sunnah tells Muslims of important duties expected of them.
Islamic law is based on the Qur’an and the Sunnah.

9. The Five Pillars of Islam P. 360
Islamic Beliefs and Practices
The Qur’an (messages and jihad) page 359 “guides for behavior”
The Sunnah (duties way of life)
Shariah (law)
The Five Pillars of Islam P. 360
Saying “There is no god but God, and Muhammad is his prophet”
Praying five times a day
Giving to the poor and needy
Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan
Traveling to Mecca at least once on a hajj

10. Women Fewer Rights Than Men

13. Islamic Empires The Big Idea
After the early spread of Islam, three large Islamic empires formed–the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal.
Main Ideas
Muslim armies conquered many lands into which Islam slowly spread.
Trade helped Islam spread into new areas.
Three Muslim empires controlled much of Europe, Asia, and Africa from the 1400s to the 1800s.

14. Islamic Empires Caliph Empires (Europe, Asia, and Africa) Abu Baker
Ottoman Empire
Suleyman I
Byzantine Empire
Safavid Empire
Shia and Sunni Split
Shah
Mughal Empire India
Taj Mahal

15. Cultural Achievements
The Big Idea
Muslim scholars and artists made important contributions to science, art, and literature.
Main Ideas
Muslim scholars made lasting contributions to the fields of science and philosophy.
In literature and the arts, Muslim achievements included beautiful poetry, memorable short stories, and splendid architecture.

16. Cultural Achievements
Astronomy, geography, math, and science
Writings translated into Arabic
Muslim Mathematician Invented Algebra
Improved maps
Philosophy-Sufism
Added to Greek and Indian medicine
School of Pharmacy
Smallpox (detect and treat)
Medical Encyclopedia
The Thousand and One Nights (poetry)
Minaret
Architecture
Calligraphy and Patterns
no humans or animals in religious art

21. Islamic Examples
Arabic Writing
Prayer Rug
Prayer Necklace
Headgear

22. Islamic Beliefs & Practices Cultural Achievements
The Islamic World
Roots of Islam
Islamic Beliefs & Practices
Islamic Empires
Cultural Achievements