1. Ch. 16. 2 Japan’s Pacific Campaign I. Surprise Attack on Pearl Harbor A. Day of Infamy 1.The U.S. cut off oil shipments to Japan in 1941 as a result of them invading French Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos) 2.Isoroku Yamamoto, Japan’s greatest naval strategist called for an attack on the U.S. Fleet in Hawaii

2. A. Day of Infamy 1.Dec. 7 th, 1941 American sailors at Pearl Harbor woke to explosions by Japanese bombers

3. A. Day of Infamy 4. 19 ships were destroyed or damaged including 8 battleships, 2,300 Americans killed with over 1,100 wounded 5. Almost at the same time the Japanese attacked Hong Kong (U.K.), Guam (U.S.), & Wake Island (U.S.)

4. II. Japanese Victories A. Quick Victories for the Japanese 1.Guam and Wake Island fell quickly and then the Japanese turned their attention to the Philippines 2. Within 4 months of severe fighting the Japanese took the Philippines

5. A. Quick Victories for the Japanese 3. Also took Hong Kong, Malaya, Singapore, the resource rich Dutch East Indies, Burma and began setting sights on India 4. The Japanese came as conquerors and treated their new colonies with cruelty 5. Most brutal treatment was given to prisoners because they considered surrendering dishonorable

6. III. Allies Strike Back A. The Allies Turn the Tide 1.Doolittle’s raid in response to Pearl Harbor was a psychological boost of moral for the Allies because it showed Japan was vulnerable 2.The Battle of the Coral Sea was the first time that the Allies were able to stop the advancing Japanese fleet

7. B. The Battle of Midway 1.U.S. broke the Japanese code and were able to decipher Japan’s next invasion on Midway Island

8. B. The Battle of Midway 2. American planes swooped down on the Japanese fleet destroying 332 planes, 4 carriers, and support ship 3.The tide of the war was changed; the Allies had the upper hand

9. IV. An Allied Offensive 1.General MacArthur develops a strategy of “island hopping” to by pass Japanese strongholds and attack lesser defended islands closer to Japan

10. IV. An Allied Offensive 2. The Battle of Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands on August 7, 1942 began the island hopping strategy

11. IV. An Allied Offensive 3. The battle lasted 6 months and was a sign that the Japanese would fight to almost the last man 4. Japanese lost more than 24,000 men out of 36,000; battle became known as the “Island of Death”