1. The Water Planet 1.1 Water continually cycles. 1.2
CHAPTER
The Water Planet
the BIG idea
Water moves through Earth’s atmosphere, oceans, and land in a cycle.
1.1
Water continually cycles.
1.2
Fresh water flows and freezes on Earth.
1.3
Fresh water flows underground.
CHAPTER OUTLINE

2. Water continually cycles.
1.1
Water continually cycles.
Water moves through Earth’s environment in a continuous cycle.
fresh water
salt water
Evaporation
Water rises as vapor. 1
water cycle
evaporation
condensation 2 3
Condensation
Vapor changes into liquid. 2
precipitation 1
Precipitation Water falls to the surface. 3
SECTION
OUTLINE

3. 1.1 fresh water Water continually cycles.
salt water
Water that is not salty and has little or no taste, color, or smell. Most lakes and rivers are made up of fresh water.
water cycle
evaporation
condensation
precipitation
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

4. 1.1 salt water Water continually cycles.
fresh water
salt water
salt water
Water that contains dissolved salts and other minerals. Oceans consist of salt water.
water cycle
evaporation
condensation
precipitation
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

5. 1.1 water cycle Water continually cycles.
fresh water
water cycle
salt water
The continuous movement of water on Earth, through its atmosphere, and in the living things on Earth.
water cycle
evaporation
condensation
precipitation
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

6. 1.1 evaporation Water continually cycles.
fresh water
evaporation
salt water
A process by which a substance changes from its liquid state to its gas state by random particle movement. Evaporation usually occurs at the surface of a liquid over a wide range of temperatures.
water cycle
evaporation
condensation
precipitation
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

7. 1.1 condensation Water continually cycles.
fresh water
condensation
salt water
The process by which a gas changes into a liquid.
water cycle
evaporation
condensation
precipitation
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

8. 1.1 precipitation Water continually cycles.
fresh water
precipitation
salt water
Any type of liquid or solid water that falls to Earth’s surface, such as rain, snow, or hail.
water cycle
evaporation
condensation
precipitation
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

9. Fresh water flows and freezes on Earth.
1.2
Fresh water flows and freezes on Earth.
Water on land collects and flows in rivers and lakes. Much of Earth’s fresh water is frozen.
divide
drainage basin
turnover
eutrophication
iceberg
River
Lake
SECTION
OUTLINE

10. 1.2 divide Fresh water flows and freezes on Earth.
drainage basin
turnover
A continuous high line of land (or ridge) from which water drains to one side or the other.
eutrophication
iceberg
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

11. 1.2 drainage basin Fresh water flows and freezes on Earth.
divide
drainage basin
drainage basin
turnover
An area of land in which water drains into a stream system. The borders of a drainage basin are called divides.
eutrophication
iceberg
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

12. 1.2 turnover Fresh water flows and freezes on Earth.
divide
turnover
drainage basin
turnover
The yearly rising and sinking of cold and warm water layers in a lake.
eutrophication
iceberg
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

13. 1.2 eutrophication Fresh water flows and freezes on Earth.
divide
eutrophication
drainage basin
turnover
An increase in nutrients in a lake or pond. Eutrophication can occur naturally or as a result of pollution, and causes increased growth of algae and plants.
eutrophication
iceberg
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

14. 1.2 iceberg Fresh water flows and freezes on Earth.
divide
iceberg
drainage basin
turnover
A mass of floating ice that broke away from a glacier.
eutrophication
iceberg
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

15. Fresh water flows underground.
1.3
Fresh water flows underground.
Water collects and moves beneath the land surface.
groundwater
permeable
impermeable
Water collects in open spaces in soil, gravel,
or rock.
water table
Gravity pulls water down through permeable materials until it reaches an impermeable layer.
aquifer
spring
artesian well
The impermeable layer prevents water from sinking farther down.
SECTION
OUTLINE

16. 1.3 groundwater Fresh water flows underground.
permeable
Water that collects and is stored underground.
impermeable
water table
aquifer
spring
artesian well
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

17. 1.3 permeable Fresh water flows underground.
groundwater
permeable
permeable
Allowing the passage of water.
impermeable
water table
aquifer
spring
artesian well
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

18. 1.3 impermeable Fresh water flows underground.
groundwater
impermeable
permeable
Resistant to the passage of water.
impermeable
water table
aquifer
spring
artesian well
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

19. 1.3 water table Fresh water flows underground.
groundwater
water table
permeable
The highest part in the ground that is saturated, or completely filled with water.
impermeable
water table
aquifer
spring
artesian well
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

20. 1.3 aquifer Fresh water flows underground.
groundwater
aquifer
permeable
An underground layer of permeable rock that contains water.
impermeable
water table
aquifer
spring
artesian well
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

21. 1.3 spring Fresh water flows underground.
groundwater
spring
permeable
A flow of water from the ground at a place where the surface of the land dips below the water table.
impermeable
water table
aquifer
spring
artesian well
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

22. 1.3 artesian well Fresh water flows underground.
groundwater
artesian well
permeable
A well in which pressurized water flows upward to the surface.
impermeable
water table
aquifer
spring
artesian well
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

23. 1.1 Water continually cycles. I. Water continually cycles.
fresh water
A. Water is a unique substance.
salt water
B. Water covers most of Earth.
water cycle
1. Water and Life
evaporation
2. Fresh Water and Salt Water
condensation
precipitation
C. Water moves in a worldwide cycle.
1. The Water Cycle
2. The Impact of the Water Cycle
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

24. Fresh water flows and freezes on Earth.
1.2
Fresh water flows and freezes on Earth.
II. Fresh water flows and freezes on Earth.
divide
A. Water flows and collects on Earth’s surface.
drainage basin
B. Surface water collects in ponds and lakes.
turnover
1. Lake Turnover
eutrophication
2. Eutrophication
iceberg
C. Most fresh water on Earth is frozen.
1. Ice on Land
2. Icebergs
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

25. Fresh water flows underground.
1.3
Fresh water flows underground.
III. Fresh water flows underground.
groundwater
A. Water fills underground spaces.
permeable
1. Aquifers
impermeable
2. The Importance of Aquifers
water table
B. Underground water can be brought to the surface.
aquifer
1. Springs and Wells
spring
2. Hot Springs
artesian well
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY