1. Religions of Ancient India
EQ: How do religions develop?
Chapter 9, Lesson 2

2. Ch.9, Lesson 2: Vocabulary (pg. 257)
Hinduism
Brahman
Reincarnation
Karma
Dharma
Buddhism
Nirvana
Jainism

3. Hinduism: The Religion of India
World’s oldest religions
Third largest religion next to Christianity and Islam
Sacred writings are called Vedas
Aryan ideas mixed with other Indian peoples ideas = Hinduism

4. What is Hinduism?
Hindus main belief is that there is one universal sprit (god) Brahman
However, most Indians could not easily understand the idea of Brahma
So they believed in many gods (deities)
Hinduism is polytheistic
Most important gods: the Creator, Protector, and Destroyer

5. The Three Major Gods: Brahman
The Creator god
Created the Universe
Four heads = each head is said to have delivered the four Vedas (sacred texts)

6. Vishnu, the Protector god
Shiva, The Destroyer

7. Hinduism: Many Lives
Reincarnation: the belief that each person has many lives
Karma: the belief that the deeds (actions) of a person affect what he or she will be in the next life.
To have a better existence in the next life—you must follow your dharma = your place in society (caste)
Animals have a supreme life force
Many Hindus don’t eat meat as a result.

8. Activity: Reincarnation DRAFT
Pretend you would be able to experience reincarnation. Write a story in which you narrate your reincarnation. In the story you must answer the following questions:
What would be your dharma—your personal duty (job), based on your place in society?
What would your be reincarnated into?
3. How would you behave in life to guarantee that your get good karma.

9. Buddhism
In 500s b.c., some Indians felt unhappy with the many ceremonies of the Hindu religion. They wanted a simpler, more spiritual faith.
Focus on meditation.

10. The Buddha Siddhartha Gautama ( Buddha )
Prince who gave up wealth and power to understand the meaning of life
Founded a new religion called Buddhism 
Felt people too occupied with fame, money, and personal possessions

11. Buddha’s Life and Teachings
Priest predicted that Siddhartha Gautama be selfless, wandering holy man
At age 29, saw sickness, old age, poverty, and death for the first time in his life.
6 years of fasting / meditation

12. Four Noble Truths Life is full of suffering.
People suffer because they desire worldly things and want to satisfy themselves.
The way to end suffering is to stop desiring things.
The only way to stop desiring things is to follow the Eightfold Path

13. Eightfold Path
They believe that the Eightfold Path can lead to nirvana

14. Buddhism Splits After Buddha died, Buddhism divided into many branches
Theravada Buddhists and Mahayana Buddhists.

15. Buddhism Today Today, Buddhism is one of the major world religions.
Most Buddhists live in Southeast Asia and East Asia. Only a few live in India, Buddhism's birthplace.

16. Activity Read pg. 260 -262. Complete the following questions
Write questions and answers.

17. Cornell Notes: Jainism
Read pg. 263 – 264
Write Cornell Notes = remember read the paragraph and get the main ideas and most important detail.
Jainism
Who is Mahavira?
Who is Ahimsa?
*** Notes DUE on my Desk at 1: 55 pm
WHEN YOUR FINISH YOU HAVE AN ASSIGNMENT.

18. Jainism Arose around 500 BC
Developed from a religious leader named Mahavira
He lived around the same time as Siddhartha

19. Who is Mahavira? Like Siddhartha, Mahavira came from a wealthy family.
He gave up his worldly procession.
He became known as the Jina, or conqueror.

20. Janis Beliefs Like the teaching of the Buddha, Jainism:
Taught people to stop wanting worldly things
Only by doing so would they escape the cycle of rebirth and reach nirvana
Janis practiced strict poverty

21. Jainism: What is Ahimsa?
Key idea of Jainism = ahimsa
Practicing non-violence toward all living things
Believed all life is sacred
Used brooms to sweep insects
Not farm because afraid to kill worms
Currently there are 6 million followers of Jainism, most live in India.

22. Jainism and its Influence
Gandhi uses ahimisa (nonviolence)
- Martin Luther King Jr. was influenced by him
Millions practice meditation

23. Activity: Compare and Contrast
Compare and contrast the beliefs of Buddhism and Jainism
Buddhism
Jainism

24. Short Response
Write a two paragraphs comparing and contrasting Buddhism and Jainism using the Venn Diagram
DUE BY THE END OF CLASS, no exception!

25. Home Learning Study the vocabulary notes and vocabulary on India.
Chapter 9: Lesson 1 and Lesson 2
You have a QUIZ on Friday—possibly 20 questions.