1. SCIDIP-ES Components Oct 22-23 2014,Brussels

2. Basic Preservation Strategies Often stated as: “Emulate or Migrate” OAIS concepts change these to: Add Representation Information includes emulation Transform more specific than “migrate” Hand over to another repository

3. When things change We need to: Know something has changed Identify the implications of that change Decide on the best course of action for preservation What RepInfo we need to fill the gaps Created by someone else or creating a new one If transformed: how to maintain data authenticity Alternatively: hand it over to another repository Make sure data continues to be usable Orchestration Service Gap Identification Service Preservation Strategy Tk RepInfo Registry Service Authenticity Toolkit Storage Service Data Virtualisa tion Toolkit Process Virtualisa tion Toolkit RepInf o Toolkit

4. ThreatRequirement for solution Users may be unable to understand or use the data e.g. the semantics, format, processes or algorithms involved Ability to create and maintain adequate Representation Information Non-maintainability of essential hardware, software or support environment may make the information inaccessible Ability to share information about the availability of hardware and software and their replacements/substitutes The chain of evidence may be lost and there may be lack of certainty of provenance or authenticity Ability to bring together evidence from diverse sources about the Authenticity of a digital object Access and use restrictions may make it difficult to reuse data, or alternatively may not be respected in future Ability to deal with Digital Rights correctly in a changing and evolving environment Loss of ability to identify the location of data An ID resolver which is really persistent The current custodian of the data, whether an organisation or project, may cease to exist at some point in the future Brokering of organisations to hold data and the ability to package together the information needed to transfer information between organisations ready for long term preservation The ones we trust to look after the digital holdings may let us down Certification process so that one can have confidence about whom to trust to preserve data holdings over the long term RepInfo toolkit, Packager and Registry – to create and store Representation Information. In addition the Orchestration Manager and Knowledge Gap Manager help to ensure that the RepInfo is adequate. Registry and Orchestration Manager to exchange information about the obsolescence of hardware and software, amongst other changes. The Representation Information will include such things as software source code and emulators. Authenticity toolkit will allow one to capture evidence from many sources which may be used to judge Authenticity. Packaging toolkit to package access rights policy into AIP Persistent Identifier system: such a system will allow objects to be located over time. Orchestration Manager will, amongst other things, allow the exchange of information about datasets which need to be passed from one curator to another. Certification toolkit to help repository manager capture evidence for ISO 16363 Audit and Certification

5. APARSEN test audit findings Lack of definition of Designated Community Lack of adequate Representation Information Inadequate Archival Information Packages Lack of hand-over plans

6. SCIDIP-ES in brief Upgrade CASPAR prototype components into scalable, robust e- infrastructure components to support digital preservation of all types of digital objects decentralised, heterogeneous, asynchronous, no single point of failure Persistent, simple re- implementable interfaces critical mass of users: Earth science as initial focus Other disciplines via APA DIGITAL PRESERVATION RESEARCH needed to create the tools needed to create the “metadata” used by the e-infrastructure and user applications. Tools may be domain dependent. Must include Rep. Info. Network of the metadata SCIence Data Infrastructure for Preservation – with focus on Earth Science http://www.scidip-es.euhttp://www.scidip-es.eu Storage Service Gap Identification Service Orchestration Service RepInfo Registry Service Preservation Strategy Toolkit Process Virtualisation Toolkit Finding Aid Toolkit Cloud Storage Persistent ID i/f Service External PI services ISO Certification Organisation Certification Toolkit External Access/Use Services E- INFRASTRUC TURE TOOLKIT S Archives User applications Domain independent Infrastructure counters threats identified by PARSE.Insight based on CASPAR prototypes Consistent with APARSEN integrated view Will help archives with certification

9. Conclusions: Services and toolkits help repositories to… share the effort of preservation address major threats to digital preservation by supplementing what they currently do proof from CASPAR and PARSE.Insight applicable to all types of digital objects become trustworthy add value to digital holdings

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11. Add Representation Information OAIS introduces the concept of Representation Information Information to help understand the digitally encoded object - includes emulators bit-level descriptions dictionaries Ideally description allows automated extraction of information In general if a digital object is no longer usable/understandable adding Representation Information digital can often solve the problem

12. Migration OAIS defines various types of Migration: Do not change the bits Refresh Replicate Change the packaging but not the content Repackage Change the content Transform (usually non-reversible) Need to consider “Transformational Information Properties” – important for AUTHENTICITY Related to “Significant properties” Add appropriate Representation Information for the new format

13. AND – be prepared to Hand-over Preservation requires funding Funding for a dataset (or a repository) may stop Need to be ready to hand over everything needed for preservation OAIS (ISO 14721) defines “Archival Information Package (AIP) which brings together everything needed for long term preservation With information which covers Understandability Authenticity How things are packaged together Not a one-off Need to ensure that Understandability (for the Designated Community) is maintained Needs a support system

14. Preservation Planning Processes Scoping Formulation Impl ESA, Rome14/11/2013

15. Design Preservation Network Model (PNM) Capture PNM properties cost, risks, objectives, decisions, actions links to metric evidence… Evaluate and select preservation solution/s ESA, Rome14/11/2013 Formulation Preservation Strategies Toolkit

16. ESA, Rome14/11/2013 Implementation Design RepInfo Network Create RepInfo objects Capture RepInfo properties façade to various tools Search, re-use and share Registry objects Maintain registry objects Repinfo Toolkit