1. S&T Office of Systems Engineering: Overview Briefing
Briefing Presented To:
DoD Human Factors Engineering
Technical Advisory Group
19 May 2014
Kerry D. Wilson
Sr. Systems Engineer Acquisition Support and Operations Analysis Office of Systems Engineering

2. Agenda DHS History and Overview
Acquisition and Systems Engineering Lifecycle and Acquisition Lifecycle Frameworks
S&T Office of Systems Engineering Activities
Systems Engineering Center of Excellence
New DHS Systems Engineering Life Cycle (SELC) Guidebook
DHS SE Workforce Development
Support to DHS Programs
Collaboration
Summary

3. Who became part of DHS? U.S. Customs Service (Treasury)
Immigration and Naturalization Service (Justice)
Federal Protective Service
Transportation Security Administration (Transportation)
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (Treasury)
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (partial, Agriculture)
Office for Domestic Preparedness (Justice)
Federal Emergency Management Agency
Strategic National Stockpile and the National Disaster Medical System (Health and Human Services)
Nuclear Incident Response Team (Energy)
Domestic Emergency Support Teams (Justice)
National Domestic Preparedness Office (FBI)
U.S. Secret Service (Treasury)
U.S. Coast Guard (Transportation)

4. DHS Core Mission Areas Preventing Terrorism and Enhancing Security
Securing and Managing our Borders
Enforcing and Administering our Immigration Laws
Safeguarding and Securing Cyberspace
Ensuring Resilience to Disasters
Who Became Part of DHS
U.S. Customs Service (Treasury)
Immigration and Naturalization Service (Justice)
Federal Protective Service
Transportation Security Administration (Transportation)
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (Treasury)
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (partial, Agriculture)
Office for Domestic Preparedness (Justice)
Federal Emergency Management Agency
Strategic National Stockpile and the National Disaster Medical
System (Health and Human Services)
Nuclear Incident Response Team (Energy)
Domestic Emergency Support Teams (Justice)
National Domestic Preparedness Office (FBI)
U.S. Secret Service (Treasury)
U.S. Coast Guard (Transportation)

5. The DHS Acquisition Portfolio
135 Major Programs representing > $150B investment
Approximately 60 Level 1 programs
Significant Diversity (Products and Approaches)
Products include ships, aircraft, IT business systems, facilities, command and control, sensor/detectors
Approaches include full development/production, Commercial Off the Shelf (COTS) integration, commodity purchase, and mission/mission support services
Acquisition is performed by DHS Operating Components and some HQ organizations
Need for a more robust Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE) process

6. DHS Acquisition and Systems Engineering
DHS has an acquisition policy and framework
Management Directive (MD) (similar to DoD 5000)
Initiated in 2009
Established the Acquisition Review Board (chaired by the Undersecretary of Management (USM))
DHS developed a Systems Engineering Life Cycle (SELC)
Integrated technical program efforts into the acquisition framework
Initially under MD , Appendix B
Introduced Tri-chair (Lead Business Authority (LBA), Lead Technical Authority (LTA), and PM) for SELC technical reviews governance

7. DHS Acquisition Lifecycle & SELC Framework Alignment
Acquisition Lifecycle Framework (ALF)
Need
Analyze/Select
Obtain
Deploy &
Support
ALF 1 2A 2B
LRIP 2C 3
SPR
SER
PPR
SDR
PDR
CDR
IRR
PRR
OTRR
ORR
PIR
SELC
Solution Engineering
Requirements Definition
Operations & Maintenance
Planning
Design
Development
Integration
Implementation
Systems Engineering Lifecycle (SELC)
ALF Acquisition Decision Events (ADE)
ADE 0: Collect Needs (Program Pre-Authorization)
ADE 1: Validate Needs (Program Authorization)
ADE 2A: Approve Program
ADE 2B: Approve Supporting Acquisitions
ADE 2C: Low Rate Initial Production /Incremental Release
ADE 3: Produce & Deploy Program Products
Component Level (System Engineering) Reviews
SPR: Study Plan Review
SER: Solution Engineering Review
PPR: Project Planning Review
SDR: System Definition Review
PDR: Preliminary Design Review
CDR: Critical Design Review
IRR: Implementation Readiness Review
PRR: Production Readiness Review
OTRR: Operational Test Readiness Review
ORR: Operational Readiness Review
PIR: Post Implementation Review
The framework is designed to ensure that the PM has the tools, resources, and flexibility to execute the acquisition; deliver a product that meets the user’s requirements; and complies with applicable statutes, regulations, and policies.
The ALF is linked with the Department’s strategic requirements process as well as the PPBE and supporting acquisition processes, such as systems engineering
The SELC provides a framework for development using proven systems engineering principles, and should be tailored to fit the unique circumstances of the program/project. SELC reviews are used to inform Component / departmental oversight structure (e.g. ADE reviews) on the technical progress towards successful capability development.
The DHS acquisition life cycle process is structured to operate within a series of acquisition phases, each leading to an ADE.
This phased systematic approach to acquisition is a proven government and industry method for reducing acquisition risk and achieving more effective and efficient results from invested resources. The ultimate utility for the PM and the operational end-users is better constructed acquisitions, and better, more informed acquisition decisions. These, in turn, lead to predictable and effective delivery of DHS capabilities. The emphasis should not be on “checking off documents.” Rather, these documents should be the end result of performing quality analyses and gaining the knowledge necessary to support effective decision making.
The SELC establishes a common System Engineering Life Cycle Framework and ensures that appropriate technical activities are planned and implemented

8. HSI Activities Aligned with the SELC
Need
Analyze/Select
Obtain
Deploy &
Support
ALF 1 2A 2B
LRIP 2C 3
SPR
SER
PPR
SDR
PDR
CDR
IRR
PRR
OTRR
ORR
PIR
SELC
Solution Engineering
Requirements Definition
Operations & Maintenance
Planning
Design
Development
Integration
Implementation
Describe the gap or deficiency
Identify operational functionality
Inputs to P-MNS and P-CONOPs
Provide Inputs to user-required mission capabilities
Identify HP gaps in needed capability
Support Mission Function Analysis
Provide inputs to HP Needs Analysis
HSI Inputs to AoA and LCCE
Assess HP aspects of alternatives
Assess HSI risk and affordability of alternatives
HSI Inputs to Technology Assessment/Refinement
Provide HSI Inputs to:
Project Mgmt.
Tailoring
Risk/ Training Plans
HSI Inputs to the FRD, RTM, TEMP, Dev Test Plans
Conduct studies & analysis (preliminary design)
Assess COTS/NDI applicability
Develop concepts
Conduct studies & analysis: detailed design
Detailed design UIs
T&E, Risk Management
Design Specs
Develop HSI installation criteria
HSI inputs to configuration control
HSI inputs to Operators/
Maintainers Manuals
HSI input to Integration Readiness
Provide HSI inputs to User Documentation Verification and Validation
Ensure testing adequately addresses HP requirements and issues
Provide HSI inputs to Security Acceptance/ Assistive tech interoperability tests
Provide HSI inputs to the Site Preparation, and introduction to the operational environment
Conduct User Training
Evaluate HP during Operation
Provide HSI inputs to system enhancements
HSI inputs to Assessment of Disaster Recovery
Support Operations Analysis
Develop HSI Lessons Learned
We recognize that human performance important determiner of mission success for the complex, high-impact, technology- based, manpower-limited homeland security systems. Therefore, in order to build a more robust SE capability, we have introduced HSI into the SELC.
HSI aims to influence how systems are designed by setting human performance requirements. To succeed in a meaningful way, HSI must be addressed as early as possible in the acquisition process. Typically, HSI begins in earnest at the very inception of the system need, in the pre-acquisition phase, when the capability requirements are being discussed. By embedding HSI into system development from the outset, developers can ensure that the system and its users are well
integrated.
The Systems Engineering Life Cycle (SELC) defines HSI as the systems engineering discipline that focuses on the requirements and capabilities of the human as a critical and integral component of the system.
HSI activities represented across the lifecycle.
Results/data collected serves as inputs to program artifacts as well as standalone HSI program documents.
Finally, consideration is given to HSI entrance/exit criteria at major program reviews. For example, Human Systems Integration Exit Criteria in the Solution Engineering Phase are as follows:
Do scenarios and use cases include those which are judged to be challenging to human performance, including human capability, safety and workload?
Has a human performance risk analysis been conducted?
Have human capability, workload and safety risks been identified and are they being tracked?
Have metrics been developed for the AoA/AA assessment which reflect the functional capability needs from an HSI perspective?
Do the activities to be conducted during the AoA/AA assessment include determining Doctrine, Organizations, Training, Materiel, Leadership, Personnel, and Facilities, plus Regulations/ Grants/Standards (DOTMLPF+R/G/S) implications for proposed materiel approaches, which involve the following for each design alternative:
providing an assessment of the expected impact of the design approach on human performance, with emphasis on impact of human error;
estimating workload and manpower requirements and opportunities for manpower reduction;
defining requirements for special skills, new occupational specialties and high quality personnel;
identifying training requirements and assess expected effectiveness of training approaches, concepts, devices and systems;
providing HSI inputs to life cycle costs;
determining requirements for interoperability for system alternatives, and defining specific human performance requirements;
identifying and managing HSI cost, schedule, and design risks;
incorporating HSI requirements into the acquisition strategy; and identifying HSI test and evaluation requirements?
Have roles of humans and machines in conducting functions associated with scenarios been identified, and have task performance requirements been defined in a Human Performance requirements analysis (HPRA).

9. DHS Systems Engineering Center of Excellence
SE Best Practices &
Lessons Learned
Recommendations for
Monitoring & Analyzing
Program Technical Health
and Artifact Quality
SE Training & Certification
DHS SE COE
SE Support to
DHS Programs
Implement
Enterprise Systems

10. Updated SELC Guidebook Philosophy
Developed to help identify appropriate SE activities are planned and implemented
Incorporates “Best Practices” and guidance from DoD, NASA, INCOSE, DHS Component processes, and industry leaders
Provides direct understanding of the activities and tasks that a program needs to execute/consider to successfully field a new capability
Recommends Acquisition Programs develop a Systems Engineering Plan (SEP)
Provides clear message that programs need to engage in critical thinking, planning, and extensive technical management efforts
Emphasizes “Tailoring” the SELC at the start of acquisition program based on its specific type and size characteristics
Stresses early evaluation/development of advanced technology along with continuous Technology Maturation and Assessment
Updates include HSI throughout the guidebook along with a Supplemental HSI document that addresses implementation and provides program evaluation criteria for activity gate reviews.

11. DHS Systems Engineering Center of Excellence
SE Best Practices &
Lessons Learned
Recommendations for
Monitoring & Analyzing
Program Technical Health
and Artifact Quality
SE Training & Certification
DHS SE COE
SE Support to
DHS Programs
Implement
Enterprise Systems

12. Acquisition Career Management
Goal: Establish a professional certification program to train and develop our current workforce and provide mandatory education, training, and experience requirements for each specific acquisition position and specialty.
Robust Certification Programs
Cost Estimating
Life Cycle Logistics
Test and Evaluation
Program Management
Program Financial Manager
Federal Acquisition Certification, Contracting(FAC-C)
Federal Acquisition Certification-Contracting Officer Representative (FAC-COR)
Ordering Official
Warrant Program
Systems Engineering
6 April 2012, DHS Acquisition Workforce Division issued an Acquisition Certification Policy for Systems Engineering
SE Certification Program includes HSI competencies across three competency levels.

13. DHS Systems Engineering Center of Excellence
SE Best Practices &
Lessons Learned
Recommendations for
Monitoring & Analyzing
Program Technical Health
and Artifact Quality
SE Training & Certification
DHS SE COE
SE Support to
DHS Programs
Implement
Enterprise Systems

14. Support to DHS Programs
Highlight some examples of how we have provided HSI support.
Elements of HSI process have been applied to R&D projects and Acquisition Programs.
HSI process was applied to 24 programs, (15 S&T and 9 Component programs)

15. DHS Systems Engineering FFRDC
Architecture development
Independent technical assessments
Risk and opportunity analysis
Software systems engineering
Modeling and simulation
Test and evaluation
Enterprise Systems Engineering
Requirements Engineering
Acquisition SE Support
Program/Project Management
RFP development & source selection support
Cost, schedule, performance, risk trades
System concept development
Requirements analysis
Analysis of Alternatives
Review/analysis of design, design alternatives
Organizational Change Management
Integration & Interoperability
Proof-of-Concept
System of systems integration
Experimentation
Standards development
Creating mission capability working through needs, opportunities and constraints

16. Summary DHS has a civilian/law enforcement culture
Acquisition still somewhat synonymous with procurement
DHS realizes Systems Engineering needs to be institutionalized
Developed new SELC guidance based on best practices across industry and federal agencies
Emphasizes critical thinking, early comprehensive planning, and program tailoring
Recommends Acquisition Programs develop a Systems Engineering Plan adopting “Industry Standard” SE Technical Management Processes
Stood-up Level I,II, & III SE certification program
Looking to continue collaboration with other government agencies

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