1. The Second industrial Revolution
The Politics of Progress

7. Marx’s Beard!
Karl Marx

8. Ideology
Economic vs political- what's the difference?

9. What is Communism?
A Simple Lesson

10. Sickle for the Peasants – the farm labourers
What is Communism?
This is the symbol of Communism – The Hammer and the Sickle
Hammer for the
Workers
Sickle for the Peasants – the farm labourers
Who are these blokes?

11. This is his good friend, Frederick Engels.
What is Communism?
‘Those Blokes’ wrote the ‘Communist Manifesto’
in It’s a short book – but billions of people have read it….
This is Karl Marx, the ‘Father of Communism’. People who believe in his ideas are called ‘Marxists’
This is his good friend, Frederick Engels.

12. What is Communism?
Marx and Engels studied the history of the world’s economies.
This means the way that power, industry and finance are controlled.
They saw the way countries developed in stages.
Communism
Socialism
Capitalism
Feudalism
Explain these please!
Primitive
Communism

13. What is Communism?
This is how humans first lived together – in small tribes. Primitive means ‘not very advanced’ e.g. hunting and gathering. Communism means that everything was shared amongst the tribe – food, jobs, belongings. No-one owned land. Eventually a group comes to power – this leads to Feudalism…
Primitive
Communism

14. What is Communism?
Under feudalism, a king or emperor or chief becomes the ruler over all the people.
He gives land and privileges to ‘nobles’ who rule the people for him.
The people are kept uneducated and told that god chose the king to rule. The church helps the king this way.
Feudalism
As trade develops, some people get richer. This leads to Capitalism…..
Primitive
Communism

15. What is Communism?
The capitalists get more power to serve their own interests.
The business owners or capitalists get richer while the workers do all the hard work.
Capitalism
Feudalism
Capitalism creates a huge working-class of people who soon get angry at the way they are treated. They organise in unions and demand changes. This will lead to a revolution and Socialism…

16. What is Communism?
Because nothing is made for profit, all people benefit from education and health.
The workers take control of the country to produce things for everyone.
Socialism
These ideas spread across the world to create Communism….
Capitalism
In the Socialist revolution all the rulers – kings, churches, capitalists are got rid of.

17. What is Communism?
The remaining capitalists put up a bitter fight, but the will of the people will always win.
Communism
Socialism
All human activity goes towards benefiting each other – allowing all to live their lives to the full.
As everyone now works together, war is a thing of the past – armies are not needed. Sharing means no police are needed. Everything is provided by the people – so money becomes a thing of the past.

18. “From the toilet to the river in half an hour!”
Cuties grow large fast = big problems
What to do?
Boards of health
Clean water and sewage
Better infrastructure

19. Structure of Society
5 % of population wealthy with 40% of wealth

20. Middle class – upper middle class with lawyers, doctors, scientists, engineers, and lower middle class of shopkeepers, clerks and secretaries.
15 % of population
Victorian –morality, hard work and responsibility

21. Working class- 80%
Laborers and domestic servants

22. Women Considered legally inferior and economically dependant
2IR opened the door for some women to work
Marriage the only honorable career for women
Working class women worked!

23. Modern Feminism Nurses: Clara Barton and Florence Nightingale
In Britain: Suffragists and Women's Equity Movement

25. Effects of the Second Wave of Industrialization
More schools, compulsory education= literacy increases
East E- 80% illiteracy West E- 80% literacy
What do you think increases with literacy?
New forms of leisure

26. Politics of Western democracy