1. HYPNOSIS OVERVIEW HYPNOSIS DISSOCIATION TRANCE HYPNOTIZABILITY DSM IV INDUCTION USES & CAVEATS HARVEY DONDERSHINE, MD, JD

2. MYTHS  ANYONE CAN BE HYPNOTIZED  HYPNOSIS CAN RECOVER THE PAST  PEOPLE TELL THE TRUTH IN A TRANCE  HYPNOSIS IS DANGEROUS  HYPNOSIS IS HARD TO DO  HYPNOSIS IS A THEAPY

3. HYPNOSIS  DEFINITION  INTERPERSONALLY EVOKED REVERISBLE DISRUPTION OF CONSCIOUSNESS, MEMORY, PERSONALITY. RESULTANT “DISSOCIATED” MENTAL STATE IS OFTEN CALLED TRANCE.  THEORIES  DIVISION WITHIN CONSCIOUSNESS  SOCIAL INFLUENCE (PLAY ACTING)  DIRECT ACTIVATION OF MEMORY SYSTEMS BYPASSING EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS OF MIND

4. TRANCE & DISSOCIATION  TRANCE AND DISSOCIATION ARE SIMILAR PHENOMENA  TRANCE EVOKED BY A RITUAL  DISSOCIATION STIMULUS EVOKED  NON CLINICAL FORMS  CLINICAL FORMS  PROVOKED BY STRONG EMOTION  PROTECTIVE FUNCTION

5. REVIEW  DISSOCIATION (TRANCE) IS FOCUSED CONCENTRATION  CAN BE SPONTANEOUS OR CUED  HYPNOSIS IS FACILITATING CUE  FOCUSED CONCENTRATION DIFFERS FROM NON- FOCUSED CONCENTRATION  DIFFERENCE REFLECTED IN CONSCIOUSNES

6. TRANCE CHARACTERISTICS  HEIGHTENED CONCENTRATION  INCREASED FOCAL AWARENESS  PERIPHERAL NEGLECT  HEIGHTENED CAPACITY FOR FANTASY  INCREASED SUGGESTIBILITY  SUSPENSION OF CRITICAL JUDGMENT  LOSS OF CONTEXTUAL DEFINITION OF EXPERIENCE

7. HYPNOTIZABILITY  CAPACITY FOR TRANCE  PREDICTABLE DISTRIBUTION IN POPULATION  GENERALLY STABLE OVER TIME  OFTEN IMPLIES PERSONALITY TRAITS  CAPACITY FOR SUSTAINED ATTENTION  ABSORPTION INTO ACTIVITIES AND MOODS  EMOTION-BASED RECALL

8. MEASURING HYPNOTIZABILITY HYPNOTIC INDUCTION PROFILE *  CLINICAL TOOL  TAPS INNATE CAPACITY  USE RITUAL TO INDUCE TRANCE  TEACHES SELF-CUING SYSTEM  YIELDS NUMERIC MEASURE OF HYPNOTIZABILITY  EYE-ROLL: 1 to 4  TRANCE : 0 to 10 * Trance and Treatment: Clinical Uses of Hypnosis. Spiegel & Spiegel (1979)

9. HIP SCORES BY DIAGNOSIS * DIAGNOSISNSCORESD PTSD658.042.24 NORMAL CONTROLS837.232.24 SCHIZOPHRENIA233.993.19 GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER154.063.30 AFFECTIVE DISORDERS565.763.19 MISCELLANEOUS DIAGNOSES185.962.85 * Am. J Psychiatry 145:3, March 1988

10. DSM IV  ASD/PTSD/COMPLEX PTSD  AMNESIA  FUGUE  DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY DISORDER  DEPERSONALIZATION DISORDER  SOMATIZATION DISORDER (CONVERSION)

11. INDUCTION  PUT SUBJECT AT EASE  EMPLOY A RITUAL  NARROW FOCUS OF ATTENTION  INTRODUCE SUGGESTION  TEACH CUT-OFF SIGNAL  ASSESS POST HYPNOTIC STATE

12. CLINICAL USES  DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT PLANNING  RELAXATION TRAINING  ANTI-TRANCE TRAINING  TRAUMA MEMORY WORK  IMAGINAL EXPOSURE AND DESENSITIZATION  COGNITIVE RESTRUCTURING  ASSIST CONSTRUCTION OF NARRATIVE  OTHER  GRIEF WORK  PAIN MANAGEMENT  HABIT CONTORL  ENHANCE MOTIVATION

13. CAVEATS  NEED INFORMED CONSENT  BEWARE SYMPTOMS IN SEARCH OF A TRAUMA  TAKE CARE TO AVOID INADVERTENT HYPNOSIS  DON’T USE HYPNOSIS TO CREATE FALSE MEMORIES  EASY TO INSERT, HARD TO EXTRACT  HYPNOSIS INCREASES BELIEF BUT NOT ACCURACY  GET LEGAL ADVICE IF PATIENT NEEDS TO TESTIFY