1. EU legislation regarding control measures ”Red alert”, Suceava, 7-10 September 2009 DVM, MVPH Maren Holm Johansen Head of section of Animal Health Danish Veterinary and Food Administration (TAIEX)

2. DVM, MVPH Maren Holm Johansen 2 FMD Directive 2003/85/EC exactly the same in all 27 member states minimum demands - - eg depopulation in 1 km zones ………..

3. Motivation FMD is extremely contagious! FMD is extremely expensive! FMD is compensated by EU if the MS meets the directive and implement the control meassures

4. Experience 4

5. Defining Priorities Breakdown of veterinary emergency funds payments (1997-2005) UK 59% NL 26% IT 6% ES 4% DE 2% BE 1% Others 1% Foot and Mouth Disease 668.7 Classical Swine Fever 178.7 Avian Influenza 109.7 Bluetongue 19.6Others 12.6 Per country (% of total) Per livestock disease (million €)

6. Contigency plans legal base for action, Commission approval –access to adequate resources –chain of command, expert group –coordination with neighbouring countries –WORST CASE SCENARIO, Bioterrorism –vaccination –disposal of dead animals and animal products ► FVO-Inspection – implementation of plan – only done for CSF done ► Annual reporting on exercises - first exercise for FMD in 2009 ► Review of plans each 5 years – planned as result of the current exercise

7. The main aspects in the directive - is solidarirty! obligation to increase avareness and preparedness obligation to control an outbreak as fast as possible obligation to regain FMD-free status as fast as possible

8. Parallels between Danmark and Romania last outbreak many years ago.. (1983/1973) it requires much discipline to bee avare and prepared training and exercises are extremely important

9. Outbreak Control Restrictions in place following first suspect  national movement ban, suspect holding stamping out, preventive killing zoning, regionalisation controls (animals & products) cleansing and disinfection emergency vaccination surveillance controlled restocking safeguard measures –specific rules for products –additional testing Surveillance Zone Protection Zone 3 km 10 km

10. Suspicion handling What are the main obligations for the MS: Immediately activate official investigation ( - DK in less than 4 hours!) place the holding under official surveillance extend the meassures to other holdings (contact holdings)

11. Confirmation What are the main obligations for the MS: (without delay!) all animals shall bee killed on the spot epidemiological inquirys must bee carried out immediately activate official investigation in contact holdings cleansing and desinfection must bee carried out under official supervision

12. Acceptable killing methods should Respect animal welfare Be safe for man Be quick Imply the smallest possible risk of spreading the infectious agent Imply as little handling of animals as possible Council Directive 93/119 of 22.12.1993 on the protection of animals at the time of slaughter or killing

13. Cleansing and desinfection must bee carried out under official supervision preliminary cleansing and disinfection final cleansing and desinfection dokumentation is important!

14. Time schedule, example

15. Notification What are the main obligations for the MS: (without delay!) in less than 24 hours to ADNS and OIE i writing.. ( telefoncall is ”good maner”) the following infected premises as soon as possible (and as minimum in a week)

16. Setting up zones What are the main obligations for the MS: (immediately after confirmation!) a protection zone based on 3 km. radius from IP a surveillance zone based on 10 km. radius from IP tracing from zones (21 days).. - and information to other MS

17. Investigation in zones Survey : All holdings must undergo clinical examination Sampling: intensive i protection zone – less intensive in surveillance zone special avareness on sheep! Additional meassures!

18. Removal of meassures in 3 and 10 km zones Protection zone: 15 days since killing, disposal and C/D survey has been conducted with negative results Surveillance zone: 30 days since killing, disposal and C/D survey has been conducted with negative results

19. Applying free status - without vaccination 1. the zones has been lifted properly 2. at least 3 month since last outbreak 3. all clinical and laboratoriy surveillance are carried out (with negative results!) 4. all recommendations of the animal health code are met (OIE)

20. Emergency vaccination Council Directive 2003/85/EC provides for emergency vaccination Types of vaccination –Protective (vaccinate-to-live) –Suppressive (vaccinate-to-kill)

21. Recovery of free status after emergency vaccination I.Immunisation phase (0-30 days post vaccination) II.Surveillance phase (>31 days post vaccination) –Testing period (Guidelines of OIE) –Classification of herds NSP( +) with virus circulation =  outbreak NSP( +) without virus circulation =  controlled slaughter NSP( - ) =  controlled movement and production III.Waiting Phase (according to OIE) 3 months after slaughter of vaccinates 6 months after last vaccination

22. Prevention of FMD Keep it out! –import policy, border controls, inspections –assistance to neighboring countries Live up to the risks –trade rules, traceability Be aware and prepared –notifiability, monitoring, diagnostic laboratories

23. Summing up the motivation is high! preparedness is essential (planning, education and exercices) outbreak control: 1. confirmation 2. stamping out 3. zoning 4. recovering of free status

24. “Prevention is better than cure ” Reactive approach “cure” Proactive approach “prevention” Investment in prevention Direct and indirect costs € € € € €€

25. - a small view in to the FMD directive.. thank you for your attention