1. Section 3:The Simple Present
By: Areej Dawoud

2. Examples I play tennis every day. The sun rises from the east.
The train leaves at 6 PM.
They like apples.
The simple present is a verb. It has only two forms:
the simple form without an –s (sleep).
the simple form + s (sleeps) with third person singular subjects.

3. Forming the simple present
Verb
Subject He I
Works
She
Work
You It We
They

4. Usages of the simple present
USE 1 Repeated Actions
Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens.
E.g. She walks to school.

5. Usages of the simple present
USE 2 Facts or Generalizations
The Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and will be true in the future. It is used to make generalizations about people or things.
E.g. Cats like milk.

6. Usages of the simple present
USE 3 Scheduled Events in the Near Future
Speakers occasionally use Simple Present to talk about scheduled events in the near future. This is most commonly done when talking about public transportation, but it can be used with other scheduled events as well.
E.g. The party starts at 8 o’clock.

7. Adverbs of frequency Examples
I always brush my teeth before I go to bed.
Ann usually has toast for breakfast.
Mr. Smith often goes to the park with his dog.
We sometimes see Susan down at the shops.
They rarely smoke cigars.
He never works on the weekend.

8. Adverbs of frequency

9. Adverbs of frequency
Adverbs of frequency tell us how many times something happens.
Always = every day
Usually = happens most days
Often = many times
Sometimes= at particular occasions but not all the time
Rarely = it is not common
Never = not at any time or not on any occasion
Adverbs of frequency come between the subject and the main verb.
Simple present
Adv. Of frequency
Subject
my homework do
always I

10. Adverbs of frequency with to be
Examples
Tom is usually very friendly.
Ramon and Frank are often hungry.
Ted is rarely late.
We put adverbs of frequency after the verb to be (is / are).
Adverb of frequency
Simple present to be
subject
nice
always is
Peter

11. 3.4 spelling of final -s & -es
Pronunciation
Examples
Spelling
Verb
/s/
He likes coffee..
It sleeps. +s
The verb ends in the sounds /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/
/z/
He swims.
She reads.
ends in the sounds /b/, /d/, /g/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /r/, /v/ or in a vowel
/iz/
She watches TV.
It finishes at 10 p.m.
+es
ends in /ch/, /sh/, /s/, /x/, /z/.
He worries a lot.
Drop y, add -ies
ends con. + y
She stays at home.
ends in a vowel+ y

12. 3.5 Irregular verbs has a problem. He She It I have a job.
does the work.
I do the work.
goes outside.
I go to work.

13. 3.6 have (got) & has (got) We use have (got) & has (got):
For things we possess or own. I have got a car.
To describe people, places, animals, and things. She has (got) black hair.
For our families and people we know. I have (got) a son.
With some expressions like the following: have got (a cold, the flu, temperature, headache, toothache, a problem)

14. 3.6 have (got) & has (got) Singular have (got) I, you a book has (got)
He, she, it
Plural
books.
You, we, they

15. 3.8 The simple present: yes / no
We use do or does to make questions in the simple present. We always use the base form after do and does.
Neg.
Affirm.
Base v.
subject
do/does
No, they don’t
We don’t
Yes,
I do.
You do.
Work?
I, we, you, they Do
No, it doesn’t
Yes, he does
He, she, it
Does

16. The simple present:wh- questions
Where does he live?
What do they do?
We put question words (what, where, when, why, who,…) before do or does.
Frequency adverbs comes after the subject in the question.
When do you usually get up?

17. 4.1 The present continuous
We form the present continuous with the present of verb to be (am, is, are) and the base verb + ing.
Base v. + ing
To be
subject am I
working is
He, she, it
are
They, we, you

18. 4.2 The spelling of verbs ending in -ing
example
Rule
Verb ending
dancing
coming
dance, come
Drop the e, add -ing
Consonant + e
fitting
showing
fixing
saying
sit
show
fix
say
Double the con., add –ing
Do not double the con.
1 vowel + consonant
Verbs end in w, x, y
eating
sleeping
eat
sleep
Do not double, add -ing
2 vowels + 1 con.
talking
reading
talk
read
Add -ing
All other verbs

19. 4.3 The present continuous negative
To form the negative of the present continuous, we use not after the verb to be and the verb with –ing.
He is not working.
You are not sleeping.

20. 4.4 The present continuous: yes/ no questions
Base v. + ing
subject
To be I Am
Working?
he, she, it Is
you, we, they
Are

21. 4.5 The present continuous: wh- questions
Where, What, Why, When, How, Who
I am drinking tea.
What am I drinking?

22. 4.6 Verbs not used in the present continuous
Non action verbs (describe a state or condition):
Believe hate have hear know like remember think
see smell taste think
understand want
Julia has a car.
Julia is having a cup of tea.

23. Conclusion The simple present has two forms.
Adverbs of frequency usually come with the simple present between the subject and the verb.
Adverbs of frequency come after verb to be.

24. To practice more

25. Thank you